Measurement of directional muon beams generated at the Berkeley Lab
Laser Accelerator
Davide TerzaniS. KisyovS. GreenbergL. PottierMaria MironovaAlex PicksleyJoshua StackhouseHai-En TsaiRaymond LiE. RockafellowT. HeimMaurice Garcia-SciveresC. BenedettiJ.D. ValentineH. M. MilchbergK. NakamuraA. J. GonsalvesJeroen van TilborgC. B. SchroederE. EsareyC. G. R. Geddes
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We present the detection of directional muon beams produced using a PW laser at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The muon source is a multi-GeV electron beam generated in a 30 cm laser plasma accelerator interacting with a high-Z converter target. The GeV photons resulting from the interaction are converted into a high-flux, directional muon beam via pair production. By employing scintillators to capture delayed events, we were able to identify the produced muons and characterize the source. Using theoretical knowledge of the muon production process combined with simulations that show outstanding agreement with the experiments, we demonstrate that the multi-GeV electron beams produce muon beams with GeV energies and fluxes, at a few meters from the source, up to 4 orders of magnitude higher than cosmic ray muons. Laser-plasma-accelerator-based muon sources can therefore enhance muon imaging applications thanks to their compactness, directionality, and high fluxes which reduce the exposure time by orders of magnitude compared to cosmic ray muons. Using the Geant4-based simulation code we developed to gain insight into the experimental results, we can design future experiments and applications based on LPA-generated muons.I present a scheme to obtain a 2 to 40 GeV low emittance muon beam, not requiring cooling and within today’s technological resources, to be used for early commissioning of muon accelerator projects, or alternatively dedicated muon and neutrino parameter measurements. In particular, a muon rate of 5 × 10^4 𝜇/s in a normalized transverse emittance of 5 𝜋 𝜇m at 22 GeV, and energy spread of 1 GeV obtained from 𝑂 (10^11 ) e+ /s on target at 44 GeV. This emittance is below the expected results of advanced emittance cooling techniques for muons produced from protons-on-target, and represents an alternative for the duration of complete muon cooling studies. The scheme has beam designed to adjust the muon beam energy in the GeV energy range to the needs for precise parameter measurements of muons and neutrinos. Furthermore, the muon rate could be in principle increased proportionally to the availability of higher positron rates, already foreseen for future collider projects.
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For the last 30 years, muon experiments at ISIS pulsed neutron and muon facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire have been making a significant contribution to a number of scientific fields. The muon facilities at ISIS consist of eight experimental areas. The European Commission Muon facility consists of three experimental areas with a fixed momentum (28 MeV c −1 ). The RIKEN-RAL facility has a variable momentum (17–90 MeV c −1 ) and a choice of negative or positive muons delivering muons to four experimental areas. There is also an area recently used for a muon ionization cooling experiment. In this paper, the ISIS pulsed muon facilities are reviewed, including the beam characteristics that could be useful for muography experiments. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘Cosmic-ray muography’.
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We are currently studying the associated production of prompt muons and other particles produced in n‐Be collisions in the M‐3 neutral beam at Fermilab. The muon arm of our two‐arm spectrometer provides excellent hadron rejection and accepts particles of transverse momentum greater than 0.35 GeV/c. The muon momentum is measured with an accuracy of about ±25%. The precision forward arm of the spectrometer has large acceptance (x≳0.2) and is instrumented with equipment for lepton identification. The system is triggered whenever one or more charged particles traverse the muon arm in conjunction with at least one charged particle in the forward arm. Preliminary distributions for particles in the muon arm will be presented.
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One is currently studying the associated production of prompt muons and other particles produced in n-Be collisions in the M-3 neutral beam at Fermilab. The muon arm of our two-arm spectrometer provides excellent hadron rejection and accepts particles of transverse momentum greater than 0.35 GeV/c. The muon momentum is measured with an accuracy of about +-25 percent. The precision forward arm of the spectrometer has large acceptance (x greater than 0.2) and is instrumented with equipment for lepton identification. The system is triggered whenever one or more charged particles traverse the muon arm in conjunction with at least one charged particle in the forward arm. Preliminary distributions for particles in the muon arm are presented.
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The world strongest pulsed muon facility has been operated since 2008 in J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex). This facility utilizes 3-GeV proton to produce muon beam, and thus the negative pion and also negative muon yields are superior to the other meson factories in the world. We try to slow down these negative muons. Negative slow muon beam is desired to check the standard model and search a new physical rule, as well as various applications in material science.
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I present a scheme to obtain a 2 to 40 GeV low emittance muon beam, not requiring cooling and within today's technological resources, to be used for early commissioning of muon accelerator projects, or alternatively dedicated muon and neutrino parameter measurements. In particular, a muon rate of 5x10^4 mu/s in a normalized transverse emittance of 5 um at 22 GeV, and energy spread of 1 GeV obtained from O(10^11) e+/s on target at 44 GeV. This emittance is below the expected results of advanced emittance cooling techniques for muons produced from protons-on-target, and represents an alternative for the duration of complete muon cooling studies. The scheme has beam designed to adjust the muon beam energy in the GeV energy range to the needs for precise parameter measurements of muons and neutrinos. Although the rate is small compared to other muon sources, it does not seem to represent a big limitation for its usage. Furthermore, the muon rate could be in principle increased proportionally to the availability of higher positron rates, already foreseen for future collider projects.
Muon collider
Neutrino Factory
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