A Tetrathiafulvalene-based Bimetal–Organic Framework for a Hybrid Lithium-Ion Capacitor: The Role of Bimetallic Centers in Charge Storage and Stability
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Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been found to be promising electrode materials for hybrid lithium-ion capacitors (HLICs) but face challenges due to their low capacity and cycling instability. Here, the first tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-based bimetallic TTFTB-MnCo-MOF 1 was directly used as the electrode material for lithium-ion batteries, which presents enhanced performance compared with the isomorphic monometallic electrodes. Comprehensive characterizations reveal that Mn(II) in 1 is beneficial to the cycling stability and Co(II) contributes to the high specific capacity. The 1||NMC 622 full cell presents a capacity of 154.9 mAh g–1 at 100 mA g–1 in the 200th cycle. 1||AC HLIC displays a high specific energy of 141.4 Wh kg–1 at a specific power of 0.25 kW kg–1 and stable cycling performance. The remarkable performance, long-term cycling stability, and low self-discharge rate of the device are greater than those of most reported HLICs.Keywords:
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Tetrathiafulvalene
Cycling
Highly dispersed NiCo bimetallic alloy nanoparticles have been successfully immobilized on the SiO2 frameworks by using heteronuclear metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as metal alloy precursors. Catalyst characterizations revealed that the average size of NiCo alloy particles was less than 1 nm, with a total metal loading of about 20 wt %. As compared to individual Ni or Co MOF-derived catalysts and the catalysts prepared by the conventional impregnation method, the ultrafine NiCo/SiO2-MOF catalyst showed a much better catalytic performance in the catalytic hydrogenation of furfuryl alcohol (FA) to tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) under mild conditions, giving 99.8% conversion of FA and 99.1% selectivity to THFA. It was found that a significant synergistic effect existed between Co and Ni within the subnanometer NiCo/SiO2-MOF catalyst, which was 2 and 20 times more active than Ni/SiO2-MOF and Co/SiO2-MOF, respectively.
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Furfuryl alcohol
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Heteronuclear molecule
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Bimetal interfaces hold the extraordinary potential to promote or suppress deformation twinning in nanostructured composites. This article constructs a methodology for developing maps for identifying the twinnability of chemically sharp, bimetal interfaces based on their structure and properties. The map is shown capable of rationalizing the variation in experimental observations among several different bimetal interface structures.
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Interface (matter)
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Tap water
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The shrink fit between a ceramic shaft and a metal ring with the use of an shrink fitter of bimetal has been developed in this paper. The fitting strengths of the shrink-fitted assemblies were measured from room temperature to 600°C. The contact pressures between the shafts and the shrink fitters of bimetal were also calculated. The ceramic shaft was Al2O3 or Si3N4. The shrink fitter was a bimetal of SUS304 and SUS403. The outer ring was SUS403. It has been shown from calculations that the shrink-fitted assembly using the shrink fitter of bimetal is somewhat weaker than that using the shrink fitter of SUS304 when the thickness of the shrink fitter in the radial direction is over 6mm. The bimetal shrink-fitted assembly was approximately 3MPa stronger than that using the shrink fitter of SUS304 at 600°C when the thickness of the shrink fitter in the radial direction was 4mm. The fitting conditions under which the bimetal shrink-fitted assembly was stronger than that using the shrink fitter of SUS304 have been discussed.
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An Fe–N–C hybrid catalyst is successfully fabricated by a simple one-step pyrolysis of bimetallic Zn/Fe-ZIFs. The introduction of iron into Zn-based ZIF-7 to form the bimetallic MOF precursors could catalyze the in situ formation of CNTs crossed porous carbons, forming a 3D hybrid network, which exhibits excellent ORR activity.
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Hybrid material
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Precious metals exhibit superior catalytic properties because of their special structures.On the other hand,bimetal or multi-metal catalysts have higher activity and selectivity than mono-metal counterparts because of the synergy of metals.Therefore,the preparation and catalytic performance of bimetal or multi-metal catalysts have attracted much attention.In this thesis,Pt/Au bimetallic nanoparticles were prepared by reduction using sodium borohydride.TEM and UV absorption spectrum results demonstrated that the structure of catalyst is bimetallic nanoparticles of Au modified by Pt.Hydrogenation of butanal was used as the reaction to verify the catalytic property of thePt/Au bimetallic nano-catalyst.The effects of different Pt/Au molar ratios and the reaction temperatures on the catalytic hydrogenation of butanal were examined.It was found that the catalyst with n(Au):n(Pt)=1:5 exhibited best catalytic activity.The best temperature was 40 ℃.
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Bimetal
Sodium borohydride
Nanomaterial-based catalyst
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Selective catalytic reduction
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Bimetallic strip
Coprecipitation
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日照時間과 日照率 觀測에 使用하는 Jordan 日照計(氣象台用)와 Bimetal 日照計(觀測所用)의 觀測값에는 서로 差異가 있으며, 測定되는 地點도 다르다. 그러나 日射資源의 地理的 分布 및 日照時間에 따른 日射量의 推定에는 同一한 指標를 사용하여 구하여야 할 것이다. 本 硏究는 Jordan 日照計와 Bimetal 日照計의 測定값의 相互關係를 求하고, 이들 計測機에 의한 日照時間과 日照率의 地理的 分布의 差異를 분석한 結果는 다음과 같다.
1. Jordan 日照計로 측정한 日照時間은 Bimetal 日照計의 日照時間보다 平均 한달에 50∼60 時間이 낮게 나타나는 傾向이었다.
2. Jordan 日照計의 日照率은 Bimetal 日照計의 日照率보다 5∼10 % 낮게 나타나는 傾向이었다.
3. 日照時間이 가장 긴 달은 5月이었으며, 日照率은 10月이 가장 높고 7月이 낮았다.
4. 두 計測機 間에 日照時間의 差異는 겨울철에는 적었고, 여름철에는 커지는 傾向이었다.
5. 月別 日照時間의 標準偏差는 測候所가 11∼32時間, 觀測所 17∼25 時間이었고, 日照率은 각각 3∼11%, 4∼9%로 氣象台보다 觀測所가 變化의 幅이 적었다.
6. 日照時間과 日照率의 分布는 南部海岸地方이 가장 높았고, 中北部地方이 낮았으며, 西 海岸보다 東海岸이 높은 傾向이었다.
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[Objective] The aim was to study the removal of carbon tetrachloride (CT) by Cu/Fe bimetal. [Method] The feasibility and influencing factors (Cu ratio, dosage and pH) of the removal of CT by Cu/Fe bimetal were studied by batch experiment, and the long-term performance of Cu/Fe bimetal was studied by column test. [Result] Cu/Fe bimetal had a good performance in CT removal, with an overall CT removal rate of 97.90%. Cu/Fe bimetal with higher Cu ratio and bigger dosage brought better removals of CT. Slight acid condition was beneficial to the removal of CT by Cu/Fe bimetal. Cu/Fe bimetal had a better long-term performance in CT removal than zero-valent iron, because its lifetime was two times more than that of zero-valent iron. [Conclusion] The research provides theoretical basis for studies on the dechlorination performance of bimetal.
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Carbon fibers
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