Assessment of Potential of Sugarcane Bagasse as Substrate in the Growth of Selected Fungal Species
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The cost of culture media is continuously rising at a very fast rate, thus, there is need to devise means by which low-cost media of comparative performance could be produced. This study was aimed at assessing the potential of sugarcane bagasse (one of the major waste biomasses in Northern Nigeria) to directly support fungal growth, as it contains a considerable amount of nutrients for growth. Isolates of Aspergillus flavus and Trichophyton species obtained from the Department of Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria were used for this study. The sugarcane bagasse was dried, cut into smaller pieces then ground into finer particles (1-2mm diameter) using a milling machine and sterilized in Petridishes by autoclaving. The fungal isolates Aspergillus flavus and Trichophyton species were resuscitated and authenticated using standard procedures, and then inoculated aseptically onto duplicate plates of the sugarcane bagasse and other minerals, and incubated at a temperature of 25oC for 7days. It was observed that the sugarcane bagasse supported a luxuriant and rapid growth of both fungi without any visible form of contamination. It was also observed that A. flavus grew more luxuriantly, consuming about 52.5% of the original amount of the bagasse than Trichophyton species, which consumed 32.5%. Sugarcane bagasse as a growth medium does not essentially meet the needs for growth of every microbe, most especially bacteria, and therefore, it can be used effectively to minimize contamination by microorganisms other than fungi. It can therefore be used as a good alternative and cheaper medium for the detection of fungi in the laboratory. This could also be an easier and cost-effective means by which wastes such as sugarcane bagasse could be removed from the environment, as opposed to using hazardous methods like burning, which could cause air pollution.Keywords:
Bagasse
Fungal growth
Cane
The structure properties of sugarcane bagasse were characterized to distinguish the differences between untreated and chemically treated sugarcane bagasse. 5% sodium hydroxide solution was used as an alkaline pre-treatment. The crystallinity index (CI) for both untreated and chemically treated sugarcane bagasse was determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that alkali-treated has higher crystallinity index compared to untreated sugarcane bagasse. Then, the samples underwent fermentation process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae sp. The bio-ethanol yield production between untreated and chemically treated sugarcane bagasse was analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The result showed that untreated sugarcane bagasse has higher production of bio-ethanol yield (25%) compared to chemically treated sugarcane bagasse (15%). It was concluded that 5% NaOH has degraded the present sugar content inside the sugarcane bagasse. The higher degradation of sugar content by alkaline pre-treatment subsequently reduced the production of bio-ethanol. It was suggested that NaOH concentrations above 1% might not be suitable for the pre-treatment
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Sugarcane bagasse is one of the agricultural residues from sugar making industry.The usage of this organic waste has not been widely discovered here in Malaysia.In Malaysia sugar industry,estimated one tons of sugarcane generates 280 kg of bagasse.Sugarcane bagasse is a very good fibrous organic waste beside have a very high content of carbon. This research will be investigate the effectiveness of sugarcane bagasse as a material to adsorp oil and water. Other than that,the study is to increase the usage of sugarcane bagasse and reduce the number of organic waste produce by the industry.Raw bagasse and bagasse that is modified using sulphuric acid is used to determined the effectiveness of sugarcane bagasse as material to separate oil,which is in this research,crude palm oil is used.The research are done with different weight of bagasse for each bagasse sample and different size of bagasse.As a result, sugarcane bagasse can adsorp oil from the oil sample because of the high carbon content and adsorption is one of method for separation.The particle size are one of the factors effecting the adsorption capacity.The smaller particle size have greater surface area have higher adsorption capacity. Raw bagasse can adsorp more compare to that is modified using sulphuric acid.Chemical modification by using only sulphuric acid is not signifacantly increasing the adsorption capacity of the bagasse.Sugarcane bagasse can be one of the material to separate oil and water as an alternative method of separation.This alternative method can be used as one of the method to separate oil from water for cleaning the waste oil from oil spills as well as a method to separate oil from palm oil industrial waste.
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In this paper, bagasse (de-pithed bagasse) and bagasse pith were treated respectively, the process of hemicelluloses extraction was optimized, and some parameters which may affect the hemicelluloses yield were discussed, such as alkali charge, temperature and time of extraction. The results showed that the hemicelluloses yield of bagasse was obviously affected by the alkali charge and temperature of extraction increasing at the same liquid-to-solid ratio and time, and the maximum reached 18.47% (base on o.d.) . To bagasse pith, it could obtain hemicelluloses of 15.37% by the same treatment with bagasse. Therefore, both bagasse and bagasse pith were the good materials for hemicelluloses extraction.
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