How does the position of the pelvis and femur influence the selection of prosthesis size during 2D preoperative planning for total hip arthroplasty?
Junzhe WuChaohui LinXunrong ZhuangLijiang HeJiawei WangXiaohua ZhouNan‐Jie XuHongguan XieH.K LvHui YeRongmou Zhang
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Abstract Purpose Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is the primary treatment for hip diseases today. Nevertheless, total hip arthroplasty has its challenges, and one of these challenges is the potential for incorrect execution of the preoperative planning process. Such errors can lead to complications such as loosening and instability of the prosthesis and leg length discrepancy. In this study, we used human phantoms to investigate the influence of pelvic and femoral factors on prosthesis size selection in the preoperative planning of total hip arthroplasty and to provide a reference standard for clinical imaging in preoperative planning of total hip arthroplasty. Methods In this experiment, we utilised a custom-made experimental device that enabled us to manipulate the movement of the pelvis and femur in various directions. The device also incorporated sensors to control the angle of movement. By obtaining X-rays from different positions and angles, we were able to determine the size of the prosthesis based on the 2D preoperative planning generated by the mediCAD software. Results When the pelvis was in a nonneutral position, the size of the acetabular cup varied within a range of three sizes. Similarly, when the femur was in a nonneutral position, the size of the femoral stem varied within a range of two sizes. The movement of the pelvis and femur in the coronal plane, relative to the neutral position, did not impact the selection of the prosthesis size. However, the motion of the pelvis and femur in the sagittal and transverse planes had a notable effect. Conclusion The selection of the prosthesis size for preoperative planning can be significantly influenced by specific positions of the pelvis and femur. It is crucial for the radiographer to ensure that the pelvis and femur maintain a standard neutral position, particularly in the sagittal and transverse planes, during the image acquisition process.Cite
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Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine whether oblique sagittal T2‐weighted images of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are better prescribed off axial or coronal localizing images. Thirty‐one patients underwent two sets of oblique sagittal T2‐weighted fast spin‐echo sequences to evaluate the ACL. One oblique was prescribed from a coronal localizing sequence, while the other was prescribed off an axial series. Objective (average number of images to demonstrate ACL) and subjective (radiologist's confidence level) evaluations of both sequences were performed independently of the other and then comparatively by two radiologists. The coronally prescribed sagittal oblique was subjectively preferred in 18 patients, the axially prescribed oblique was preferred in one patient, and both sequences were felt to be equivalent in 12 patients. In 13 intact ligaments, the average number of images clearly demonstrating the entire length of the ACL was 1.77 on the coronally prescribed sequence and 1.31 on the axially prescribed images. Oblique sagittal images prescribed off a coronal localizer are both subjectively and objectively more effective than axially prescribed sagittal obliques in evaluating the ACL. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;14:203–206. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Axial symmetry
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Objective To improve the visualization of anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and investigate the optimal MRI plane for the bundles at a 3.0 T MR scanner.Methods MR images of 149 knee joints were reviewed retrospectively.Display rates of AMB,PLB and their different parts (the top portion,the middle portion and the low portion) on MR different planes including axial,sagittal and coronal planes were analyzed and their differences were compared with the x2 section method.Results There was no statistical difference in the display rates of two bundles of ACL between axial plane ( 115/149,77.2％ ) and coronal plane (103/149,69.1％ ) (x2 =2.4606,P ＞0.0125 ).Statistical differences were found between axial and sagittal plane,coronal plane and sagittal plane (21/149,14.1％ ) ( x2 =119.5138,92.8695 respectively,P ＜0.0125 ).There was a statistical difference for the top portion of ACL between axial plane ( 104/149,69.8％ ) and coronal plane,sagittal (0/149,0)and coronal planes ( 7/149,4.7％ ) ( x2 =135.081,159.7526 respectively,P ＜ 0.0125 ),between sagittal and coronal planes (x2 =7.1684,P ＜ 0.0125 ).For the middle portion of ACL,there was no statistical difference between axial plane ( 108/149,72.5％ ) and coronal plane (94/149,63.1％ ) (x2 =3.0120,P ＞ 0.0125 ),while statistical differences were found between axial and sagittal plane,coronal planes and sagittal plane ( 10/149,6.7％ ) ( x2 =134.7454,104.2173 respectively,P ＜ 0.0125 ).For the low portion of ACL,there was no statistical difference between axial plane ( 103/149,69.1％ ) and coronal plane (101/149,73.8％ ) (x2 =0.8065,P ＞0.0125),while statistical differences were detected between axial and sagittal plane,coronal planes and sagittal plane ( 18/149,12.1％ ) ( x2 =100.5300,115.9132,P ＜ 0.0125 ). The different parts of ACL displayed low intensity on different MR planes and normal morphology.Conclusions ACL can be displayed on conventional MR planes at a 3.0 T MR scanner to some extent.Axial and coronal planes might be the optimal MRI planes for ACL and its two bundles.
