Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Bisherige Interventionen zur Reduzierung gesellschaftlicher Gewichtsdiskriminierung haben wenig Erfolg gezeigt; die Arbeit mit Betroffenen wird zunehmend fokussiert. Methode Pilotierung einer Intervention zur Reduktion des internalisierten gewichtsbedingten Stigmas mit sechs wöchentlichen Gruppensitzungen (N=14 Teilnehmer*innen) zu zwei Messzeitpunkten mit den Endpunkten Stigmatisierung, Diskriminierung, depressive Symptome, Essverhalten, Stresssituationen, Haarcortisolanalyse und Bewältigungsstrategien. Ergebnisse Hohe Reduktion der depressiven Symptomatik, hohe allgemeine Zufriedenheit, geringe Auswirkungen auf die Wahrnehmung von Diskriminierung und kleine Veränderungen im Haarcortisol. Besonders effektiv bei Teilnehmer*innen mit erhöhter Stigma Internalisierung. Schlussfolgerung Intervention zeigte eine Tendenz besonders effektiv bei Teilnehmer*innen mit einem hohen Grad an Internalisierung zu sein. Eine Etablierung von verhaltensbezogenen Interventionen zur Gewichtsabnahme kann vielversprechend sein.
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Objective The Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is a self-report instrument assessing the specific psychopathology and key behaviors of eating disorders. This study sought to determine the prevalence of eating disturbances, and to provide psychometric properties and norms of the EDE-Q, in a representative German population sample. Methods A total of 2520 individuals (1166 men, 1354 women) were assessed with the EDE-Q. Results Eating disorder psychopathology was higher and most key behaviors were more prevalent in women than in men. Psychopathology declined with age ≥65 in both sexes, and showed a peak at age 55–64 in men. Overall, 5.9% of the women and 1.5% of the men revealed eating disturbances. The prevalence of eating disturbances decreased with age in women and was significantly higher in obese than in normal-weight individuals. Psychometric analyses showed favorable item characteristics. Internal consistencies of EDE-Q composite scores were ≥.80 for women and ≥.70 for men. The factor structure of the EDE-Q was partially reproduced. Sex- and age-specific population norms are reported. Discussion This study provides population norms of the EDE-Q for both sexes and across the age range, demonstrates demographic variations in symptomatology, and reveals satisfactory psychometric properties. Further research is warranted on eating disturbances in older adults.
Binge eating disorder (BED) is a prevalent clinical eating disorder associated with increased psychopathology, psychiatric comorbidity, overweight and obesity, and increased health care costs. Since its inclusion in the DSM-IV, a few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have suggested efficacy of book-based self-help interventions in the treatment of this disorder. However, evidence from larger RCTs is needed. Delivery of self-help through new technologies such as the internet should be investigated in particular, as these approaches have the potential to be more interactive and thus more attractive to patients than book-based approaches. This study will evaluate the efficacy of an internet-based guided self-help program (GSH-I) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which has been proven in several studies to be the gold standard treatment for BED, in a prospective multicenter randomized trial. The study assumes the noninferiority of GSH-I compared to CBT. Both treatments lasted 4 months, and maintenance of outcome will be assessed 6 and 18 months after the end of treatment. A total of 175 patients with BED and a body mass index between 27 and 40 kg/m2 were randomized at 7 centers in Germany and Switzerland. A 20% attrition rate was assumed. As in most BED treatment trials, the difference in the number of binge eating days over the past 28 days is the primary outcome variable. Secondary outcome measures include the specific eating disorder psychopathology, general psychopathology, body weight, quality of life, and self-esteem. Predictors and moderators of treatment outcome will be determined, and the cost-effectiveness of both treatment conditions will be evaluated. The methodology for the INTERBED study has been detailed. Although there is evidence that CBT is the first-line treatment for BED, it is not widely available. As BED is still a recent diagnostic category, many cases likely remain undiagnosed, and a large number of patients either receive delayed treatment or never get adequate treatment. A multicenter efficacy trial will give insight into the efficacy of a new internet-based guided self-help program and will allow a direct comparison to the evidence-based gold standard treatment of CBT in Germany. Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN40484777 German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00000409
Einleitung Essstörungen entwickeln sich im Laufe der Adoleszenz, aber es ist nach wie vor unklar, mit welchen Verläufen sie sich über verschiedene Kernmerkmale hinweg manifestieren.
