Objective:The study was designed to investigate the relationship between expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Microvessel density (MVD) and the clinicopathological characteristics.Method: 59 biopsy paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma,45 dysplasia adjacent to tumous and 36 appearance-normal epitherial adjacent to tumous from those 59 specimens were examined for the expression of COX-2 and MVD in 59 tongue carcinoma by immunohistochemistry.Result: The overexpression rate of COX-2 was 8.3% for normal epitherial(NE), 4.5% or mild dysplasia(MD), 5.0% for moderate dysplasia(MoD), 0 for severe dysplasia(SD), and 45.8% for squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), respectively. There was significant difference in the expression of COX-2 between normal epitherial and squamous cell carcinoma. Overexpression of COX-2 correlated well with the pathological grading of the lesions. There were no significant differences in expression of COX-2 in patients with age、sex、histological differentiaton、lymphatic metastasis and TNM staging; the expression of MVD did not also correlate with the expression of COX-2.Conclusion: COX-2 may play important role in the carcinogenesis of tongue and may act as the molecular target in the chemoprevention of tongue carcinoma.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the deadliest malignant tumor in women with a poor prognosis due to drug resistance and lack of prediction tools for therapeutic responses to anti- cancer drugs.
The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility and safety of vena cava filter (VCF) placement via percutaneous puncture of the great saphenous vein (GSV) in the prevention of pulmonary embolisms. Using ultrasound positioning, VCF placement via percutaneous puncture of the GSV was performed on 12 patients with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the lower extremities. Transcatheter thrombolysis was conducted simultaneously. The postoperative filter position, puncture wound recovery and fluency of the GSV were observed. All filters were successfully released, with accurate positioning. No hematoma was observed at the puncture point during the perioperative period. In certain patients, local petechiae appeared around the puncture point during the thrombolysis period, which did not require special treatment. Re-examination using ultrasound revealed unobstructed blood flow in the GSV. VCF placement via percutaneous puncture of the GSV is a new filter placement method. The feasibility and safety of this method for the prevention of pulmonary embolisms has been demonstrated in a small number of sample cases.
Objective To observe the effect of combined bovine amnion and rb-bFGF on second-degree burn wound.Methods Forty-three patients with small-to medium-area thermal burn were included in this study.The experimental area was1%-2%.The wound of the same nature in each patient was divided into three parts which were respectively treated with perforated bovine amnion(treatment group),bovine amnion(control group 1) and vaseline gauze dressing(control group 2) by combination of rb-bFGF. Results Compared with the control 1 and 2,the wound healing duration of second-degree deep burns in treatment group was significantly shortened(F=25.36;q=7.25,3.46;P0.01).For the superficial burns,the wound healing duration in the treatment group was shorten than control group 2(F=12.29,q=5.21,P0.01),but no significant difference was noted as compared with control group 1(q=2.60,P0.05). Conclusion The combination of perforated bovine amnion and rbbFGF can obviously promote the healing of burn wounds.
Context: Exposure to phosgene can result in an acute lung injury, leading to pulmonary edema and even death. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) is a critical factor for vascular stabilization due to its ability to reduce endothelial permeability and inflammation.Objective: In this study, the histopathological changes of the lungs after exposure to phosgene and the effect of Ang1 treatment were examined.Materials and methods: Rats were exposed to phosgene gas at 8.33 g/m3 for 5 min. Ang1 overexpressing rats were established by an intravenous injection of adenovirus-Ang1 (Ad/Ang1). The histological changes of the lung were examined by Haematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining and fluorescence microscopy. The inferior lobe was used for the determination of the ratio of wet weight to dry weight of the lung. The concentration of cytokines in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results: The pathological analysis showed signs of inflammation and edema, evident from a significant increase in the number of leukocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and the ratio of wet to dry weight of the lungs. The lung injury induced by phosgene was markedly reduced after the injection of Ad/Ang1. The increase of IL-1β and IL-17 and decrease of vascular endothelial growth factor in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of phosgene-exposed animals were abolished by the administration of Ad/Ang1.Discussion and conclusions: Ang1 has the beneficial effects on phosgene-induced lung injury. The adenovirus-delivered Ang1 may have the potential as a novel approach for the treatment of the acute lung injury caused by phosgene gas inhalation in humans.