Key words:
Magnetic resonance imaging; Anterior cruciate ligament; Knee joint
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The purpose of this work is to identify what features of overall spinal sagittal shape are associated with coronal asymmetry in those without scoliosis. Using a longitudinal analysis of Integrated Shape Imaging System 2 (ISIS2) surface topography images of those without scoliosis, measures of coronal asymmetry, along with measures of spinal sagittal shape (kyphosis, lordosis and sagittal imbalance, which is a measure of the position of the top of the thoracic spine relative to the sacrum) were analysed using linear mixed effect models (LMEM), which is a method of analysing the components of a complex model (such as that describing overall spinal shape), to ascertain the relative relationships between the parameters. Data was also analysed when subdivided for the anatomical level of coronal asymmetry (thoracic or thoracolumbar/lumbar pattern). There were 784 measures from 196 children. Kyphosis had little effect on coronal asymmetry for males and females, lordosis increased with coronal asymmetry in females only and sagittal imbalance increased with coronal asymmetry in males only. The results of the LMEM modelling were that the parameters related to coronal asymmetry were lordosis and sagittal imbalance. In thoracic coronal asymmetry, whilst lordosis was predominant, kyphosis played more of a role. In thoracolumbar/lumbar coronal asymmetry, lordosis and sagittal imbalance were the larger coefficients. Coronal asymmetry of the spine in those without scoliosis is related to features of spinal sagittal shape, particularly lordosis and sagittal imbalance. This knowledge adds to the understanding of the aetiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
Kyphosis
Rachis
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Background: A comprehensive exploration evaluating left-to-right knee symmetry across all anatomical planes utilizing three-dimensional (3D) scans stands absent from the existing body of research. Therefore, the primary objectives of this investigation involved examining potential differences and resemblances in alignment and structure between left and right non-osteoarthritic (native) knees in various planes (coronal, sagittal, and axial) using three-dimensional single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) images. Methods: A total of 282 native knees from 141 patients were retrospectively gathered from the hospital’s records. Patients, aged between 16 and 45, who underwent Tc99m-methyl diphosphonate SPECT/CT scans for both knees, adhering to the Imperial Knee Protocol, were included. A statistical analysis was conducted, including 23 knee morphometric parameters, comparing left and right knees, and classifying them based on functional knee phenotypes across the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. Results: Regarding the functional coronal knee phenotype, 26% of patients (n = 37) exhibited identical phenotypes in both knees (p < 0.001). Significant correlated similarities between the left and right knees were observed in the coronal plane (Pearson’s r = 0.76, 0.68, 0.76, 0.76, p < 0.001) and in several morphometric measures in the sagittal plane (Pearson’s r = 0.92, 0.72, 0.64, p < 0.001). Moderately correlated similarities were noted in the axial plane (Pearson’s r = 0.43, 0.44, 0.43, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Only 26% of native knees exhibit an identical coronal phenotype in their contralateral knee, whereas 67% have the adjacent coronal phenotype. Strongly correlated resemblances were established across various left and right knee morphometric parameters in the coronal, sagittal, and axial planes. These findings could enhance decisions in procedures like total knee arthroplasties or osteotomies, where alignment is key to outcomes, and reveal a potential for future artificial intelligence-driven models to improve our understanding and improve personalized treatment strategies for knee osteoarthritis.
