Characteristics of Infrared Radiation of Coal Specimens Under Uniaxial Loading
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Coal particles have a great importance in the production of coalbed methane. To reveal the relationship between the coal mechanical properties and the coal particles characteristics generated by the coal samples with different coal rank, coal failure experiments in the natural state and water-saturated state under triaxial compression are performed. The effects of coal rank, coal mechanical properties and water content on the characteristics of coal particles generated are investigated. The results show that the water-saturated sample has a lower compressive strength than the corresponding natural sample. Coal with different rank shows various fracturing modes after failure. Compared with the natural sample, the water-saturated sample generates more amount of coal particles. As coal rank increases, the amount of coal particles shows a 'U' shape trend, while there is a negative exponential correlation between the amount of coal particles and the compressive strength of coal. [Received: June 3, 2020; Accepted: April 10, 2021]
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From the coal supply and demand,coal requirements,coal import and export,coal prices and others,the paper ful ly introduced the operation condition of the international coal market.The paper predicted that the price of the international steam coal would be increased on November and December,2013 and the price of the international coking coal would be fur ther readjusted.
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Selenium in coal is an important environmental selenium sources . In Shaanxi province, coal resources is very abundant. Selenium contents of coal of all coal-forming periods exits more different, which shows selenium content of coal decreases along with the coal-forming ages from old to new, and coal rank from high to low. It related with coal-forming environment and sulfur content of coal, which shows that more sulfur content of coal, particularly, more pyrite in coal, higher the selenium content in coal. This illustrates, in the moderate-high sulfur coal, selenium of coal mainly exists in pyrite, but in the very low-low sulfur coal, which relates with organic sulfur. Selenium of coal will enter the surface environment when coal resources being mined and utilized and will affect ecological environment and people health.
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Background radiation characteristic is an important part of the target infrared radiation.For the typical stealth UAV,the effect of the background radiation on target infrared radiation was theoretically analyzed,and the mathematical model of the target infrared radiation was established.Using the numerical simulation method,the target infrared radiation characteristic under the background radiation was calculated,and the effect of background radiation on the target infrared radiation characteristics was analyzed.The results provide a reference for the aircraft infrared detection and infrared stealth design.
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The paper analyzed the general development tendency of the coal chemical industry and systematically analyzed the two key development areas of the coal chemical industry, including the coal based chemical material and new coal based chemical fuel. An industrial chain analysis method was applied to analyze the three branches of coal based plastic, coal based fiber and coal based rubber in the coal based chemical material industry. The paper well analyzed the development potential of each coal based liquid chemical fuel and the coal based gas chemical fuel and provided the development key points of the coal based chemical fuel and the main problems to be solved. The paper analyzed and calculated the coal consumption and the consumption structure of the coal chemical industry in the year of 2012. The paper not only calculated the total coal consumption of the coal chemical industry, but according to the different coal chemical products and different production technique, calculated the coal consumption of each coal type. According to the prediction on the coal chemical product development in the year of 2020 and prediction on the production technique variation, the total coal consumption of coal chemical industry on the year of 2020 and the coal consumption of each coal type were calculated.
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Dengjiapu coal area lies in Syncline,where coal measures,are Longtan formation of the upper permian system(P2l)and measuring water group of the Lower Corboniferous System(C1c).Ceshui coal system distributes extensively with coal of 1～10 beds and Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ,coal seams are workable,thus,the exploration prospect is better.Shaoyang district in Hunan Province is one of the area of poor coal.It is important to sum up the features and distribution regularities of measuring water group coal measures for the new round of coal exploration and lessening the energy resource pressure.
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Clean coal
Fraction (chemistry)
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Abstract Status of Coal as a Major Energy Source Major Types of Coal Ranks of Coal Commercial Sizes of Coal Geology of Coal Coal Production Coal Mining Technology Coal Preparation Plants Transportation of Coal Testing of Coal
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Coal is a valuable source for power energy as well as for metal contents within it. Coal and its by-product are considered a promising resource for the critical elements and rare earth elements (REEs). The study of REEs in coal is in its infancy. This paper focuses on REEs' occurrence, qualitative, and quantitative in coal and its by-products (shale coal, shale coal ash, and coal ash) of Sohagpur Coalfield, Madhya Pradesh, India. The collected coal samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscope with energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, bomb calorimeter, thermogravimetric analysis, and ultimate analysis. The REEs' concentration of Sohagpur Coalfield was also compared with the Chinese coal, US coal, and world coal average. The average content of critical REEs for Y is 51.49 ppm, for Nd is 79.34 ppm, for Eu is 2.67 ppm, for Tb is 1.71 ppm, and for Dy is 9.76 ppm in samples. The highest average values of REEs reported for Ce are 58.15 ppm in coal and 187 ppm in coal ash by-products. Coal by-products of the collected samples are a good resource for REEs than the Chinese coal, US coal, and world coal averages.
Clean coal
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The top coal broken mechanism and reasonable determination of caving coal heigh in caving coal faces are expounded.Aiming at the top coal thickness,soft and hard extent mature of coal,the feasibility of caving top coal is firmly believed,the scientific basis of mining coal overall thickness at one time is provided.
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