Heterotopic ossification is the formation of bone tissue at an abnormal site. The ossification of soft tissue outside the skeletal system can occur anywhere and can be found in mucosal tissues. This is the first case report of an osteoma mucosalis affecting the nail bed. We also reviewed the heterotopic ossification and calcification of cutaneous and mucosal sites in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.
Acne is a common disease that is more common in adolescents, with more than 80% of the cases and 5% of older people experiencing it. Approximately 14% of the cases have psychological and social consequences for the individual. The main types of acne scars, which include icepick, rolling, and boxcar are discussed in this article. This classification system for acne scar enables the physician to identify precisely the subtypes of the wound. After defining the type of wound, appropriate and effective treatment protocols can be developed. There are numerous treatments for acne scar, the most important of which are discussed in this article.
Viral skin diseases range from simple superficial exanthems to complex systemic diseases, affecting people of all ages. Careful assessment of infectious contacts and immunization status is of considerable importance along with a thorough physical examination. Recent research has linked a deficiency of vitamin D to an increased risk of autoimmune, infectious, and atopic disorders. Intralesional vitamin D3 may be an effective treatment option for warts. Vitamin D3 derivatives are effective for various skin conditions, including psoriasis, transient acantholytic dermatosis, actinic porokeratosis, and keratosis palmaris et plantaris. Vitamin D3 treatment has been shown to decrease chemokine synthesis and monocyte trafficking, as well as to downregulate toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 of monocytes. This suggests an association between TLRs and vitamin-D-mediated innate immunity. The effect of vitamin D derivatives was speculated to be derived from its potential to regulate epidermal cell proliferation and differentiation and to modulate cytokine production. According to some studies gathered here, not only we can use different forms of vitamin D as therapy for viral skin disease, but also there is an important relationship between them. Therefore, we should consider the serum level of vitamin D for better management of these disorders. Also, keeping vitamin D levels within the normal range may be a preventative healthcare strategy.
Introduction:Internship is a crucial period of the general medicine doctorate that plays a key role in shaping the basic skills and professional abilities of medical students and is a major part of the educational programs in this field.It is also essential in better preparing medical students for their future professional roles.Clinical evaluation and the use of methods capable of measuring the skills, competencies, and abilities of students are of special importance.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the internship training course on the diagnosis of common skin diseases using the computer-assisted assessment method (CAA). Method:In this pre-experimental study, one-group pre-and post-testing were performed, and the efficacy of the internship training course on the skill of diagnosing common skin diseases was investigated among the interns of the dermatology department of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital, Tehran, Iran, from October 2018 to March 2020.To conduct this study, a Computer-Assisted-Assessment (CAA) test in the form of a PowerPoint presentation consisting of typical images of 25 common skin diseases at the time of entry and also a similar test of typical but different and cluttered images of the same 25 common skin diseases was performed on the last day of each internship course, and the interns recorded the diagnosis of the diseases displayed on the answer sheet during a fixed period of time.Then, the pre-and post-testing information was recorded during the consecutive periods of the interns' presence in the dermatology department.This information included the exam scores, age, sex, marital status, months of internship, year of entering the university, being an international campus student, and month of completing the internship period.After analyzing the data, the effectiveness of the training received during the internship period was assessed.Results: In this study, 252 medical students with an average age of 25.35 ± 2.0 years were investigated.Among the participants, 32 people (12.7%) were international campus students, and 220 people (87.3%) were non-campus students.Also, 56 students were married (22.2%), and 196 participants (77.8%) were single.The average score of interns before the course was 8.19±2.6,and after the course was 19.39±3.4,and the difference between them was significant (P<0.001).Also, the mean difference between the scores before and after the training course was 11.19 +/-2.1 and the scores of all participants in the study increased after the training course, which ranged from 3 to 17 scores.Pre-and post-course scores in single people were significantly higher compared to married people (P<0.001 for both).However, there was no significant difference between mean grade changes of pre-and post-course scores in single and married people (P=0.092).Also, pre-and post-course grades and grade changes in the international campus students were significantly lower than other interns (P<0.001).On the other hand, there was a significant relationship between being an international campus student and grades before the course (P=.005), grades after the course (P<0.001), and grade changes (P<0.001). Conclusion:Our results showed that the internship training course of the dermatology department of Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital would efficiently increase the ability to diagnose common skin diseases by interns.This study also showed that the pre-course and post-course scores and their changes in international campus students are significantly lower compared to other students.Also, older age and being married reduce the pre-course and post-course scores in interns compared to others.
