Objective
To investigate the effects of early mobilization therapy on gastrointestinal function and respiratory mechanics in mechanical ventilation patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Methods
A prospective randomized controlled study was used. Eighty-five patients with COPD who had stable hemodynamics and required invasive mechanical ventilation from January to December 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into treatment group with 43 cases and control group with 42 cases according to the random number table method. The patients in both groups received conventional basic treatment, but the treatment group received early mobilization therapy. The conditions of acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI), incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), duration of mechanical ventilation, 28-day mortality and respiratory mechanics indexes before and after treatment including airway resistance (Raw), lung dynamic compliance (Cd), lung static compliance (Cs), intrinsic positive end expiratory pressure (PEEPi) were compared between 2 groups.
Results
There were no statistical difference in Raw, Cd, Cs and PEEPi before treatment between 2 groups (P>0.05). The PEEPi and Raw after treatment in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group: (6.51 ± 1.46) cmH2O (1 cmH2O= 0.098 kPa) vs. (7.30 ± 1.61) cmH2O and (19.23 ± 2.62) cmH2O/(L·s) vs. (20.54 ± 2.50) cmH2O/(L·s), the Cs and Cd were significantly higher than those in control group: (53.14 ± 5.07) ml/cmH2O vs. (49.16 ± 5.10) ml/cmH2O and (26.63 ± 3.28) ml/cmH2O vs. (24.54 ± 1.97) ml/cmH2O, and there were statistical differences (P 0.05).
Conclusions
The incidence of AGI in mechanical ventilation patients with COPD is high. Early mobilization therapy can reduce the incidence and duration of AGI in mechanically ventilated patients with COPD, and reduce airway resistance, increase Cd and Cs, reduce PEEPi, improve respiratory function, shorten mechanical ventilation time, and reduce the incidence of VAP, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
Key words:
Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Respiration, artificial; Exercise therapy; Respiratory mechanics; Prospective studies
Glufosinate (Glu), a broad-spectrum and highly effective non-selective herbicide, behaves typical chiral features to target organisms. However, the information on the enantioselective toxicity of DL-Glu and L-Glu against non-target organisms is still limited especially at environmental concentrations. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism accounting for the enantioselective cytotoxicity of Glu based on cell cycle and apoptosis. Results showed that DL-Glu and L-Glu had no suppression on cell viability at 10-5 M, however, SH-SY5Y cells were significantly arrested at G1/G0 phase after L-Glu exposure compared with DL-Glu. The apoptosis assay exhibited an increase in late apoptosis cells and decrease in viable cells for DL-Glu and L-Glu treatment. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated that alterations in transcription translation and signal transduction including “calcium signaling pathway”, “Wnt signaling pathway”, “FoxO signaling pathway” were the possible pathways responsible for Glu induced enantioselectivity in cell cycle and apoptosis. Interestingly, the Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) also revealed the probable association between DL-Glu exposure and degenerative diseases. Data presented here remind that we should not only be wary of the use of pesticide racemates, but also be cautious for the application and promotion of single- or enriched-isomer pesticides.
To compare apoptosis gene expression profiling of U937 cells in suspension culture with that cultivated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and find out the relationship between drug resistance of leukemia cells and hemopoietic microenvironment.U937 cells were cultivated in adhesion culture with MSCs and in suspension culture for 48 hours. Cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry and gene expression profiling by cDNA microarray.Compared with that in suspension, G(0)/G(1) fraction of U937 cells increased in adhesion culture (45.3 +/- 3.1)% vs (32.6 +/- 2.1)%, respectively (P < 0.05), whereas G(2)/M fraction and apoptosis rate were decreased. After 48 h twenty-eight differential expression genes were screened out in 487 apoptosis-related genes, among which 27 were up-regulated and were mainly apoptosis-suppressor genes, apoptosis-promoter genes, cell cycle positive control genes and cell cycle negative control genes. But Bcl-XL was up-regulated most obviously. The only one gene down-regulated was an apoptosis promoter gene.Adhesion culture with MSCs can lead to growth suppression and decrease natural apoptosis of U937 cells. The mechanism was multiple gene effects, but Bcl-XL may be of the most importance.
Objective Vaccination is effective tool for preventing and controlling SARS-CoV-2 infections, and inactivated vaccines are the most widely used type of vaccine. In order to identify antibody-binding peptide epitopes that can distinguish between individuals who have been vaccinated and those who have been infected, this study aimed to compare the immune responses of vaccinated and infected individuals. Methods SARS-CoV-2 peptide microarrays were used to assess the differences between 44 volunteers inoculated with the inactivated virus vaccine BBIBP-CorV and 61 patients who were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Clustered heatmaps were used to identify differences between the two groups in antibody responses to peptides such as M1, N24, S15, S64, S82, S104, and S115. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to determine whether a combined diagnosis with S15, S64, and S104 could effectively distinguish infected patients from vaccinated individuals. Results Our findings showed that the specific antibody responses against S15, S64, and S104 peptides were stronger in vaccinators than in infected persons, while responses to M1, N24, S82, and S115 were weaker in asymptomatic patients than in symptomatic patients. Additionally, two peptides (N24 and S115) were found to correlate with the levels of neutralizing antibodies. Conclusion Our results suggest that antibody profiles specific to SARS-CoV-2 can be used to distinguish between vaccinated individuals and those who are infected. The combined diagnosis with S15, S64, and S104 was found to be more effective in distinguishing infected patients from those who have been vaccinated than the diagnosis using individual peptides. Moreover, the specific antibody responses against the N24 and S115 peptides were found to be consistent with the changing trend of neutralizing antibodies.
Abstract Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common inflammatory arthritis in the world, but its underlying mechanism is still unclear. The present study aims to screen and verify the potential biomarkers of RA. Methods: We searched the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for synovial expression profiling from different RA microarray studies to perform a systematic analysis. Functional annotation of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was conducted, including GO enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis. The protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks of the DEGs were constructed based on data from the STRING database. The expression levels of the hub genes in normal membranes and RA synovium were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot system. Results: A total of 444 differential expression genes were identified, including 172 up-regulated and 272 down-regulated genes in RA synovium compared with normal controls. The top ten hub genes; protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type C (PTPRC), LCK proto-oncogene (LCK), cell division cycle 20 (CDC20), Jun proto-oncogene (JUN), cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), kinesin family member 11 (KIF11), epidermal growth factor receptor (epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), mitotic arrest deficient 2 like 1 (MAD2L1), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) were identified from the PPI network, and the expression level of VEGFA and EGFR was significantly increased in RA membranes (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that the hub genes VEGFA and EGFR may have essential effects during the development of RA and can be used as potential biomarkers of RA.
An experimental scale, closed recirculating water nursery system was established for culture of bivalve mollusc seed from Argopecten irradians and Ruditapes philippinarum with the aims of maximizing efficiency, minimizing energy costs,ease of maintenance and operational stability. The paper reports results from this trial. Seed scallop growth and survival rates of Argopecten irradians were higher in the closed recirculating water system than in conventional pond production system. Results from Ruditapes philippinarum were the most promising in the new system, with survival rates of seed as high as 50.0%, 65 7% and 33 3% at different stocking densities of 10 ind/ml, 20 ind/ml, 30 ind/ml and a conventional pond production system of 42 9%,7 5%,10 7%, respectively. Results indicate that this may be a suitable mechanism to optimize stability of the nursery system.
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