Dosimetric parameters such as efficiency of bremsstrahlung, probability of energy loss of beta during bremsstrahlung production, intensity and dose rate of high, medium and low-energy beta-emitting therapeutic radionuclides in different tissues of human organs are computed. These parameters are lower in adipose tissue than all other studied tissues. The efficiency, intensity and dose rate of bremsstrahlung increases with maximum energy of the beta nuclide (Emax) and modified atomic number (Zmod) of the target tissue. The estimated bremsstrahlung efficiency, intensity and dose rate are useful in the calculations of photon track-length distributions. These parameters are useful to determine the quality and quantity of the bremsstrahlung radiation (known as the source term). Precise estimation of this source term is very important in planning for radiotherapy and diagnosis.
Background: The bioactive constituents from Zingiber officinale have shown a positive effect against neurodegenerative diseases like alzheimer’s disease (AD) that manifests as progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. By coupling enormous available photochemical data and advanced computational technologies, the possible molecular mechanism of action of these bioactive compounds was deciphered by evaluating phytochemicals, target fishing, and network biological analysis. Experimental Methods: As a result, 175 bioactive compounds and 264 human target proteins were identified. The gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis and molecular docking were used to predict the basis of vital bioactive compounds and biomolecular mechanisms involved in the treatment of AD. Results: The systematic topological analysis of the bioactive compound-target protein network resulted in identifying nine essential bioactive compounds (10-Gingerdione, 1-dehydro-[8]-gingerdione, perillene, farnesol, isovanillin, zingiberone, gingerdione, gingerenon-B, isoeugenol-methyl-ether), which are found active against the top 10 target human proteins (APP, AKT1, CHRM1, PRKCD, TTR, SRC, S1PR3, MAPK3, EP300 and RELA). Amongst selected bioactive compounds, 10-Gingerdione and 1-dehydro-[8]-gingerdione exhibited significant anti-neurological property against AD targeting amyloid precursor protein with a binding affinity of -6.0 and -5.6, respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that 10-Gingerdione and 1-dehydro-[8]-gingerdione strongly modulates anti-neurological activity and are associated with pathological features like amyloid-β plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau protein are found to be critically regulated by these two target proteins. This comprehensive analysis provides a clue for further investigation of these natural compound’s inhibitory activity in drug discovery for AD treatment.
Abstract It is a well known fact that conductivity in case of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) is due to hopping of ions assisted by the segmental motion of polymer chains. It is observed that the ionic conductivity in SPEs increases with increase in the concentration of ions. After certain critical concentration the conductivity starts decreasing due to the formation of ion pairs. In this work, an attempt is made to identify the concentration at which ion pair formation occurs and hence improve conductivity by incorporating two different ions (salts) in the polymer matrix. SPEs with mixed conducting species PEO x LiBr y NaBr with different concentration of salts have been prepared and investigated. Also an attempt is made to modify the crystalline phase of the host polymer by low energy ion beam (Oxygen ion, O +1 with energy 100 keV) irradiation. These observations place ion irradiation as an effective tool in improving ionic conductivity in SPEs. Using X-ray diffraction spectra and the temperature dependent conductivity studies of SPEs, the effect of mixed ions and ion irradiation on the ionic conductivity of SPEs is investigated and presented.
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