[The relationship of the inferior mesenteric vein with arteries].
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Abstract:
The investigation was based on the results of roentgen-anatomical study of 155 digestive tract complexes obtained from 155 cadavers of humans of both genders aged 17-90 years. It was established that in 91% (in 141 of 155) of the cases the trunk of the inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) was accompanied by the arteries only in the lower part (by inferior mesenteric artery) and in the middle part (by the left colic artery). The terminal part of IMV was separated from the artery. In 9% of (in 14 of 155) cases the trunk of the IMV is accompanied along the whole extent by different arteries (from down upwards): by inferior mesenteric artery and left colic artery from inferior mesenteric artery, and in its terminal part either by an additional anastomosis between the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries (in 5 of 14 cases), or by an additional anastomosis between superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and the branch or trunk of the proximal colic artery from the superior mesenteric artery (in 9 of 14 cases).Keywords:
Inferior mesenteric artery
Mesenteric arteries
Inferior mesenteric vein
Left gastric artery
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Abstract A thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric arteries and their variants is necessary to accomplish a successful, uncomplicated abdominal operation. We examined the anatomy of these arteries in situ in 50 adult cadavers. The classic anatomic description of the celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric arteries was each confirmed in only 24%, 22%, and 16% of the cadavers, respectively. This infrequent occurrence of the textbook picture was due to the presence of one or more variants in 94% resulting from differences in arterial origin and spatial relationship. A left hepatic artery of left gastric artery origin was found in 20%. A right or common hepatic artery of superior mesenteric artery origin was observed in 14% and 6%, respectively. Of equal frequency to the classic pattern of the superior mesenteric artery was that in which the ileocolic artery arose separately and the right and middle colic arteries arose via a common trunk. The most common pattern of the inferior mesenteric artery was a left colic and a sigmoid artery arising from a common trunk with a second sigmoid artery from the inferior mesenteric artery in 28%. The embryologic basis, frequency in the literature, and clinical relevance of these variants are discussed.
Inferior mesenteric artery
Mesenteric arteries
Celiac artery
Clinical Significance
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Circulation (fluid dynamics)
Aortic surgery
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<p><strong>Objective</strong>. The appearance of a middle mesenteric artery is a rare branching variation, with an incidence lower than 0.1%. Our case reports such an anatomical artery pattern which was discovered in a male Caucasian cadaver during routine educational dissection. This alternation is seldom encountered and may trouble diagnostic and surgical interventions.</p><p><strong>Case Report.</strong> The case of a Middle Mesenteric Artery is described, as a vessel originating from the Abdominal Aorta 3.3 cm below the origin of the Superior Mesenteric and 3.8 cm above the origin of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery. The middle mesenteric artery, directed upwards, gives two branches for supplying blood to the head of the pancreas. We first mention the thinner branch, corresponding to the posterior one of the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery, and second the thicker branch corresponding to the anterior branch of the Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery. The main artery continues its course between the two sheets of the mesocolon to supply the transverse colon, thus substituting the normal colic artery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion. </strong>The occurrence of a Middle Mesenteric Artery constitutes a very rare anatomic variation. We present, to our knowledge, the first case described where the Middle Mesenteric Artery provides blood to the pancreas.</p>
Inferior mesenteric artery
Transverse colon
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Knowledge of inferior mesenteric arteries is essential for surgical and radiological procedures. AIM: To study the origin, course, branches and variations of inferior mesenteric arteries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 50 human cadavers by dissection method. RESULT: Inferior mesenteric artery arose from aorta in all 50 cases. Left colic artery arose from IMA in all 50 cases. Sigmoid arteries arose either directly from IMA or as sigmoid trunk in common with LCA or separately from IMA
Inferior mesenteric artery
Mesenteric arteries
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Inferior mesenteric artery
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Inferior mesenteric artery
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The origin, branching and distribution of the superior mesenteric artery were observed on 100 Chinese adult cadavers. The average level of the origin of the superior mesenteric artery lay on the middle third of the body of the first lumbar vertebra. The distance between the origins of the superior mesenteric artery and the coeliac artery and the diameter of the superior mesenteric artery were measured. The superior mesenteric artery usually gave off two (47％) or three (39％) colic branches. The relationships of the origin of each colic branch, originating directly from the superior mesenteric artery, to the third part of duodenum or the head of pancreas and also to the origins of the intestinal arteries were observed. The extent of distribution of each colic branch was estimated. Most of the superior mesenteric arteries (82％) did not distribute so far as the left colic flexure. The pattern of branching of the ileocolic artery may be divided into four types. The symmetrical and ansal types were the prevailing types, they were present in 45.26％ and 42.11％ respectively. Nearly half of the appendicular arteries (45.56％) arose from the ileocolic artery, about 34.44％ appendicular arteries arose from the ileocolic ansa. Usually the appendicular artery was the first branch of the ileocolic trunk. The superior mesenteric artery gave off 15.9 intestinal branches in average. In 76％ cases, the inferior pancreatic-duodenal artery and the first intestinal artery originated from a common trunk and this trunk usually arose from the posterior aspect of the superior mesenteric artery. We found that in 13 cases the superior mesenteric artery gave off common hepatic artery or right hepatic artery.
Lumbar arteries
Mesenteric arteries
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Mesenteric arteries
Inferior mesenteric artery
Abdominal aorta
Transverse colon
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INTRODUCTION :
Superior mesenteric artery shows variation in its origin and its branching pattern.
A sound knowledge of the presence of variations of Superior mesenteric artery is important for Surgeon, Physician, Radiologist, Gastroenterologist and Vascular Surgeon.
AIM OF STUDY :
Examining the pattern of variations in the origin of the Superior mesenteric artery and its colic branches, mainly in South Indian population.
Comparing the variations with the previous study.
PARAMETER :
• Level of origin,
• Course of artery,
• Level of termination,
• In branching pattern,
• Relation with coeliac trunk,
• Relation with pancreas.
MATERIALS AND METHODS :
A total number of fifty Superior mesenteric arteries were studied.
Thirty Superior mesenteric arteries were studied from the cadavers by dissection method at Government Stanley Medical College.
Twenty Superior mesenteric arteries pictures of CT angiogram was taken at Department of Radiology, Government Stanley Medical College.
RESULTS :
The following findings were seen in the present study.
• Normal origin of Superior mesenteric artery from abdominal aorta.
• Superior mesenteric artery and coeliac trunk arose as a common trunk from the abdominal aorta.
• Superior mesenteric artery and Inferior pancreatico duodenal artery had a common origin from the abdominal aorta.
• Absence of middle colic artery.
• Common origin of Right colic artery arising from the ileocolic artery.
• Ileocolic and right colic artery had a common trunk from Superior mesenteric artery.
• Appendicular artery arising from inferior division of ileocolic artery.
• Double appendicular arteries,one from ileocolic artery before division and the other from the inferior division of ileocolic artery.
CONCLUSION :
A thorough knowledge about the normal pattern and abnormal pattern of Superior mesenteric artery and its branches are helpful for correct interpretation of any invasive procedures and resection of colon for carcinoma, intestine transfers, resection of small and large intestines and appendicectomy and embolectomy.
Inferior mesenteric artery
Abdominal aorta
Mesenteric arteries
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Inferior mesenteric artery
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