SNR enhancement of magnetic fields measurement with the diamond NV center using a compound filter system
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Abstract:
Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are progressively favored for room-temperature magnetic field measurement. The signal to noise ratio (SNR) optimization for NV diamond magnetometry generally concentrates on signal amplitude enhancement rather than efficient noise processing. Here, we report a compound filter system combining a wavelet denoising method and an adaptive filter for the realization of an efficient weak magnetic measurement with a high SNR. It allows enhanced magnetic field measurement with an average SNR enhancement of 17.80 dB at 50 nT within 500 mHz to 100 Hz and 14.76 dB at 500 mHz within 50 nT to 1100 nT. The introduction of this system in NV diamond magnetometry is aimed to improve signal quality by effectively eliminating the noise and retaining ideal signals.Keywords:
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A theory of the geological magnetic filter for improvement of the signal to noise ratio of the magnetic detection system has been developed. The geological magnetic filter takes two sequences of magnetic fields measured from the reference sensor and the detector sensor and calculates the correlations between them in the frequency domain. Using the filter, we can remove the coherent noises in the time domain and improve the signal to noise ratio of the magnetic anomaly detecting system. We show the ability of the geological magnetic filter under various circumstances through computer simulations. Numerical simulation results show that the geological magnetic filter can remove sensor misalignment effects and regular short range local noise as well as coherent noise.
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Denoising is an alternative for enhancing signal-to-noise ratio in high b-value diffusion imaging instead of prolonged acquisition time. We experimented a deep learning based denoising method on prospective high b-value DWI and visualized the impact of denoising using fractional anisotropy(FA) maps. Experiment was repeated for three different signal averages:1,2 4-NEX and two different slice thickness 1mm and 5mm with gold standard reference of 10-NEX images. The current work obtained average peak signal-to-noise ratio >34dB and SSIM >0.94 after denoising for FA maps. The PSNR and SSIM values in FA maps were modestly increased after denoising.
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Ground-based magnetometer at BIK records magnetic field variation with high sensitivity and 1-second time resolution. This paper will describe technique how to extract the Pc3 magnetic pulsation from data of ground-based magnetometer in BIK. We will also show that Pc3 magnetic pulsation has band-frequency in period between 10 – 45 second.
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Abstract : Measurements of the TMF on a water surface are made with magnetometers placed in a towed bird behind the ship. Towed component magnetometers are currently in the design and testing stage. In the present paper, the authors propose a magnetometer for direct measurement of the horizontal component of the TMF with indirect stabilization of the MFE of the quantum magnetometer (with a rigid mounting of the MFE in the towed bird).
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With the continuous improvement of weak magnetic detection technology, there has been a growing trend towards more compact and integrated magnetometer. The SERF magnetometer and the Mz magnetometer have many common features in operation. Therefore, we design a new kind of miniaturized atomic sensors to integrate the SERF magnetometer and the Mz magnetometer based on micro-fabricated alkali vapor cell. The sensor structure consists of alkali vapor cell, three-axis magnetic field coils, heating module and optical module. This small size sensor has the potential to achieve a portable multi-function device.
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Magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) is a passive method for detecting ferromagnetic objects to detect anomalies in the Earth's magnetic field, specific hidden targets. In this work, we aim at detecting a ferromagnetic moving target using a static referenced Total Field Magnetometer. We use the two magnetometers outputs to build a total magnetic field of the target. In most of the articles used Three-Axis Magnetometer but in this paper for the first time used One-Axis Magnetometer.This signal is subtract of two magnetometers outputs that we can use a signal integration to increase of SNR. Our analysis is supported by a computer simulation.The high detection probability and the simple implementation of the proposed method make it attractiv.
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In this paper, we developed and implemented the geological magnetic filter for the improvements of the signal to noise ratio of the magnetic detection system. Using the geological magnetic filter, we can remove the coherent noises in the time domain and improve the signal to noise ratio of the magnetic detection system. Numerical simulation results show that geological magnetic filter can excellently remove the sensor misalignment effects and the regular short range local noise as well as it delete the coherent noises. We confirmed that the geological magnetic filter improved the signal to noise ratio about 19dB and deleted the coherent noises with restoring the source magnetic signal through experiments by implemented system.
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Various possiblities for a distributed magnetometer network are considered. We discuss strategies such as croudsourcing smartphone magnetometer data, the use of trees as magnetometers, and performing interferometry using magnetometer arrays to synthesize the magnetometers into a large-scale low-frequency radio telescope. Geophysical and other applications of such a network are discussed.
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In this paper we describe a new design for an optically pumped tandem magnetometer situated at the GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam. A tandem magnetometer combines the fast response of a self-oscillating vapour magnetometer with the accuracy of a narrow line Mz-type magnetometer. A newly patented method of coupling the two sensors avoids any stray magnetic fields and so allows a compact design of the instrument itself, as well as facilitating its operation in close proximity to other magnetometers. A prototype Cs-K tandem magnetometer for use in magnetic observatories is described. We then show typical results of a long-term comparison with both a second type of optically pumped magnetometer and an Overhauser proton magnetometer. Finally, a resuméis given of four years of continuous operation of this new type of magnetometer with respect to the data quality produced and its operational reliability.
Tandem
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A paper on “The determination of the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic force at the Magnetic Observatory, Hermanus” by A. Ogg, B. Gotsman, and A. M. van Wijk [see 1 of “References” at end of paper], which dealt mainly with the theory of the Adolf Schmidt standard magnetometer and a simplified method of using it, contained results of the comparison of different types of horizontal‐intensity magnetometers. Since these results were published further data are available for this comparison. The magnetometers, which were available for this comparison, were the three la Cour horizontal‐force magnetometers (QHM) 29, 30, and 58; CIW magnetometer 17; the Adolf Schmidt standard magnetometer; and the F. E. Smith coil‐magnetometer.
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