Improving the flame retardancy, smoke suppression and mechanical properties of polyurethane using novel organic–inorganic hybrid composite microspheres of zirconium modified phenolic resin and montmorillonite
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NBR/montmorillonite nanocomposites are prepared successfully by especial extruding intercalation method, and the relationship between microstructure and property is studied. IR and XRD illustrate the different structures between crude montmorillonite and organic montmorillonite. The results of TEM confirm the nano-structure of composites. The study results show that montmorillonite exhibits obviously reinforcement, and the properties of nanocomposites are superior to those of the rubber with carbon black reinforcing, and when the content of montmorillonite is small, the reinforcing effect is obvious.
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The surface acidity of a series of cross-linked montmorillonite were determined by NH_3-TPD.The effect of preparation methods and calcined temperature on the acidity of cross-linked montmorillonite have been studied. The results show that the acidity of montmorillonite increased after cross-linking and it is improved after the cross-linked montmorillonite were calcined (the optimum temperature is 400 ℃);and the suitable method is mixing and the acidity of montmorillonite increased after Ni~(2+) were introduced into the interlayer of montmorillinote.
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Cation-exchange capacity
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The recent domestic developments in the study on nylon nanocomposites prepared by montmorillonite are reviewed.The technologies for surface modification of montmorillonite and preparation of nylon/montmorillonite nanocomposites are also summarized.Nylon/montmorillonite nanocomposites possess unique structures as well as excellent mechanical properties that their conventional counterparts don′ t have,so it can be expected that it would be widely used in a lot of fields in the future.
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A series of modified montmorillonites were synthesized from Na-montmorillonite, which included Al-Ti-inorganic montmorillonite and Al-Ti-organic montmorillonite. The optimum Al-Ti and Al-montmorillonite radios were determined. Modified montmorillonites were utilized to treat imitative wastewater and chemical laboratory wastewater and Na-montmorillonite. The effects of optimum conditions such as Al-Ti proportion, pH value of wastewater, throwing amounts of Al-Ti modified montmorillonites and stirring time were investigated. The experimental conditions were optimized with the orthogonal experiment. The results show that the capacity of inorganic montmorillonite and organic montmorillonite is obviously better than that of original montmorillonite in water treatment. The removal rates of colority and turbidity are over 93%. The removal rates of COD are over 66.31% by organic montmorillonite. The result is satisfactory.
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Thermal Stability
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The Interaction Effects of Montmorillonite and Glycerol on the Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-montmorillonite Films
Polyvinyl Alcohol
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The status quato of synthesizing craft ?ways of structure and characteristics signified and application of organo-montmorillonite were introdrced,the focus subjects in the field were explored. The literatures about the synthesizing craft ?ways of structure and characteristics signified and the application of organo-montmorillonite were consulted and studied, the research hotspots in the field were foreseen, such as relationship between the montmorillonite layer charge and organo-montmorillonite properties; relationship between the organo- montmorillonite-structure and organo-montmorillonite properties; study of the high efficiency and low cost synthesizing craft of organo-montmorillonite; investigation of the exclusive application of organo-montmorillonite; exploder new complex materials with organo-montmorillonite.
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This paper introduces some montmorillonite of different production technologies.Montmorillonite and pillared agents are used to synthesize the pillared montmorillonite.The pillared montmorillonite was identified by BET,IR and XDR.The result shows of pillared montmorillonite that compared with the original montmorillonite,its specific surface area and basal interlayer space are greatly increased,but its content of carbon is greatly reduced.
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Characterization
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Al/La-pillared and Al-pillared montmorillonite were prepared from the raw material Na-montmorillonite,and characterized by XRD,nitrogen adsorption,NH3-TPD,SEM and particle distribution.The ketalation was used as a probe reaction to study the catalyst activity of Al/La-pillared montmorillonite,and compared with Al-pillared montmorillonite.The results show that the crystal form of Al/La-pillared montmorillonite is more better than Al-pillared montmorillonite,the interlamellar spacing is more bigger than Na-montmorillonite.When n(Al)/n(La) is 25∶1 and n(Al+La)/n(Na-mont) is 2,the interlamellar spacing of Al/La-pillared montmorillonite is 1.81 nm,the surface area of BET is 183 m2/g,and the temperature of NH3-desorption(228 ℃) than Al-pillared montmorillonite is 70 ℃.The yield of cyclohexanone ethylene ketal can reach 85% in the presence of Al/La-pillared montmorillonite.
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