Anti-Mycobacterium Marinum Function of Asifnf-Α4 in Chinese Sturgeon (Acipenser Sinensis)
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Mycobacterium marinum
Using of DNA of chicken erythrocyte (3. 22pg/2C) as a standard, genome size (somatic nuclear DNA content) of five species of sturgeons and paddlefishes including Chinese paddlefish (Psephurus gladius ), Yangtze sturgeon (Acipenser dabryanus ), Chinese sturgeon (A. sinensis ), Amur sturgeon (A. schrenckii ) and American paddlefish (Polyodon spathula ) were determined by microspectrometry. The DNA contents of each said species were 4. 11, 8. 26, 9. 07, 6. 07 and 3. 96pg, respectively. The genome size of two species including Yangtze sturgeon and Chinese sturgeon, was found two times as big as that of Chinese paddlefish and American paddlefish. Obviously, Chinese paddlefish and American paddlefish belong to the tetraploidy group whereas Yangtze sturgeon and Chinese sturgeon are octoploids. According to the present results and data reported, Amur sturgeon is possibly an octoploid (8n), however, it is more likely that two or more kinds of polyploids (4n, 8n and so on) have existed in the species of Amur sturgeon. Combination of the present results and data reported among Acipenseriformes including two families and six genera, the genus Acipenser possessed 4n. 8n. 12n and 16n while the other five genera possessed only 4n. It is deduced that the polyploidization took place at early time of formation of Acipenseriformes and within the genus Acipenser. Polyloidization has played an important role in the diversity of Acipenser which has more than 65% species in Acipenseriformes.
Yangtze river
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In a soil bioassay, adult Deroceras reticulatum (Stylommatophora: Limacidae) and three different weight-classes of young Arion lusitanicus (Stylommatophora: Arionidae) were exposed to a single dosage (170 dauer larvae per g of soil) of the nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita monoxenically associated with the bacterium Moraxella osloensis. Groups of 10 slugs were continuously exposed to nematodes for 4 days, and then transferred individually to Petri-dishes containing a disc of Chinese cabbage as food. Food consumption—measured by image analysis—and slug mortality were recorded daily for 10 days. Food consumption was inhibited in both slug species tested. D. reticulatum stopped feeding 6 days after the start of nematode treatment, while all A. lusitanicus continued to feed. However, in the three weight-classes of A. lusitanicus (0.15 g, 0.24 g, 0.45 g), food consumption was reduced by at least 50 %. The greatest reduction in feeding, nearly 90 %, was noted in the smallest A. lusitanicus. The nematodes successfully killed D. reticulatum but were less efficient at killing young A. lusitanicus. At the end of the experiment, mortality was highest in D. reticultatum (98 %) and the smallest weight-class of A. lusitanicus (47 %). There was almost no mortality in the largest weight-class of A. lusitanicus treated with nematodes. P. hermaphrodita associated with M. osloensis can thus be considered as a biological control agent for young stages of A. lusitanicus for its effect as a feeding inhibitor, rather than for its ability to kill the slugs.
Slug
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A wild mature Chinese Sturgeon(Acipenser sinensis),caught from the Yichang section of Yangtze River was kept in an aquarium in Beijing in 2005.It was the first practice to domesticate Chinese Sturgeon in China.The food items taken by the Chinese Sturgeon was recorded from April 3 to July 31.The results showed that the mature Chinese Sturgeon could take food from the trainers' hands.The food items had been added to 6 kinds.The quantity of fish ate by the sturgeon a day was gradually increased from 120 g to (2 000 g),and became stable soon after.It indicated that the environment of aquarium was suitable to domesticate the wild Chinese Sturgeon.
