Terahertz dichroic device withy multi-functionality, multi-band operation and multi-dimensional tunability
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Dichroic glass
Dichroism
Linear dichroism
Dichroic filter
A new method of measuring linear dichroism is described wherein the determination is carried out with a single spectral run without moving either sample or polarizer. It makes possible, for the first time, reliable quantitative measurements of dichroism. As examples, spectra (down to 180 mμ) of dichroic films of poly-L-lysine and of deoxyribonucleic acid are presented.
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Dichroic glass
Dichroism
Linear dichroism
Ultraviolet
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Dichroic glass
Dichroism
Cellulose triacetate
Linear dichroism
Polarized light microscopy
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Dichroic tomography is a 3D imaging technique in which the polarization of the incident beam is used to induce contrast due to the magnetization or orientation of a sample. The aim is to reconstruct not only the optical density but the dichroism of the sample. The theory of dichroic tomographic and laminographic imaging in the parallel-beam case is discussed as well as the problem of reconstruction of the sample's optical properties. The set of projections resulting from a tomographic/laminographic measurement is not sufficient to reconstruct the magnetic moment for magnetic circular dichroism unless additional constraints are applied or data are taken at two or more tilt angles. For linear dichroism, three polarizations or three tilt angles are required to provide enough information to reconstruct without constraints. Possible means of applying constraints are discussed. Furthermore, it is shown that for linear dichroism, the basic assumption that the absorption through a ray path is the integral of the absorption coefficient, defined on the volume of the sample, along the ray path, is not correct when dichroism or birefringence is strong. This assumption is fundamental to tomographic methods.
Dichroic glass
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Linear dichroism
Tomographic reconstruction
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We report a method to obtain a light-controllable dichroism. The main effect is achieved using spiropyran-doped (SP-doped) nematic liquid crystal mixtures. SP molecules exhibit a high solubility in the liquid crystal host, which can vary between 1% and 4% in weight, without destroying the liquid crystalline phase. Due to their elongated shape, SP molecules are oriented along the nematic liquid crystal director. The obtained linear dichroism was measured to be 1.08 with a dichroic ratio of 7.12. Further, a two-direction linear dichroism was obtained by adding a dichroic dye to the mixture. The angle between the two dichroic axes was found to be 11°. Two-direction linear dichroism is also light controllable and can be switched back to one-direction dichroism.
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Linear dichroism
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Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has emerged as a molecular-selective imaging technology based on optical absorption contrast. Dichroism-sensitive photoacoustic (DS-PA) imaging has been reported, where the absorption coefficient has a vector characteristic, featuring dimensions of contrast in polarization and wavelength. Herein, we present a DS-PA microscopy (DS-PAM) system that implements optical anisotropy contrast and molecular selectivity. Moreover, we propose mathematical solutions to fully derive dichroic properties. A wavelength for the PAI of collagenous tissue was used, and the proposed algorithms were validated using linear dichroic materials. We successfully mapped dichroic information in fibrous tissue imaging based on the degree of anisotropy and axis orientation, and also deduced mechanical assessment from the tissue arrangement. The proposed DS-PAM system and algorithms have great potential in various diagnostic fields using polarimetry, such as musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems.
Dichroic glass
Linear dichroism
Dichroism
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Dichroic glass
Linear dichroism
Dichroism
Polyene
Diphenylhexatriene
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Dichroic tomography is a 3D imaging technique in which the polarization of the incident beam is used to induce contrast due to the magnetization or orientation of a sample. The aim is to reconstruct not only the optical density but the dichroism of the sample. The theory of dichroic tomographic and laminographic imaging in the parallel-beam case is discussed as well as the problem of reconstruction of the sample's optical properties. The set of projections resulting from a tomographic/laminographic measurement is not sufficient to reconstruct the magnetic moment for magnetic circular dichroism unless additional constraints are applied or data are taken at two or more tilt angles. For linear dichroism, three polarizations or three tilt angles are required to provide enough information to reconstruct without constraints. Possible means of applying constraints are discussed. Furthermore, it is shown that for linear dichroism, the basic assumption that the absorption through a ray path is the integral of the absorption coefficient, defined on the volume of the sample, along the ray path, is not correct when dichroism or birefringence is strong. This assumption is fundamental to tomographic methods.
Dichroic glass
Dichroism
Linear dichroism
Tomographic reconstruction
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The discovery of magnetic dichroism in photoemission is celebrating its 25th anniversary this year. Here a review of the underlying general theory for the angular and spin dependence of dichroic core-level photoemission is presented using both a single-particle model and a many-body approach. The established methods of angular momentum coupling offer an elegant and powerful way to analyse the magnetic dichroism and spin polarization in photoemission from core and localized valence levels. In the presence of core-valence interactions one can distinguish different fundamental spectra, which via sum rules are related to physical properties described by coupled tensor operators for spin and orbital moments. By separating the angular dependence from the physical information, different geometries can be distinguished to measure the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD), linear dichroism (LD), circular dichroism in the angular dependence (CDAD), and magnetic linear dichroism in the angular dependence (MLDAD). Various ways to probe the core-hole polarization are discussed, such as using the angular dependence, moment analysis of the spectral distribution, and resonant photoemission decay.
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Dichroism
Linear dichroism
Vibrational Circular Dichroism
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Linear dichroism measurements are used to study a specimen of composition Y3Fe5-xSixO12 with x=0.08. After cooling the specimen to 1.9 K in an applied saturating magnetic field directed along the (111) crystallographic direction, a spontaneous dichroism of 9.6% was observed using radiation of wavelength 1250 nm; the dichroic axis was along the field direction. Removal of the applied field caused little change in the dichroism. However by irradiating the specimen with plane polarized near infrared radiation whose E vector was along the (111) direction, the dichroic axis was caused to rotate and to lie along this direction. The authors interpret this to mean that the magnetization of the specimen was also switched between these axes. However the rotation of the magnetization did not occur coherently throughout the whole irradiated volume of the specimen.
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Linear dichroism
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Dichroic glass
Dichroism
Linear dichroism
Chromophore
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