Improving transmission line stability: Feasibility study for low wind resistance conductors
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of different section shapes of low resistance wire on the performance of reducing wind resistance in wind tunnel experiments. Transmission wire is the key component of power system, its design is very important to improve the transmission efficiency of electric energy and the stable operation of power grid. In order to deeply understand the influence of different section shapes on the wind resistance performance of the conductor, we conducted a series of wind tunnel experiments, and adopted reasonable measurement techniques and data analysis methods to evaluate the effectiveness of low wind resistance conductor design. The different section shapes used in this study include the traditional circular section, the section with semicircular groove and the unconventional section shape with narrow arc groove. By comparing the wind resistance coefficients of these wires, we can gain insight into the influence of different shapes on the wind resistance performance of the wires, and how to minimize the wind resistance and improve the stability of power transmission. The experimental results show that the wind resistance coefficient of the non-conventional wire is lower than that of the traditional circular wire at high wind speed, and the wind resistance performance is improved. In addition, we also analyze the difference of wind resistance performance of different shapes of low wind resistance wires under different wind speed conditions, which provides an important reference for the design of low wind resistance wires in practical power systems.Keywords:
Line (geometry)
Calculation of Electric Field and Temperature of Overhead Transmission Lines with Covered Conductors
Due to advantages of increase of safety and reduction of short circuit, overhead transmission lines with covered conductors have spread gradually. Analytical expressions of electric field to overhead transmission lines with covered conductors are presented. Calculation methods of allowable current and temperature to covered conductors are presented. Calculations of electric field and temperature of overhead lines with bare and covered conductors are taken. Results show differences of electric field and temperature to overhead lines with bare conductors and covered conductors.
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In terms of the requirement for construction of resource-conserving type of transmission lines during the 11~(th) Five Year Plan,the author of this paper made a detailed comment on the existing conductors and those newly developed conductors at home and abroad in recent years for their properties and applications and suggested that for the conductors for main lines,the focus should be on energy-saving and saving the land for power lines and the possibility of safe operation under the N-1 condition;for the conductors for renovation of old power lines,the focus should be on the sag characteristics with increased capacity due to renovation.The author presented the production,R D and scale of the conductors for transmission lines in China and the principle for R D of new conductors,indicating innovation is of most importance.
Power transmission
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Electromagnetic environment is a significant and key problem in the construction and development of UHV transmission system.Several factors,such as the height of phase conductors,wire spacing,number of split conductors,spacing of split conductors,lightning lines and etc,which can influence the power frequency electric field of 1 000 kV UHV transmission lines at ground level,are simulated and analyzed,respectively.And the strategies to decrease electric field strength are also given.
Electromagnetic environment
Lightning
Power transmission
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This paper presents a computational tool intended to calculate and minimize the electric fields at ground level of High Surge Impedance Loading transmission lines. This type of transmission line achieves higher power transmission rates by utilizing optimized configuration for the phase conductors. This method is advantageous over other actions taken by the utility company such as increasing the maximum operation temperature of the line, increasing the size of the conductors or the utilization of multiple conductor per phase. In the present work, an enhanced Differential Evolution Method is applied to find a non conventional optimized configuration for the phase conductors with reduced electric field profiles at ground level.
Characteristic impedance
Line (geometry)
Power transmission
Differential Evolution
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Modelling non-uniformities in power transmission lines for high frequencies has been a subject of interest. However, the classical multi-conductor transmission line (MTL) models used in Electromagnetic transient (EMT)-type simulators are valid only for uniform lines. Although non-uniformities in lines can be solved using full-wave techniques, they are computationally cumbersome and are therefore rarely used in power system transient simulators. This paper proposes a novel transmission line model based on scattering theory that can simulate bends in transmission lines. Solutions of the proposed model are obtainable with the same amount of computer resources as for a classical MTL model and therefore is a viable candidate for modelling non-uniform transmission lines in EMT-type simulators. Results obtained using the proposed model have been compared with those obtained using full-wave techniques.
Transient (computer programming)
Line (geometry)
Telegrapher's equations
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The paper presents a comparison between exact, image, and transmission line models for high frequency analysis of a horizontal thin-wire conductor in finitely conductive earth. The main objective of this study is to indicate the cases of applicability of the proposed image and transmission line models in practical EMC studies.
Line (geometry)
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The book chapter considers transmission lines and cables focusing specifically on: Bergeron's model; frequency-dependent transmission lines; overhead transmission line parameters and underground cable parameters. For all except very short transmission lines travelling wave transmission line models are preferable. If frequency dependence is important, then a frequency transmission line dependent model will be used. Details of transmission line geometry and conductor data are then required in order to calculate accurately the frequency-dependent electrical parameters of the line. The simulation time-step must be based on the shortest response time of the line.
Line (geometry)
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POWER TRANSMISSION at 330 kv is now an accomplished fact in the United States and it seems quite likely that still higher voltage lines may be needed in the near future. Although several of the present 330-kv lines use a single 1.75-inch diameter conductor, it is anticipated higher voltage lines may be built with bundled conductors.
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IT is expected that extensive application of bundled conductors will be made to extra high voltage lines of the future when considered in terms of the successful operation of present lines which are so equipped. In particular, lines equipped with bundled conductors have been found to perform very favorably with regard to the production of corona and radio interference. Hence, an analysis of the radio interference characteristics of bundled conductors should be of considerable interest to those concerned with the design of the transmission lines of the future.
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In this chapter, the authors discusses the travelling wave transmission line models. The frequency dependent transmission line model was presented. Details of transmission line geometry and conductor data are required in order to calculate accurately the frequency-dependent electrical parameters of the line. The simulation time step was based on the shortest response time of the line. The chapter also presents the phase-domain models which is the most accurate and robust for detailed transmission line representation. Calculation of electrical parameters for overhead power transmission lines and underground power cables were also demonstrated.
Line (geometry)
Overhead line
Power transmission
Polyphase system
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