THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE ERYTHROCYTE INDEX AND THE EXTENT OF TUBERCULOSIS LESIONS IN THORAX RADIOGRAPHY
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Tuberculosis is a contagious disease and is one of the ten leading causes of death in the world. Abnormalities in the hematology system, such as anemia, become one of the complications due to tuberculosis infection. The erythrocyte index becomes a benchmark for determining anemia based on its size and appearance. In tuberculosis patients, tuberculosis lesions can be seen in a thorax radiography examination. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the correlation between the erythrocyte index and the extent of tuberculosis lesions in thorax radiography. This study was an observational study using the cross-sectional method by taking 61 samples of patients' medical records in Saiful Anwar Hospital, which was conducted from January 2022 to December 2023. In this study, data obtained that MCV, MCH, and MCHC, which included in erythrocyte index value, did not have a correlation with the extent of tuberculosis lesion (p=0.656, p=0.484 and p=0.953, respectively, using Kruskal Wallis method). This could occur because tuberculosis patients only experienced anemia with a reduced number of erythrocytes without affecting their size and appearance. The conclusion of this study is that the erythrocyte index does not have a correlation with the extent of tuberculosis lesions.Keywords:
Thorax (insect anatomy)
Abstract This study has demonstrated the changing volume of both the anterior and posterior thorax in normal adolescents (without spinal or thoracic deformity), differentiating for both sex and age, to further understand how the thorax grows, along with the differences in growth between the anterior and posterior thorax. The thorax was measured on axial CT slices at every vertebral level from T3 to T12 in a series of scans previous taken for routine clinical care. Measurements taken were the anteroposterior thoracic distance and the area of the anterior and posterior rib prominences on either side of the thorax. Data was analyzed per vertebral level, differentiating for age and sex. There were 486 CT scans analyzed (257 males and 229 females) between the ages of 8 and 18 years. The analysis identified that for the anterior thorax, there are three phases of growth with an initial slow increase in volume, followed by a stabilization of little growth, followed by another phase of a more rapid increase in volume. For the posterior thorax, there was a gradual increase in area with increasing age. This study demonstrates that the shape of the thorax is age and sex dependent, with males having both a greater width and depth of thorax compared to females. Of particular note is the difference in patterns of growth between the anterior and posterior thorax. This information will add to the understanding of normal growth, which will aid in the management of conditions where that growth is disturbed.
Thorax (insect anatomy)
Thoracic vertebrae
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Objective To analysis and investigate the application of thorax low dosespiral CT in diagnosing of thorax trauma.Methods Selected 16 thorax trauma caseswho were treat in our hospital between Jun,2011 and Fer,2012.Diagnosed them by using routine X-ray thorax plain film and thorax low dose spiral CT scanning.Then compare the effect of the two methods.Results By using routine X-ray thorax plain film,it showed 14 cases were normal,and 2 cases were found local shadow of lung contusion.By using thorax low dose spiral CT scanning,it showed 10 cases werenormal,and 6 cases were found local shadow of lung rending.X-ray examination is about the inclined a took an average of 14.8 minutes.And low dose spiral CT scan chest in 20 seconds.Conclusion It is important and valuable to use thorax low dose spiral CT scanning in diagnosing of thorax trauma.
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Objective:To assess the clinical application of X-ray sign in flat thorax syndrome.Methods:X-ray sign in patients with flat thorax syndrome in 25 patients were analyzed summarized.Results:The standard P-A and lateral chest film were taken,the antero-posterior(APDb),transthoracic diameter(TTDb) of the thorax were measured and the ratio of APDb to TTDb was calculated.The flat thorax syndrome could be diagnosed with the ratio of APDb/TTDb of the thorax ≤38%.According to the classification standards,Of all patients,the ratio of 14 patients were mild(38～36%),the ratio of 10 patients were moderate(35～33%);the ratio of 1 patients were major(32%).Conclusions:X-ray sign in the diagnosis of flat thorax syndrome have a high clinical value.
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Radiographic evaluation of the entire adult equine thorax in the standing position requires a minimum of four overlapping lateral radiographs. Small horses could often be studied with fewer radiographs. This basic examination provided the optimal radiographic opportunity for detecting lung diseases in the horse. An understanding of normal gross and radiographic anatomy is an absolute necessity if one is to avoid the potential diagnostic pitfalls inherent in radiographic interpretation of the equine thorax. Of equal importance is an appreciation for the technic required to produce thoracic radiographs. The advent of rare‐earth intensifying screen and highspeed film systems has enhanced the opportunity for obtaining diagnostic standing lateral equine thoracic radiographs.
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Radiographic anatomy
Gross anatomy
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The unique anatomical features and small thorax of the rabbit make interpretation of radiographic images of this species a challenge, even for experienced veterinary surgeons. This chapter covers indications for thoracic radiography; views, positioning and normal anatomy, and radiographic features of thoracic diseases that can be diagnosed using radiography.
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Radiographic anatomy
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Objective: In this study our purpose was to demonstrate the differences of thorax, trachea and bronch diameters in the normal individuals and in the patients who have diffuse hyperaerated lungs. Material and Method: We included 200 cases who had thorax CT scans for various reasons. A multislice CT scanner was used for the study. Diffuse hyperaeration was evaluated for each case’s thorax CT. Our study group comprised 161 patients with bilateral diffuse hyperaeration while the control group comprised 39 patients without radiologically detectable hyperaeration . Density measurements were done for lungs accepting -910 HU and less as hyperaeration. Statistical analyses was applied to both groups for thorax AP / lateral diameters (thoracic index), trachea lateral /AP diameters (tracheal index), right main bronchus lateral/AP diameters and left main bronchus lateral/AP diameters (bronchial index) using SPSS 16.0. MannWhitney U test was used for comparison the two groups. Results: There was significant discrepancy between two group’s thoracic index, tracheal index and bronchial index measurements (p<0.05). ROC analysis showed that treshold value for thorax is 0,825. The patients with increased thorax AP diameters within the control group had higher median ages, concluding age has an effect on the increased thorax AP diameter. Conclusion: Thoracic index is effected by hyperaeration. Hyperaeration cause saber sheath trachea configuration. Thoracic index values of 0.825 and higher favor increased thoracic AP diameter.
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