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration has been proven to be a critical event in the development of varicosity. Variations in estrogen levels, a pathological event related to age and pregnancy, play a role in the pathogenesis of varicosity. Previous studies have reported a different response of VSMCs following estrogen stimulation. However, the exact mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated. In the present study, we examined the responses of lesion and normal VSMCs treated with 10(-8) M 17β-estradiol (E2) for 24 h. A differential effect of exposure to E2 was observed in these cells. IQ-domain GTPase-activating protein 1 (IQGAP1), a scaffold protein, was overexpressed in the lesion VSMCs and was shown to modulate VSMC proliferation and migration in response to E2. Furthermore, the increased expression of IQGAP1 was found to be intimately associated with a high activity of estrogen receptor α (ERα), which has been implicated in the regulation of VSMC physiological function. Additionally, we found that two critical kinases, Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), mediated the activation of ERα and VSMC proliferation. According to our results, we thus concluded that high levels of IQGAP1 in VSMCs regulate the physiological reaction of the cells in response to estrogen exposure, and that kinases are involved in the process by mediating ERα activation. In view of the essential role of IQGAP1 in the physiological function of VSMCs, targeting this molecule may prove to be a promising strategy for the treatment of varicosity.
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer‑associated mortality in females worldwide and evidence suggests that human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection may be implicated in the progress of breast cancer. HCMV glycoprotein B (gB) is the most abundant envelope protein and serves an important role in host cell entry. The present study aimed to clarify the role of HCMV gB in breast cancer cells. A HCMV gB construct (UL55) was generated and stable vUL55 gene lentivirus‑transfected MDA‑MB‑231 cells were established. Subsequently, the effect of HCMV gB on the apoptosis and proliferation of MDA‑MB‑231 cells was measured by flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay. Furthermore, whether HCMV gB may modulate MDA‑MB‑231 cell migration was examined using Transwell and cell scratch assays. In addition, alterations in HCMV gB‑modulated protein levels of transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) and Mothers against decapentaplegic homologs 2/3 (Smad2/3) were detected using western blot analysis. The results indicated that UL55 cDNA was stably transfected into MDA‑MB‑231 cells, and that HCMV gB protein was stably expressed. No significant differences in cell apoptosis and proliferation between transfected (231‑GB‑OE) and negative control (231‑NC) cells were observed, while the rate of cell migration was significantly decreased in the 231‑GB‑OE cells compared with the 231‑NC cells. Additionally, the expression level of TGF‑β and phosphorylation level of Smad2/3 were also decreased in 231‑GB‑OE cells compared with the 231‑NC cells. Although certain previous studies indicated that HCMV infection was associated with breast carcinogenesis, the results of the present study indicate that the envelope protein HCMV gB exhibits no effect on cell apoptosis and proliferation, but inhibits breast cancer cell migration. This may be due to downregulated TGF‑β/Smad signaling. Taken together, these studies may assist in developing anti‑TGF‑β agents that contribute to tumor suppression.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common malignant tumors, accounting for 20% of total tumors ranked first in males. PCa is usually asymptomatic at the early stage and the specificity of the current biomarkers for the detection of PCa is low. The present study evaluates circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in blood or urine, which can be used as biomarkers of PCa and the combination of these markers may increase the sensitivity and specificity of the detection of PCa.Tissue, blood, and urine samples were collected from patients with PCa. All prostate tissue specimens underwent pathological examination. A hybrid-capture-based next-generation sequencing assay was used for plasma and urinary ctDNA profiling. Sequencing data were analyzed by an in-house pipeline for mutation calling. Mutational profiles of PCa and BPH were compared in both plasma and urine samples. Associations of detected mutations and clinical characteristics were statistically analyzed.A significant association of mutation allele frequencies (MAFs) in the blood samples with patients with metastatic PCa rather than patients with primary PCa, and MAFs are changed after treatment in patients with PCa. Further, the number of mutations in urine is not associated with clinical characteristics of PCa patients, but the frequencies of mutation alleles in the urine are associated with patient age. Comparison of cfDNA aberration profiles between urine and blood reveals more alterations in urine than in blood, including TP53, AR, ATM, MYC, and SPOP mutations.This work provides the potential clinical application of urine, in addition to blood, as a powerful and convenient non-invasive approach in personalized medicine for patients with PCa.
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