Abstract Background Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells derived from adipose tissue and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) are among novel treatments for androgenetic alopecia (AGA). We aimed to investigate the effect of adding SVF to PRP and compare it to administering PRP injection alone. Methods Eighteen patients were randomly divided into two groups of nine. The PRP group was treated with PRP at all three visits at 1‐month intervals, while the SVF‐PRP group received an SVF injection on the first visit and a PRP injection on the second and third visits. Each group was evaluated at baseline and 20 weeks after the therapy's initiation. Results Changes in mean hair diameter and hair count compared to baseline were significant in both groups. The PRP group experienced a greater increase in mean hair count than the SVF‐PRP group, and the SVF‐PRP group had a marginally greater increase in hair diameter than the PRP group. These differences were not statistically significant compared to each other. The patient and physician assessment scores exceeded the mean (on a scale from 0: poor to 3: excellent) in both groups. Conclusion Adding one SVF injection to two PRP treatment sessions versus three PRP injections alone had no significant difference in evaluated variables. If additional research demonstrates the same results, we suggest that multiple SVF injection sessions may be required to produce a statistically significant difference compared to PRP injection alone. Moreover, considering lower cost and greater accessibility of PRP, it can be used before SVF in the treatment of AGA.
Background and Objective: Hair whitening is among important cosmetic problems in both genders but more annoying between women which necessitates more research about hair repigmenting methods or probable therapeutic drugs. The objective of this research was to review the mechanisms of hair pigmentation as well as the drug-related hair repigmentation. Methods: In this review article, we searched PubMed, Medline and Google scholar databases and reviewed all related articles in this area (hair repigmentation) since the reversal of canities has been an important cosmetic concern many years ago. Results: No reports of changes of hair color have been identified with lamivudine in the present research. Herein can be reported as the first case of hair repigmentation following the use of lamivudine. Conclusion: We reported a case of hair pigmentation with lamivudine for the first time that could be a desirable drug-induced side effect, also review all related articles about hair repigmention or reversal of canities. By research on probable mechanisms of drug-induced hair repigmentation, we may achieve a therapeutic strategy of hair graying as an important and highly prevalent cosmetic concern. Keywords: Lamivudine; hair repigmentation; reversal canities; drug-induced, review
Abstract Background Melasma is a common hyperpigmentation disorder. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of Nd‐Yag fractional 1064 plus microinjection of tranexamic acid versus Nd‐Yag fractional 1064 plus oral tranexamic acid in patients with melasma. Materials and methods This is a prospective, randomized study with a sample size of 40 patients, 20 in each treatment arm, which was done six times with 2‐week intervals. Twenty patients were administered localized microinjections (4 mg/ml) of tranexamic acid and Q‐switched 1064 laser every 2 weeks in one arm, while in the other arm, 20 were given oral tranexamic acid 250 mg three times a day and Q‐switched 1064 laser every 2 weeks per visit. Results Twenty‐one patients with mean SD 40.52+‐4.95 y/o were treated with oral tranexamic acid, and 20 patients with 43.3+‐5.87 y/o treated with microinjection of tranexamic acid were analyzed. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of demographic and clinical characteristics at the baseline ( p > 0.05). The patients MASI score and ∆E decrease over the study period in both treatments significantly ( p < 0.001). However, patient's MASI score ( p = 0.99) and ∆E ( p = 0.53) did not differ significant between the two group over the time. Satisfaction ( p = 0.41) and complication during the study period ( p = 0.09) were not significantly different between the two group. Conclusion The combination treatment method can be a viable option for Middle Eastern patients having melasma disorder, and tranexamic acid appears to be an effective and safe treatment for melasma, irrespective of its route of administration. Tranexamic acid can increase the permeability locally by non‐invasive methods such as microneedling which is less painful than microinjection and can also increase patient satisfaction. Although the oral method is more tolerable for the patient, it may have systemic side effects, and its combination with Q‐switch laser increases its effect regardless of the type of prescription. Therefore, it is recommended to use of this drug topically (cream or lotion) by non‐invasive methods like microneedling to reduce pain and laser treatment in future studies.
Chickenpox depressed scars lot of reviews depressed scars prevalence, the This review pr varicella skin s scar treatment u The results wer invasive proce subcision-sucti According to li scar, revealing other modalitie
'%3e%3cg id='e'%3e%3cg id='c' fill='none' stroke='%23fff' stroke-width='2'%3e%3cpath id='b' d='M0 1h26M1 10V5h8v4h8V5h-5M4 9h2m20 0h-5V5h8m0-5v9h8V0m-4 0v9' transform='scale(1.4)'/%3e%3cpath id='a' d='M0 7h9m1 0h9' transform='scale(2.8)'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23a' y='120'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23b' y='145.2'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg id='d'%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' x='56'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' x='112'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23c' x='168'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23d' x='168'/%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23e' x='392'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cg fill='%23da0000' transform='matrix(45 0 0 45 315 180)'%3e%3cg id='f'%3e%3cpath d='M-.548.836A.912.912 0 0 0 .329-.722 1 1 0 0 1-.548.836'/%3e%3cpath d='M.618.661A.764.764 0 0 0 .422-.74 1 1 0 0 1 .618.661M0 1l-.05-1L0-.787a.31.31 0 0 0 .118.099V-.1l-.04.993zM-.02-.85 0-.831a.144.144 0 0 0 .252-.137A.136.136 0 0 1 0-.925'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3cuse xlink:href='%23f' transform='scale(-1 1)'/%3e%3c/g%3e%3c/svg%3e)