Strategic regulation of crystallization kinetics to achieve efficient pure-red quasi-2D perovskite light-emitting diodes
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The crystallization separation theory and simulation optimization in solution crystallization are outlined.The crystallization processes such as direct cooling crystallization,reaction crystallization,distillation crystallization coupling,redox crystallization liquid membrane,extraction crystallization,magnetization crystallization and so on are summarized.Reasonable designing of crystallizer and crystallization technology is reliable guarantee for industrialization of crystallization processes.The falling film crystallizer,Bremband crystallization technology and the plate type crystallizer are evaluated.It is pointed out that the new crystallization separation unit and technology,technology industrialization,the mechanism of heat and mass transfer of crystallization process need to be further studied.
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The crystallization process of BHT belongs to the cooling solution crystallization processes, which uses ethanol as the solvent. In this thesis, the crystallization temperatures of BHT under different concentrations of ethanol and different feed ratios of solute to solvent were measured. It is shown that the crystallization temperature increases with reduce of the feed ratio or the ethanol concentration.
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Crystal (programming language)
Morphology
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In order to solve the problem of slow crystallization rate and low crystallization,the nucleating agent TMC-300 was used into PLA. Crystallization behavior of poly( lactic acid) was examined by using TG,IR,Crystallization tester and XRD. TMC-300 did not affect the structure and crystalline of polylactic acid,but greatly reduced the crystallization half-time. The crystallization half-time was up to 40 s at the amount of0. 8%. It was showed that TMC-300 was an effective nucleating agent of polylactic acid.
Polylactic Acid
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국내 LEDs 산업의 발달함에 따라 LEDs 가격이 지속적으로 낮아지며 광량과 내구성이 좋은 LEDs가 개발되어 불량한 기후 조건에서 작물의 수량을 증진하기 위하여 시설재배 농가를 중심으로 원예작물에 LEDs 이용을 위한 시도가 이뤄지고 있다. 이에 본 실험은 적색과 초적색 LEDs 보광이 ``홍로``/M.26 사과의 과중분포 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 사과에서 LEDs 보광이 과실의 품질향상에 도움이 될수 있는지를 구명하기 위하여 실험하였다. 실험 처리는 대조구인 무처리구, 적색광(660nm) 2, 4시간 조사구, 초적색광(730nm) 2, 4시간 조사구의 5처리를 난괴법 3반복으로 실험하였다. LEDs 보광은 일몰후 처리별로 조사하였으며 처리시기는 화아분화기와 착색기에 각각 1개월씩 보광하였다. 실험결과 적색광 LEDs 보광에 의해 대조구에 비해 적색 LED 처리구에서 엽중이 늘어났으나 초적색 LEDs 보광에서는 엽중이 감소하였으며 보광시간이 길어질수록 더욱 감소하였다. 2009년에는 무처리구인 대조구에 비해 LEDs 처리구에서 과중이 증가하였으며 특히 적색광 LEDs 처리구에서 188g 이하의 소과 발생도 없었고 300g 이상 과실도 많았다. 2010년에는 250g 이상 과실이 대조구에 비해 적색광 2, 4시간 보광에서 증가하였으나 초적색광 보광에서는 대조구에 비해 감소하였다. 과실의 경도는 대조구에 비해 초적색광 2, 4시간 보광에서 증가하였으며 당도에서는 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 착색도에 있어서는 적색 LEDs 처리구가 대조구에 비해 Hunter a 값이 낮아지는 경향을 나타냈으나 초적색광에서는 높아지는 경향을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 통해 살펴보면, 적색광은 홍로 사과의 과중을 증가시켰으나 초적색광은 Hunter a 값을 높이는 결과를 나타냈다. 이에 앞으로 사과원에서의 LEDs의 효과적인 이용을 위해 적색광과 초적색광 단용처리가 아닌 혼합처리를 하여 각각의 광원의 효과가 상승적으로 작용하는지에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다.
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Examinations were made on the conditions for crystallization of sodium aluminosilicate. At the temperature of 80°, with A-type zeolite, rate of crystallization was faster, the higher the concentration of the starting mixture, and crystallization was effected in 30 minutes with a concentration of 0.5 mole/L. Degree of crystallization was found to be unaffected by the concentration of the starting mixture. On the other hand, with the X-type zeolite, rate of crystallization was faster with higher concentration of the starting mixture but the degree of crystallization decrease with concentrations above 0.25 mole/L. A concentration of about 0.2 mole/L. was therefore found to give zeolite with the best degree of crystallization. Evaluation of the degree of crystallization by X-ray powder diffraction showed that there is a good correlation in the crystallization degree between that obtained from the height of the diffraction peak and that obtained from the peak area.
Degree (music)
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The crystallization process of BHT belongs to the cooling solution crystallization processes, which uses ethanol as the solvent.In this thesis,the crystallization temperatures of BHT under different concentrations of ethanol and different feed ratios of solute to solvent were measured.It is shown that the crystallization temperature increases with reduce of the feed ratio or the ethanol concentration.
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We report a case in which two different crystallization mechanisms occurring in the same crystallization experiment are found to yield different polymorphic outcomes. In particular, we focus on crystallization of glycine from neutral aqueous solution. Crystallization in the bulk solution gives only the metastable alpha-polymorph, as observed in previous studies, whereas crystallization by evaporation of a thin film of the solution on the walls of the crystallization vessel is found to give rise to the thermodynamically stable gamma-polymorph, and furthermore produces an uncharacteristic crystal morphology for this polymorph. A detailed set of control experiments are described that elucidate mechanistic details relating to the latter crystallization process. The fact that crystallization on the walls of a crystallization vessel can yield a different polymorphic outcome from crystallization in the bulk solution in the same experiment has potentially much wider significance with regard to other polymorphic systems.
Metastability
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GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with graded-thickness quantum wells and barriers (GMQW-LEDs) are fabricated and researched in this letter. The light power and carrier distribution of GMQW-LEDs are compared with those of LEDs with original uniform MQW (OR-LEDs), graded-thickness quantum wells (GQW-LEDs), and graded-thickness quantum barriers (GQB-LEDs) through numerical simulation, respectively. The experimental results show that light power of GMQW-LEDs is enhanced significantly compared with that of OR-LEDs. The simulation results reveal that GMQW-LEDs show light output power enhancements of 25.7%, 14.3%, and 9.2% compared with OR-LEDs, GQW-LEDs, and GQB-LEDs at current density of 100 A/cm 2 , respectively. This is due to the superior hole distribution in quantum wells, which inhibits the electron leakage and enhances the radiative recombination.
Quantum Efficiency
Wide-bandgap semiconductor
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Protein crystallization is a delicate process that is always sensitive to environmental factors. When the environmental factors are not well controlled or not controlled at all, identical crystallization droplets from the same mother liquid may yield different crystallization results. One environmental factor, the weather conditions during crystallization solution preparation, is not usually considered as a parameter for protein crystallization. In this paper, it is shown that the weather parameters during preparation of the crystallization experiment, including the ambient temperature, humidity, pressure and particulate matter in the air, can all affect the reproducibility of lysozyme crystallization. An identical lysozyme crystallization experiment was repeated for an entire year, and the weather conditions when each crystallization experiment was set up were recorded along with the crystallization results. Among the parameters recorded, the humidity during the experiment setup showed the strongest effect on lysozyme crystallization. On the basis of these results, it is suggested that the weather conditions during crystallization solution preparation should be considered as a potential factor that can influence protein crystallization.
Protein crystallization
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