On the Activities of Coexisting Elements in Molten Iron. III : The Activity of Mn in Molten Fe-Mn Alloy
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溶融Fe-Cr合金およびFe-Cr-Ni合金中のCrの拡散係数を1 5500℃において拡散対法によつて測定して,次の結果を得た.(1)Fe-Cr合金中の相互拡散係数DFe-Crは0～15 at%Crの濃度範囲で次の実験式で表される.DFe-Cr×105=3.36-20.9NCr+171N2Cr,cm2/s(2)Ni濃度4at%,Cr濃度0～12at%のFe-Cr-Ni合金中のCrの主拡散係数DCrCrはDFe-Crの1.3～1.9倍で,Niの添加によつてCrの拡散は速くなる.また,副拡散係数DCrNi,DNiCr,を推算した結果,これらは負の値をとり,その絶対値は主拡散係数にくらべて1オーダ小さいことがわかつた.
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The absorption phenomena of nitrogen by molten iron alloys (Fe-Cr, Fe-Mn and Fe-Ni binary alloys) were studied and the following results were obtained.With the increase of additional percentage of Cr or Mn to Fe, the saturation value of N2 increased from 0.039 Wt.%N2 in pure iron(at 1600°) up to 4 Wt.%N2 in pure Cr or to 1 Wt.%N2 in pure Mn (at about each melting point). In the case of Fe-Ni alloys, on the contrary, the saturation value decreased with the increase of Ni and the alloys containing over than 80%Ni hardly absorbed N2.The curves representing the relation between the saturation values and compositions are upward concave as shown in Figs. 2,4 and 6. These relations could be explained satisfactorily by the theoretical formula (5) or (6) derived from the statistical thermodynamics under the same conception formerly reported.One of the main conclusions obtaind from the comparison between experimental results and theory is as follows: From the standpoint of atomic arrangement, the metal atoms which have large affinity to N-atoms congregate more than the mean concentration of the alloy around absorbed N-atoms. That is,Cr or Mn atoms congregate around N-atoms in Fe-Cr or Fe-Mn alloys,and Fe-atoms congregate in Fe-Ni alloys.
Saturation (graph theory)
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Tensile properties of Fe-12%Cr-Mn(mass%) alloys have been studied in the temperature range between room-temperature and 1073 K. Mn contents of the alloys are ranged from 5 to 30%. The tensile properties of Fe-12%Cr-Mn alloy is markedly affected by Mn content. Relatively high strength and low ductility are obtained in 5 and 10%Mn alloys which consist of mainly α′-martensite structure at temperatures below 673 K. The transformation from α′-martensite to austenite results in a large drop of tensile strength and an increase of ductility. The tensile strength of the 15%Mn alloy decreases linearly with increasing test temperature. In the case of the 20%Mn alloy. The tensile strength decreases rapidly at temperatures up to 473 K where ε-martensite transforms to austenite, and it decreases gradually with increasing temperature. In the austenite range, the tensile properties scarcely depend on Mn content.C and N additions improve the tensile properties of the Fe-12%Cr-15%Mn alloy markedly. Combined alloying of 0.2%C and 0.2%N with the alloy makes the strength as high as that of JPCA (0.05%C-15%Cr-16%Ni-2.5%Mo-0.2%Ti steel), increases the creep strength pronouncedly and decrease the steady state creep rate.
Ductility (Earth science)
Atmospheric temperature range
Tensile testing
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Abstract Das quaternäre Hydridsystem wurde bei 25‐200°C und bei Wasserstoff‐Gleichgew.‐Drücken von 0.0l‐5O at untersucht.
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In this work, we studied iron-based alloys with a carbon content of 0.37-0.57% (wt.), silicon of 0.23-0.29% (wt.), and manganese 0.7-0.86% (wt.). The phase composition was determined using structural, compositional, and X-ray diffraction analysis. We found that after crystallization and phase transformations, the alloy phase structure included two phases: α-iron and carbides Fe 2.7 Mn 0.3 C and Fe 0.25 Mn 1.4 C 0.6 and Fe 9 SiC 0.4 . For the first time, by using a quasi-chemistry approach, we derived expression of the free energy of a solid solution of α-iron alloyed with Si and Mg and determined the solubility limits of carbon, manganese, and silicon. We found that the solubility limits in δ-iron phase are 0.09% (wt.), 3.5% (wt.) and 0.25% (wt.) for C, Mn, and Si, respectively, and 0.017% (wt.), 21% (wt.), and 1.3% (wt.) for α-iron phase.
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Titanium alloy
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The experiments on the absorption of nitrogen by molten Fe-C (0 to 3.5 Wt.%C) and Fe-Si alloys (0 to 31 Wt.%Si) were carried out according to the experimental procedures formerly reported, i.e. ,the saturation values,absorption rates etc.were measured.On Fe-C alloys,the satuation value of N2 decreased with the increase of C%,as shown in Fig. 2.In the case of Fe-Si alloys,the relation between saturatin values and Si% is somewhat abnormal as shown in Fig. 4: That is,with the increase of Si% the saturation value increased at first,and then decreased; The value reached a maximum at about 0.5 Wt.%Si ; From 14%Si (which correspond to Fe3Si composition) above,the value again increased.From the consideration of these results, the following suggestion was acquired that the structure of molten state (quasi-crystalline) of these alloy differs from that of Fe-Ni,Fe-Cr or Fe-Mn alloys formerly reported. In Fe-C and Fe-Si alloys, the arrangement of atoms is not at random and some regularity seems to exist even in molten state.The effect of alloying elements on the rate of absorption of N2 was also discussed. The rate decreased by the addition of Ni to Fe, and increasd by that of C,Si,Mn and Cr.The absorption rate coefficients (K) are tabulated in Table 1, assuming that the absorption of N2 is the reaction of the first order.
Saturation (graph theory)
Absorption rate
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