Fatalism and Suicidal Behaviors Among Chinese College Students: The Mediating Role of Depressive Symptoms and the Moderating Role of Coping Strategies
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The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fatalism and suicidal behaviors, the mediating role of depressive symptoms, and the moderating effect of coping strategies on the mediating process. A total of 519 participants completed the Multidimensional Fatalism Scale for General Life Events, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale, the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire-Revised. Results suggest that depressive symptoms partially mediated the relationship between fatalism and suicidal behaviors. Active coping moderated the mediating effect of depressive symptoms. The higher the active coping level, the weaker the mediating effect. The findings revealed that the mechanism of fatalism affecting suicidal behaviors, and had theoretical and empirical value for the prevention and intervention of suicide among college students.Keywords:
Fatalism
Background: One of every three women between 18 and 24 years of age may be significantly depressed. Younger women have shown increasing rates of unipolar depression since the 1950s, and the average age of onset continues to decline. Objectives: To examine the prevalence and correlates of high depressive symptoms in single college women 18 to 24 years of age. Negative thinking was posited to mediate the relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. Methods: A sample of 246 women was recruited from a university student body. Each woman completed a survey that included the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, the Crandell Cognitions Inventory, and the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire. Results: Of the women, 35% had high depressive symptoms. Negative thinking mediated the relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms. However, self-esteem also showed a weak direct effect on depressive symptoms. Conclusion: The findings suggest that negative thinking may play an important role in the development of depressive symptoms in college women.
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Abstract The present paper shows that while the concept of fatalism is all-pervasive in Arabic, it is kept to a minimum in English. Consequently, the translator into English is unlikely to be able to conserve the fatalism of Arabic expressions. Four areas are used to draw evidence for this cultural barrier: death terms, discourse conditionals, tautological expressions, and proverbial expressions. In most cases, the translator is forced to adopt functional equivalents, despite the fact that fatalism is missed in the functionally corresponding expressions.
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I maintain that fatalistic tendencies are the output of the interaction between cultural factors (and in particular of religious beliefs) and historical Institutional experience. Using WVS data this idea has been tested against two well known sociological theories on the origin of fatalism: Weberian cosmological fatalism and Durkheim’s structural fatalism. The data supports the Durkheimian idea that a more regulated society tends to be also more fatalistic. Also the direct effect of religion on fatalistic beliefs seem to be an important element determining fatalistic tendencies. However there are not large differences across the various faiths. In other terms, being religious independently from the religious affiliation implies a more fatalistic view of life.
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The literature portrays fatalism as a behaviour, expressed through inaction, based on the perceived inability of the individual or group to overcome social and economic deprivation. The attitude of fatalism was found to affect the poor in some industrial countries, and to be widely characteristic of populations in developing countries. Research on fatalism among mothers of infants in Northeastern Brazil, where infant mortality rates are very high, produced conflicting results, with some researchers reporting high levels of fatalistic attitudes, and others identifying the absence of fatalistic behaviours, due to strong socio-cultural networks of support among the poor. In this paper, using multiple regression analysis, I argue that fatalism among the adult population in São Paulo is relatively low due to extensive social support, and further that social support acts to prevent and/or reduce fatalistic attitudes.
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I maintain that fatalistic tendencies are the output of the interaction between cultural factors (and in particular of religious beliefs) and historical Institutional experience. Using WVS data this idea has been tested against two well known sociological theories on the origin of fatalism: Weberian cosmological fatalism and Durkheim’s structural fatalism. The data supports the Durkheimian idea that a more regulated society tends to be also more fatalistic. Also the direct effect of religion on fatalistic beliefs seem to be an important element determining fatalistic tendencies. However there are not large differences across the various faiths. In other terms, being religious independently from the religious affiliation implies a more fatalistic view of life.
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In this dialogue I discuss the connection between eternalism (the view that past, present and future are equally real) and fatalism. I do not think, as some do, that eternalism implies fatalism, but I do think that eternalists can avoid fatalism only by denying a seemingly intuitive claim about what a traveller to the past cannot do.
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Given the increasing vehicle numbers and expanding road construction in developing countries, the importance of safe road user behaviour is critical. Road traffic crashes (RTCs) are a significant problem in Pakistan; however, the factors that contribute to RTCs in Pakistan are not well researched. Fatalistic beliefs are a potential barrier to the enhancement of road safety, especially participation in health-promoting and injury prevention behaviours, and also contribute to risk taking. Fatalistic beliefs relating to road safety have been found in some developing countries, although research is scarce and indicates that the nature and extent of fatalism differs in each country. Qualitative research was undertaken with a range of drivers, religious orators, police and policy makers to explore associations between fatalism, risky road use and associated issues. Findings indicate that fatalistic beliefs are pervasive in Pakistan, are strongly linked with religion, present a likely barrier to road safety messages and contribute to risky road use. Fatalism appears to be a default attribution of RTC and the intensity of belief in fate surpasses the kinds of fatalism noted in the limited existing literature. These findings have importance to developing road safety countermeasures in countries where fatalistic beliefs are strong.
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The nationally-recognized Susquehanna
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Changes in students’ depressive symptoms during the course of treatment at college counseling centers were examined by sexual orientation. In Study 1, results showed that depressive symptoms decreased similarly across sexual orientation groups during the course of treatment. In Study 2, family support did not moderate the relationship between pre‐ and posttreatment depressive symptoms but had a direct effect on posttreatment depressive symptoms for students questioning their sexual identity. Clinical implications are discussed.
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Given the increasing vehicle numbers and expanding road construction in developing countries, the importance of safe road user behaviour is critical. Road traffic crashes (RTC) are a significant problem in Pakistan, however the factors that contribute to RTC in Pakistan are not well-researched. Fatalistic beliefs are a potential barrier to the enhancement of road safety, especially participation in health-promoting and injury prevention behaviours, and also contribute to risk-taking. Fatalistic beliefs relating to road safety have been found in some developing countries, although again research is scarce and indicates that the nature and extent of fatalism differs in each country. Qualitative research was undertaken with a range of drivers, religious orators, police and policy makers to explore associations between fatalism, risky road use and associated issues. Findings indicate that fatalistic beliefs are pervasive in Pakistan, are strongly linked with religion, present a likely barrier to road safety messages and contribute to risky road use. Fatalism appears to be a default attribution of RTC and the intensity of belief in fate surpasses the kinds of fatalism noted in the limited existing literature. These findings have importance to developing road safety countermeasures in countries where fatalistic beliefs are strong.
Fatalism
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