Development of semi-synthetic microbial consortia of Streptomyces coelicolor for increased production of biodiesel (fatty acid methyl esters)
Shashi Kant BhatiaDa-Hye YiYong‐Hyun KimHyun‐Joong KimHyeongmin SeoJu‐Hee LeeJung‐Ho KimJong-Min JeonKyoung‐Soon JangYun‐Gon KimYung‐Hun Yang
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Algal biomass is good source of oils and it can be used for producing biodiesel. The present work is a study of biodiesel production from the algal blooms. Microcystis species was isolated from the blooms and cultured in BG-11 medium. The biodiesel was extracted using alkali catalyzed transesterification method. The trans esterified oil was collected and subjected to GC MS analysis. The FAME profiles showed the presence of unsaturated fatty acids which confirms the presence of biodiesel. The extracted biodiesel was also characterized for the physical properties like fatty acid value, saponification value, iodine value, cetane number, kinematic viscosity, pour point and cloud point. SAARC J. Agric., 20(2): 273-281 (2022)
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Ukraine takes a fourth place in the world in the technical hemp production and can use waste of hemp for biofuel (including biodiesel) production. This paper presents an analysis of cetane numbers and low-temperature properties of hemp biodiesels as well as spray and evaporation of these fuels. Two types of hemp biodiesel fuels are analyzed: Hemp Methyl esters, produced from hemp oil in Ukraine (HM1) and European Union (HM2). It was found that hemp biodiesel has smaller cetane number than traditional rapeseed or soy biodiesel. At the same time hemp biodiesel shows better low-temperature properties compared with traditional biodiesels. So, it was recommended to use the mixture of rapeseed or soy biodiesel with hemp biodiesel to optimise both the low-temperature properties and cetane number of fuel. According to modelling the spray parameters of hemp biodiesel are very close to those of soy biodiesel. Evaporation of hemp biodiesel is very close to soy biodiesel according to previous research. Therefore, mixture of soy/rapeseed and hemp biodiesels can be recommended for experimental investigation as a future fuel for Ukrainian market.
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Jatropha curcas oil (JCO) and karanja oil have been identified for the comparative study of production of renewable energy sources i.e. biodiesel as well as physico-chemical properties of biodiesel for its potentiality. Enzyme Novozyme 435 (Candida antarctica) is used as biocatalyst (8%) for the conversion in both the cases with 5:1 molar ratio of alcohol to oil for 8 hours with mixing intensity of 600 rpm at 550C. JCO shows higher conversion efficiency at these parameters than karanja oil. Biodiesels obtained from JCO and karanja oil are analysed based on physico-chemical properties like specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, density, calorific value, cetane number, flash point, cloud point and acid number. With regard to specific gravity, kinematic viscosity, density, calorific value and cetane number, the JCO biodiesel shows higher values than karanja biodiesel whereas flash point and cloud point of karanja biodiesel are higher than JCO biodiesel. With respect to the compositional analysis, JCO biodiesel contains 95.67% methyl ester but karanja biodiesel contains 92.57% methyl ester. Apart from this, triglycerides (TG), diglycerides (DG) and monoglycerides (MG) content of JCO and karanja oil biodiesel are 1.68%, 1.08%, 2.68% and 1.89%, 2.75% and 3.69% respectively.
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Abstract Biodiesel from palm oil ( Elaeis guineensis ) is one of the promising renewable sources in Indonesia. Biodiesel is renewable transportation fuel and nowadays is being used as a blend with high-speed diesel (HSD). There are two types of HSD in fuel specification of The Indonesian Government, HSD with Cetane No. 48 and HSD with Cetane No. 51. This paper investigates the fuel properties of HSD 48 and HSD 51 blends with palm oil biodiesel with composition 90:10 (B10), 80:20 (B20), and 70:30 (B30). The experimental investigation shows that the fuel blending HSD 48 and HSD 51 with biodiesel up to 30% improve HSD quality, such as increasing cetane number by 10%, increasing lubricity by 10-18%, and decreasing sulfur content by 35%. Furthermore, biodiesel addition to HSD has a negative effect that increases the acid value and water content, decreasing heating value and cold-flow performance, such as cloud point, pour point, and cold filter plugging point. This can be improved by tightening up the quality of biodiesel. However, the addition of palm oil biodiesel up to 30% (B30) is the potential to promote renewable fuels with tolerable characteristics with HSD fuel specification by improving the quality and specification of biodiesel and blends.
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Ukraine takes a fourth place in the world in the technical hemp production and can use waste of
hemp for biofuel (including biodiesel) production. This paper presents an analysis of cetane numbers
and low-temperature properties of hemp biodiesels as well as spray and evaporation of these fuels. Two
types of hemp biodiesel fuels are analyzed: Hemp Methyl esters, produced from hemp oil in Ukraine
(HM1) and European Union (HM2). It was found that hemp biodiesel has smaller cetane number than
traditional rapeseed or soy biodiesel. At the same time hemp biodiesel shows better low-temperature
properties compared with traditional biodiesels. So, it was recommended to use the mixture of rapeseed
or soy biodiesel with hemp biodiesel to optimise both the low-temperature properties and cetane number
of fuel. According to modelling the spray parameters of hemp biodiesel are very close to those of soy
biodiesel. Evaporation of hemp biodiesel is very close to soy biodiesel according to previous research.
Therefore, mixture of soy/rapeseed and hemp biodiesels can be recommended for experimental
investigation as a future fuel for Ukrainian market.
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