Yangtze river
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The swimming performance of hatchery-reared, juvenile shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus and pallid sturgeon S. albus was studied in a laboratory swim tunnel at 20°C and 10°C. The mean 30-min critical swimming speed was not significantly different between species at either temperature (36.9 cm/s for shovelnose sturgeon and 35.9 cm/s for pallid sturgeon at 20°C, 19.4 cm/s for shovelnose sturgeon and 15.0 cm/s for pallid sturgeon at 10°C). Free swimming (swimming without contact with the substrate) was observed less than 18% of the time at speeds greater than 15 cm/s. As speed increased, pallid sturgeon swam significantly less in the water column at 20°C; however, speed had no effect on percent free swimming among shovelnose sturgeon at 20°C. The results of this study indicate that, over the temperature and size range tested, shovelnose sturgeon and pallid sturgeon probably do not segregate in rivers due to different swimming or station-holding abilities
Hatchery
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Білім берy қоғaмның экономикaлық дaмyының негізі, әлеyметтік тұрaқтылықтың фaкторлaрының бірі, хaлықтың рyхaни-aдaмгершілік әлеyетінің және интеллектyaлдық өсyінің қaйнaр көзі ретінде бaрлық yaқыттaрдa тaптырмaс құндылық болып есептеліп келеді. Aл қaзіргідей aдaм кaпитaлын қaлыптaстырy мен дaмытy мәселесін шешy негізгі міндет ретінде қaрaстырылaтын зaмaндa хaлықтың білімдік қaжеттіліктері өсіп, жоғaры, ортa aрнayлы, кәсіби қосымшa білім aлyғa үміткерлер сaны aртa түсyде. Бұғaн жayaп ретінде білім берy ұйымдaрының сaлaлaнyы aртып, әртүрлі типтегі оқy орындaрының сaны aртyдa, білім берyдің инфрaқұрылымы, бaсқaрy формaлaры, әдістемелік, ғылыми қызмет түрлері дaмyдa. Олaрды білім aлyшылaрдың жеке сұрaныстaры мен мүмкіндіктеріне бaғыттay күшейтілyде. Осығaн орaй білімнің сaпaсынa қойылaтын тaлaптaр aртып, бұл сaлaның әлеyметпен өзaрa әрекеттестігіне негізделген құрылымдық – қызметтік дaмyының көкейтестілігі aртyдa. Мaқaлaдa «серіктестік», «әлеyметтік серіктестік», «білімдегі әлеyметтік серіктестік» ұғым- дaрының мәні aшылып, олaрдың қaлыптaсy және дaмy үрдісіне шолy жaсaлaды, жоғaры оқy орындaрындa педaгогтaрды дaярлayдa әлеyметтік серіктестердің әлеyетін пaйдaлaнyдa бaсшылыққa aлынaтын ұстaнымдaр мен тиімді жолдaры сипaттaлaды. Түйін сөздер: серіктестік, әлеyметтік серіктестік, білімдегі әлеyметтік серіктестік, бірлескен әрекет ұстaнымдaры, әлеуметтік серіктестік әлеуеті. Обрaзовaние является основой экономического рaзвития обществa, одним из фaкторов социaль- ной стaбильности, источником дyховно-нрaвственного потенциaлa и интеллектyaльного ростa людей и во все временa считaлось незaменимой ценностью. И в нaстоящее время, когдa решение проблемы формировaния и рaзвития человеческого кaпитaлa рaссмaтривaется кaк основнaя зaдaчa, рaстyт обрaзовaтельные потребности людей, yвеличивaется количество желaющих полyчить высшее, среднее, специaльное, профессионaльное дополнительное обрaзовaние. В ответ нa это yсиливaется рaзветвленность обрaзовaтельных оргaнизaций, yвеличивaется количество обрaзовaтельных оргaни- зaций рaзличного типa, рaзвивaются инфрaстрyктyрa обрaзовaния, формы yпрaвления, методическaя и нayчнaя деятельность. Yсиливaется их ориентaция нa индивидyaльные потребности и возможности обyчaющихся. В связи с этим повышaются требовaния к кaчествy обрaзовaния, возрaстaет знaчение стрyктyрно-фyнкционaльного рaзвития этой сферы нa основе взaимодействия с обществом. В стaтье рaскрывaется знaчение понятий «пaртнерство», «социaльное пaртнерство», «социaльное пaртнерство в обрaзовaнии», рaссмaтривaется процесс их стaновления и рaзвития, описывaются рyко- водящие принципы и эффективные способы использовaния потенциaлa социaльных пaртнеров в подготовке педaгогических кaдров в высших yчебных зaведениях. Ключевые словa: партнерство, социaльное пaртнерство, социaльное пaртнерство в обрaзовaнии, принципы совместного действия, поненциал социального партнерство. Education is the basis of the economic development of society, one of the factors of social stability, a source of spiritual and moral potential and intellectual growth of people and has always been considered an irreplaceable value. And at the present time, when the solution of the problem of the formation and development of human capital is considered as the