Basal plane
Orbital magnetization
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Single domain
Orbital magnetization
Domain wall (magnetism)
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Tetragonal crystal system
Metamagnetism
Orbital magnetization
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Citations (57)
Orbital magnetization
Crystal (programming language)
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A permanent vertical magnetization should be obtained to counteract induced vertical magnetization due to the earth's background field during the Flash D demagnetization process. A vertical susceptibility is needed to calculate a extra-permanent magnetization, which is needed to control the permanent vertical magnetization in stage 2 of Flash D demagnetization and added to the final vertical permanent magnetization. Two susceptibilities were found in this paper. One is obtained from the extra-magnetization. The other is obtained by magnetic field measurement from the scaled physical vessel when the vessel is excited by vertical magnetic field. The initial susceptibility by the extra-magnetization was 0.101~0.109 and the one from the measured magnetic field was 0.122. Two susceptibilities have a good agreement each other. From this paper, it is found that the susceptibility is able to appllied to calculate the extr-magnetization.
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Stoner–Wohlfarth model
Orbital magnetization
Single domain
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Citations (29)
The magnetic method is the most promising method that can be used to inspect large areas of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Magnetization is a crucial process in this method. The paper aims to present the impact of the magnetization method on the results in the detection of reinforced bars (rebars) and the evaluation of concrete cover thickness in reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Three cases (without magnetization, same pole magnetization, and opposite pole magnetization) were considered in the experiments. Results achieved in all the methods are presented and evaluated. Two different sensing elements were used in the measurements: a magneto-optical (MO) sensor and an AMR sensor. The advantages and disadvantages of both mentioned transducers are presented and discussed in the context of a large areas inspection. The new approach involves using various magnetization methods to improve measurement results for complex structures.
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Orbital magnetization
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Critical field
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Five characteristic temperatures of TM = 148 K, TN = 142 K, Tt = 138 K, Tf ~ 125 K and Tg ~ 50 K were found by the measurements of the magnetization curves at various temperature. The spontaneous magnetization appears below TM. It increases up to Ms ≃ 2 × 10−4 μB at Tt and then decreases steeply below Tt, which qualitatively agrees with the temperature dependence of magnetization obtained under field-cooling (FC) condition. On the other hand, the slope of the magnetization curve, namely the magnetic susceptibility, drops below TN, which coincides with the temperature dependence of magnetization obtained under zero-FC condition, although the magnetization curves were obtained under FC condition. The temperature dependence of the spontaneous magnetization shows a minimum at Tf and a drop at Tg although there is no anomaly in the temperature dependence of FC or ZFC magnetization.
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