Water-Fertilizer Regulation Improves Yield, Quality, and Water-Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Greenhouse Lettuce by Altering the Bacterial Community in Nutrient Solutions
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Soil nutrients
The soil available nutrients such as N,P,K in farmland applying compound microbial fertilizer were studied.The results showed that the soil available nutrient contents of N,P,K with applying compound microbial fertilizer were higher than long-term applying chemical fertilizer,and compound microbial fertilizer could improve soil quality.
Soil nutrients
Soil Fertility
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As we know greenhouse parameters monitoring and controlling plays a very important role for quality production of crops. The purpose of this system is to design a simple Raspberry Pi 3 based circuit to continuously watch & read the values of Soil moisture, Humidity, Temperature and light of the environment that are constantly changed and controlled in order to get maximum development of plant. In this paper we present a system to monitor soil quality with the help of wireless sensor nodes. The data is acquired from each sensor used in this system. In past Attention was needed for a farmer to protect his field from different disasters caused either by human or by nature. Efforts of human are not sufficient and also farmer has to pay for manpower. Here we are using few sensors to monitor the field are Temperature sensor, Humidity Sensor, Soil Moisture sensor to check whether the field is dry or wet and a LDR to verify the lighting at that place. This system maintains the soil quality which is required to grow the particular crop properly. By using this project the farmer can Predict &Analyze the greenhouse parameters. Tomatoes & Brinjals these two crops are selected for the prediction & Analysis. Two samples of crops are taken and the system had been verified for these crops in greenhouse environment. Finally total power consumption and total expenditures consumed per year is estimated for controlling devices. Because of this the farmers will be able to predict the total amount for controlling action of crops for next year. By using this system it is seen that with controlling action the product quality & quantity is increased than crops grows without controlling action.
Soil moisture sensor
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Use the ″3414″ regression design model to studied the effect of N,P and K fertilizer application on soil nutrient dynamic change and yield in wheat through field experimentation and chemical analysis.The results indicates that,the change of soil nutrient content exhibits a definite rules and a reasonable application of fertilizer could increase wheat yield by 20.57%-41.39%,the treatment of N2P2K2(N 255 kg/ha,P2O5 150 kg/ha,K2O 150 kg/ha)was the best.And at the base of experiment,the yield model of the fertilizers is Y=5 720.338+5.142 8N+12.028 7P+7.322 9K-0.012 1N2-0.038 7P2-0.021 6K2+0.008 8NP-0.000 5NK-0.002 8PK,and its top yield is at 8 083.16 kg/ha while the application quantity of N,P2O5 and K2O is at 275.17,181.10 and 154.59 kg/ha;Its the economical and reasonable quantity of fertilizers application are 212.31,152.23 and 117.51 kg/ha while the wheat yield is 7 985.18 kg/ha,the profits of applying fertilizer is 948.62 yuan/ha.
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The design of a greenhouse mainly depends on the type of plants to be grown in the greenhouse, the light and heat requirements of plants, season of crop cultivation, desired degree of automation, topography, climate and mode of business. Environmental control can be achieved if greenhouse is designed accordingly by considering the optimum responses of the crop. Since the natural environment and the input availability may not be optimum as a place for proper growth, the controlled environment greenhouse is the right approach for maximising productivity. This paper elucidates the number of structural and operational design as well as the optimum level of environmental parameters for enhancing productivity in an energy efficient and economically viable solar greenhouse.
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Smart greenhouses use Internet of Things (IoT) technology to monitor and control various factors that affect plant growth, such as soil humidity, indoor humidity, soil temperature, rain sensor, illumination, and indoor temperature. Sensors and actuators connected to an IoT network can collect data on these factors and use it to automate processes such as watering, heating, and ventilation. This can help optimize growing conditions and improve crop yield. To enable their vegetative growth and development, plants need the right amount of water at the right time. The objective of this work is to strictly control the different factors that affect the growth of greenhouse crops. Therefore, we need a non-linear prediction model to perform greenhouse crop irrigation prediction. During operation, the system receives the input commands via sensors and then predicts the next watering run. The irrigation is predicted using GRU, LSTM, and BLSTM and a comparison was made between the results of the three techniques, and the technique with the best result was selected.
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For a more sustainable greenhouse horticulture, a considerable reduction of the use of energy is needed, but trade-offs with production and quality are not acceptable. The Next Generation Greenhouse Cultivation is a concept for energy saving, consisting of modules that can be implemented step by step into practice. Use of highly insulating screens, forced ventilation and the integration capacity of a crop are the main components of the concept. To validate the results of a desk study an experiment in a greenhouse of 1000 m2 equipped according to the concept was performed. The experiment proved that it was possible to produce 69 kg.m-2 truss tomatoes with an energy demand for heating of 750 MJ.m-2. In the Netherlands, this concept is currently applied in practical tomato cultivation and in several other crops.
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Greenhouses are a type of cultivation method used to optimize the production of crops by using controlled climatic conditions and other external factors. They are widely used in agriculture both globally and locally. Vertical farming is the modern practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers in warehouses that aims to optimize and develop plant growth by using controlled environment agriculture. This type of agriculture concept is practiced in Sri Lanka at present. This research paper proposes a robot which consists of a specific navigation system and harvesting mechanism that can be used inside greenhouses. The proposed system can be implemented to harvest lettuce in the vertical farming greenhouses where lettuce needs to be harvested with care to ensure the supermarket quality. The above-mentioned system helps to detect the diseases of plants also where a lot of time can be saved, and less effort is made with the use of this type of implementation.
Precision Agriculture
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The approach of fertilizer recommendations was proposed by Ramamoorthy et al. (1967), called the fertilizer application for targeted yield, taking into account the relationship between the yield and total uptake of nutrients, the efficiency of soil available nutrients and fertilizer nutrients for contributing to the total uptake. As discussed by Ramamoorthy and Pathak (1969), this approach provides the real balance in fertilizer use taking into account the crop needs and the soil available nutrients. Among the various methods of formulating fertilizer recommendations, the one based on yield targeting is unique. This method not only indicates soil test based fertilizer dose but also the level of yield. From the point of view of soil plant system, this approach is also unique, which provides the scientific basis for balanced fertilization not only between the fertilizer nutrients themselves but also that with soil available nutrients. For a given soil type crop-agroclimatic conditions, the essential basic data required for targeted yields are NR (Nutrient Requirement), CS (Contribution from Soil) and CF (Contribution from Fertilizer).
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In Egypt, Agriculture assumes a huge role within the improvement in food protection. Moreover, there is a faster progression in the innovation of monitoring the agricultural conditions to increase the quality of production in the field. Various cultivating conditions like light, soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and so forth are viewed and restricted via checking and controlling devices. In this paper, we propose a utilizing IOT innovation to help farm's owner to control and monitor through screen and sense valuable information from their farms by their smartphone application to help in the quality improvement and the crop amount. The proposed system offers a full-automated control over the climate changes in the greenhouse to improve the agricultural conditions for the different plants in the greenhouse.
Agricultural management
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