Unveiling the Remarkable Potential of Geopolymer‐Based Materials by Harnessing Manganese Dioxide Incorporation (Small 5/2024)
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In the drinking water treatment, the aesthetic and color problem are caused by the manganese which is occurring and present in the surface, lake and ground water. The most common treatment processes for removing manganese are known for oxidation followed by filtration. In this study, the manganese sand process was used for removing manganese with river bank filtrate as a source. In the manganese sand process, the residual chlorine and pH are important factors on the continuous manganese oxidation. In addition, space velocity (SV) and alum dosage are play a role of manganese removal. Even though manganese removal increased with increasing chlorine concentration, the control of residual chlorine is actually difficult in this process As the results of tests, the residual chlorine concentration as well as manganese removal were effectively achieved at pH 7.5. The optimum attached manganese concentration on manganese sand was confirmed to 0.3mg/L by the experimental result of a typical sand converting to manganese sand.
Filtration (mathematics)
Alum
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Abstract In the smelting process of high manganese steel, the volatilization of manganese will be accompanied. In this article, the volatilization of manganese in high manganese steel was studied by simultaneous thermal analyzer. The results show that the volatilization rate of manganese in high manganese steel increases with increasing temperature and holding time. It is proved by experimental study and data analysis that manganese volatilization follows the first-order kinetics model, and the empirical formula of manganese evaporation is derived. The volatile products of manganese were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the volatile components of manganese mainly consisted of MnO, Mn 3 O 4 , Mn 2 O 3 , and MnO 2 . Combined with thermodynamics, the mechanism of manganese volatilization is further analyzed, and two forms of manganese volatilization in high manganese steel are revealed. One is that manganese atoms on the surface of high manganese steel and oxygen atoms in the gas form different types of manganese oxides and then volatilize at high temperature. The other way is that Mn atoms vaporize into Mn vapor and evaporate in high temperature environment, and then are oxidized into different types of manganese oxides. The results of theoretical calculation and experiment show that manganese volatilization is mainly in the first form.
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Water soluble
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Abstract Recent research reveals that formulation of blended geopolymers based on the association of two aluminosilicate precursors had a better performance than one precursor geopolymers. This study presents a facile method to enhance the compressive strength of fly ash-metakaolin blend geopolymer by incorporating monoaluminum phosphate (MAP) during the geopolymerization reaction. The effect of the thermal exposure on the microstructure and compressive strength of the geopolymer are investigated. Results show that the MAP is transformed to granule structures, bonded and surrounded by geopolymer gel. The unique microstructure increases the compressive strength of the room temperature curing geopolymer from 54.7 MPa to 64.21 MPa (14.8%) with an optimum addition of 1.0 wt% MAP. This enhancement in compressive strength was ensured by the formation of an amorphous structure of aluminosilicophosphate (SiO 2 .Al 2 O 3 .P 2 O 5 .nH 2 O) phase. At higher temperatures, the formation of stable crystalline phase of berlinite and nepheline contribute to strength retention of the geopolymer. Hereby, it can be concluded that the addition of 1.0wt% MAP in the geopolymer reinforced the structure.
Metakaolin
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Effects of manganese availability on soybean (Glycine max) growth,acquisition of manganese,iron and phosphorus were investigated. The results showed that soybean growth was significantly inhibited when manganese was deficient or beyond 50 μmol·L-1 in the media. With increase of manganese concentration,more manganese was accumulated in plants,especially in old leaves. Antagonistic effects were observed between manganese and iron. Acquisition of phosphorus was not affected by manganese availability. However,distribution of phosphorus in old and young leaves was significantly influenced by manganese deficiency.
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Characterization
Hybrid material
Foaming agent
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Plant Physiology
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纯 geopolymer 粘贴(poly-sialate PS， poly-sialate-siloxo PSS，和 poly-sialate-siloxo PSDS ) 的三种类型被激活的碱(NaOH 和 KOH ) 首先准备 metakaolin。然后，一个空空格网络被采用与他们的试验性的水银侵入曲线的参考越过各种各样的变硬的 geopolymer 粘贴的联合起来的房间模仿 3-D 毛孔喉咙分发。基于各种各样的 geopolymer 粘贴的模仿的 3-D 毛孔喉咙结构模型，象孔那样的大量毛孔级的性质，连接，渗透和扭曲被计算。结构的模型和计算参数显示出的 3-D 大多数在小睡 geopolymer 的毛孔粘贴，这是从 0 ～ 100 nm 的很小的尺寸毛孔。一些很大的毛孔在小毛孔之中被散布，导致一个很高的穿入压力，渗透抵抗。不同于小睡 geopolymer 浆糊，有 Na-PSS 的中等尺寸的毛孔尺寸， K-PS 和 K-PSS， geopolymer 粘贴在 3 geopolymer 粘贴越过联合起来的房间，和邻近的毛孔的尺寸变化一致地散布了，几乎不生产很少更高的穿入压力，更低的渗透，更小的连接和更大的扭曲是。相反，在 Na-PSDS 和 K-PSDS geopolymer 粘贴的毛孔集中性地相对大、分布式，它引起了样品被水银，甲烷和氮等等容易在相对低的压力下面渗透。
Metakaolin
Geopolymer cement
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This study investigated the one-part geopolymer synthesis by coal gasification slag through a calcination treatment. Two preparation methods, the traditional alkali fusion method (M-I) and the alkali fusion and modification method (M-II), were compared to illustrate the more suitable way for coal gasification slag-based one-part geopolymer (CGS-based geopolymer) synthesis. The reaction products and structure of the geopolymer were tested by XRD, FTIR, TG-DTG, and SEM. The results showed that the compressive strength of geopolymers prepared by M-I was raised as the NaOH amount increased, and the maximum compressive strength of geopolymers was achieved at 8.44 MPa. The low compressive strength suggested that M-I failed to be used for CGS-based geopolymer synthesis. When solid NaOH was selected for one-part geopolymer synthesis by M-II, the geopolymer possessed a compressive strength of 25.52 MPa and exhibited a well-combined and dense matrix. More Si and Al species in F-SH could be released for geopolymerization, and the coal gasification slag additive could be partially dissolved and act as the filler in the geopolymer matrix, which enhanced the geopolymerization degree. The M-II has been proven to be more suitable for preparing CGS-based geopolymers than the M-I.
Slag (welding)
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The nationally-recognized Susquehanna
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