Nature and cultural tourism is a growing economic activity with great relevance in depressed regions, such as the interior of Portugal. In this paper the potential of tourism in the Tua Valley is evaluated by a combination of reviewing existing local development studies and interviewing mayors, town council officials and tourism agents. Tourism in the Tua is no w responsible for 1.2% of existing jobs and generates profits of 2.1 Meuro/year. The main attractions are the beautiful landscape, with a rare combination of natural and human elements, and rich cultural heritage, from architecture and archaeology to gastronomy. We found the main hurdle impeding further touristy development is a lack of common ground and purpose among economic and political actors. We identified major conflicts with other types of development proposals, chief of which is the building of a large dam at Foz Tua: this would turn a nearly wild river into just another reservoir and destroy the unique Tua railroad. The majority of tourism agents and a minority of political actors see the dam as a major threat to sustainable tourism in the region - one example of incompatible development strategies. We verified that a nature- and culture-based touristy development creates 11 times more jobs per million euros invested, than the construction of the dam. Nature and cultural tourism is a key sector for the development of the region. Nonetheless, this should not be considered as a panacea that solves all problems, and requires unity of purpose, appropriate planning, investment and commitment.
The EEZ importance is crucial for economic reasons — fisheries, off shore mining and energy production, archaeology, energy production and tourism, among others — but also for environmental, internal security, defence, geo-strategic and safety at sea issues. Regarding the environment on should emphasise responsibilities under the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL). Regarding safety at sea, Portugal is also responsible for two large Search and Rescue Regions (SRR), Lisboa and Santa Maria, under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS, 1974) and the Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (1979). The institutional boundaries created by such agreements imply different rights and duties and overlap with the existing national institutional boundaries.