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To evaluate the use of coronal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in assessment of disk position in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), sagittal and coronal 1.5-T MR images were obtained of 158 TMJs in 79 patients. From the sagittal images, medial or lateral displacement was suspected in 24 joints. Displacement could be confirmed from coronal images in 21 joints but could not be confirmed in three. In 18 other joints, the coronal images revealed a lateral or medial displacement that was not evident on sagittal images. In seven of these 18, displacement was purely lateral or purely medial, whereas the other 11 had a combination of anterior and lateral or medial displacement. On the basis of only sagittal images, the seven with pure displacement would have been diagnosed as normal. Use of the coronal plane added diagnostic information to that obtained with sagittal imaging and may increase diagnostic accuracy. Coronal images are therefore recommended as a supplement to sagittal images in MR imaging evaluation of the TMJ.
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Objective:To investigate the characteristics of lumber posterior intraosseous cartilaginous node(LPMN) with multislice CT(MSCT),and to determine effectiveness of MSCT in diagnosis of LPMN.Methods:Twenty-five cases with LPMN underwent MSCT scans,and multiplanar reformation(MPR) on axial,sagittal and coronal plane,on the basis of thin slice reformation.To analyze and compare the MRP on axial,sagittal and coronal plane.Results:MPR on axial plane well displayed of defect of lumber posterior and chip,and with disk herniation could be showed together.MRP on sagittal plane was an advantageous addition to on axial plane,and displayed spinal stenosis clearly.MRP on coronal plane could provide information helpful to the diagnosis of LPMN.Conclusion:MSCT and MPR had important value in diagnosis of LPMN.
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Purpose: to compare standard MR sagittal and coronal imaging of the knee with the MR technique of finer sagittal imaging and subsequent reconstruction in any plane Material and Methods: Forty-seven patients took part in the study. Two radiologists each made two independent interpretations in every case, based on images of: a) 4-mm sagittal and coronal slices; and b) 1.2-mm sagittal slices with subsequent reconstruction Results: We found no significant difference in diagnostic efficacy between the two MR techniques. the reconstruction in any desired plane involved a potential reduction of 10 min in examination time but an increase of approximately 20 min in postprocessing time Conclusion: the use of multiplanar reconstruction offered no additional diagnostic value and no saving of time
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To determine the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in the assessment of disk position, disk form, and changes in the osseous components, 55 fresh cadaver joints were imaged. A 1.5-T imager was used in the sagittal and coronal planes. After MR imaging, the joints were cryosectioned in the coronal plane corresponding to the coronal image through the center of the joint. The joints were then remounted and sectioned serially in the sagittal plane from lateral to medial, corresponding to the sagittal MR images. MR images were interpreted by the two authors together, without knowledge about cryosectional findings. The cryosections were interpreted by the authors together, without knowledge of the MR imaging findings. MR imaging was 95% accurate in the assessment of disk position and disk form and 93% accurate in the assessment of osseous changes. Coronal images helped avoid a false-negative diagnosis in 13% (n = 7) of the joints. MR imaging with a surface coil appears to be an accurate method for the assessment of soft and hard tissues of the TMJ.
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BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides structural characterization of brain lesions, by measuring volume of axial, sagittal and coronal planes through two dimensional slices. The purpose of this study was to characterize and identify the orthogonal imaging planes to detect non tumour lesions of brain through MRI. METHODS This study included 81 patients, both males and females, suspected of brain lesions and underwent MRI for diagnosis. The variations in the volume of the anatomical structures were measured and compared the planes as axial and sagittal, axial and coronal and coronal and sagittal for non-tumour brain lesions. RESULTS The present study revealed the differences in the measurement of volume in nontumour lesions (N = 81) in axial, sagittal and coronal planes. It was found that the volume of axial planes (9.2) is more dominant than the sagittal (9.1) and coronal planes (8.8) in non-tumour lesions. Statistical analysis was done by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 16 software). Two way/Friedman test were used for comparing the three groups. CONCLUSIONS This study concluded that, in most of the brain lesions irrespective of the type of tumours, axial planes helps more in the detection of tumour volume as compared to sagittal and coronal planes for precise diagnosis of brain lesions. KEY WORDS Axial Plane; Coronal Plane; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Non-Tumour Brain Lesions; Sagittal Plane.
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