main task, the educational needs of people are growing, the number of people wishing to receive higher, secondary, special, professional additional education is increasing. In response to this, the branching of educational organizations is increasing, the number of educational organizations of various types is increasing, the infrastructure of education, forms of management, methodological and scientific activities are developing. Their focus on the individual needs and capabilities of students is increasing. In this regard, the requirements for the quality of education are increasing, the importance of the structural and functional development of this sphere on the basis of interaction with society is increasing. The article reveals the meaning of the concepts of "partnership", "social partnership", "social partnership in education", examines the process of their formation and development, describes the guidelines and effective ways to use the potential of social partners in the training of teachers in higher educational institutions. Keywords: partnership, social partnership, social partnership in education, principles of joint action, the potential of social partnership.
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Iridovirus
White (mutation)
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Huso
Beluga
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The biochemical compositions and enzymatic activities in eggs and ovarian fluid were investigated in Amur sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii, Siberian sturgeon A.baeri and hybrid sturgeon(Amur sturgeon ♂ × Siberian huso Huso dauricus ♀)by biochemical methods. The results showed that there was significant larger egg diameter in Amur sturgeon and the hybrid sturgeon than in Siberian sturgeon(P0.050). The hybrid sturgeon had significantly greater diameter in the hydrated and hardening eggs than Amur sturgeon, and Siberian sturgeon(P 0.05). The maximal glutamate-oxaloacetate(GOT, 2.83 U·g-1), acid phosphatase(ACP, 0.69 U·g-1),and alkaline phosphatase(AKP, 0.81 U·mg-1) was observed in the eggs of the hybrid sturgeon, without significant differences among the three sturgeon, except the significantly higher SDH activity in eggs of Amur sturgeon and significantly higher ACP activity in ovarian fluid of the hybrid(P0.05). There were significant differences in composition of protein, trace elements and vitamins and activities of enzymes in egg and ovarian fluid among the three sturgeon species. There was higher Fe content in eggs in Siberian sturgeon than that in Amur sturgeon and the hybrid sturgeon. In ovarian fluid, however, levels of Fe and Zn were found undetectable in Siberian sturgeon. There was significantly lower Vc content in ovarian fluid in Siberian sturgeon than that in Amur sturgeon and the hybrid(P0.05). The significant differences in SDH, and ACP activities and Fe and Vc contents in eggs and ovarian fluid indicate that the differentnutrition should be provided during sturgeon broodstock cultivation.
Huso
Lake sturgeon
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HLA-B-associated transcript 3 (BAT3) was originally identified as one of the genes located within human major histocompatibility complex. It encodes a large proline-rich protein with unknown function. In this study, we found that a fragment of the BAT3 gene product interacts with a candidate tumor suppressor, DAN, in the yeast-based two-hybrid system. We cloned the full-length rat BAT3 cDNA from a fibroblast 3Y1 cDNA library. Our sequence analysis has demonstrated that rat BAT3 cDNA is 3617 nucleotides in length and encodes a full-length BAT3 (1098 amino acids) with an estimated molecular mass of 114,801 daltons, which displays an 87.4% identity with human BAT3. The deletion experiment revealed that the N-terminal region (amino acid residues 1-80) of DAN was required for the interaction with BAT3. Green fluorescent protein-tagged BAT3 was largely localized in the cytoplasm of COS cells. Northern hybridization showed that BAT3 mRNA was expressed in all the adult rat tissues examined but predominantly in testis. In addition, the level of BAT3 mRNA expression was more downregulated in some of the transformed cells, including v-mos- and v-Ha-ras-transformed 3Y1 cells, than in the parental cells.
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