Quantification of Triboelectric Charge Density for a Solid
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Contact electrification
Nanogenerator
Herein, a new triboelectric energy‐harvesting method by a direct transfer‐triboelectric nanogenerator (DT‐TENG) in a streaming flow is proposed. Previously, most of the fluid‐based‐triboelectric nanogenerators (Flu‐TENGs) generate the electricity by electrostatic induction, which is one of the indirect charge transfer methods. To enhance the triboelectric effect of liquid from the surface of dielectric material, negative dielectric surface treatment is focused. The significance of a novel direct charge transfer method to generate high output power of Flu‐TENG is first reported herein. From the experiment, the maximum power of DT‐TENG reaches up to 28.4 μW. The findings not only enhance the output power in the streaming flow but also provide a paradigm‐shifting technique to harvest mechanical energy in the flow electrification.
Nanogenerator
Contact electrification
Electrostatic induction
Mechanical energy
Streaming current
Electrostatics
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A self-powered, sliding electrification based triboelectric sensor was developed for detecting PH value from a periodic contact/separation motion. This innovative, cost-effective, simply designed sensor is composed of a fluorinated ethylene propylene thin film and an array of electrodes underneath. The operation of the TENG (triboelectric nanogenerator) sensor relies on a repetitive emerging-submerging process with traveling solution waves, in which the coupling between triboelectrification and electrostatic induction gives rise to alternating flows of electrons between electrodes. On the basis of coupling effect between triboelectrification and electrostatic induction, the sensor generates electric output signals which are associated with PH value. Experimental results show that the output voltage of the TENG sensor increases with the increasing PH value, which indicate that the PH value of different solution can be real-time monitored. This work not only demonstrates a new principle in the field of PH value measurement but also greatly expands the applicability of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) as self-powered sensors.
Nanogenerator
Contact electrification
Electrostatic induction
Nanosensor
Electromagnetic induction
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Nanogenerator
Contact electrification
Electrostatic induction
Mechanical energy
Polytetrafluoroethylene
Open-circuit voltage
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A newly-designed triboelectric nanogenerator is demonstrated which is composed of a grating-segmented freestanding triboelectric layer and two groups of interdigitated electrodes with the same periodicity. The sliding motion of the grating units across the electrode fingers can be converted into multiple alternating currents through the external load due to the contact electrification and electrostatic induction. Working in non-contact mode, the device shows excellent stability and the total conversion efficiency can reach up to 85% at low operation frequency.
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Contact electrification
Electrostatic induction
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Abstract The triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) offers a simple and cost‐effective method to harness waste energy and works on the principle of contact electrification and electrostatic induction. The performance and application of TENG depend to a great extent on the material used for fabrication. The most widely used materials include polymers and a few metals, well‐arranged in the triboelectric series so as to promote electrification upon contact. New triboelectric materials are important for extending the applications and specificity of the TENG. A TENG based on a metal–organic framework (MOF) of the zeolitic imidazole family is reported here. The zeolitic imidazole framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) and Kapton are used as the active materials for MOF–TENG fabrication. Surface potential, structural, morphological and electrical measurements reveals detailed characteristics of ZIF‐8, confirming the MOF as a potential candidate for TENG applications. The MOF–TENG generates a sustainable output of 164 V and 7 µA in vertical contact–separation mode. Finally, a self‐powered UV counterfeit system and a tetracycline sensor are successfully developed and demonstrated with the MOF–TENG. The sensor is highly selective and reusable simply by washing.
Nanogenerator
Contact electrification
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Nanogenerator
Contact electrification
Mechanical energy
Electric potential energy
Tap water
Polytetrafluoroethylene
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Since the first invention of triboelectric nanogenerator in 2012, it has been developed into a new energy technology. Triboelectric nanogenerator has been applied to efficiently convert the mechanical vibration energy into electricity. The fundamental mechanism of triboelectric nanogenerators is based on the contact electrification and the electrostatic effect. Among these two effects, surface charges transfer happened during the contact electrification process is the main factor to affect the electric output of triboelectric nanogenerators. The electric output of most triboelectric nanogenerators would decrease in environments with high relative humidity, which restricts their application. By using polypeptides as contact materials to construct biocompatible triboelectric nanogenerators, we found that the electric output of the triboelectric nanogenerators can be maintained or is even enhanced at higher relative humidity.
Contact electrification
Nanogenerator
Mechanical energy
Electrostatic induction
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Contact electrification
Nanogenerator
Electrostatic induction
Mechanical energy
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Recently, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has emerged as an important energy harvesting technology and attracted extensive attention. In this work, we report a newly-designed TENG that is composed of a grating-segmented freestanding triboelectric layer and two groups of interdigitated electrodes with the same periodicity. The sliding motion of the grating units across the electrode fingers can be converted into multiple alternating currents through the external load due to the contact electrification and electrostatic induction. With more grating segments being introduced to the structure, the amount of accumulated charges, current density, and output frequency were enhanced substantially, which was demonstrated by both of the theoretical and experimental investigations. Working in non-contact mode, the device showed excellent stability and the total conversion efficiency reached as high as 85% at low operation frequency. On basis of these unique characteristics, the TENG was applied to harvest a variety of biomechanical energy, such as sliding of a human hand and human walking, demonstrating the practicability of using TENG to harness a wide range of ambient motion with high efficiency.
Nanogenerator
Contact electrification
Electrostatic induction
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Surface charge density (σSC) is essential to the output of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). Massive efforts have been made to improve it, which can be totally categorized into four types. Two of them are utilized to optimize the basic electrification of the TENG, and the other two are for the device configuration and following circuits. However, the basic electrification of the 100 μm-thick film under ambient conditions still stays below 200 μC m–2. Herein, we proposed a brand-new technical route, by designing an asymmetric-internal-capacitance configuration, which forms a “hot surface” rich in free electrons at the electrification interface and finally promotes σSC to 550 μC m–2. Specifically, σSC of Cu is improved by 35 times, reaching 9.48 times that of nylon that is reported to be a strong positive triboelectric material. Furthermore, the hot surface improves the output of the TENG by 12.8 times and drives multiple devices floating in water to work stably, showing great potential in harvesting water wave energy (blue energy).
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Contact electrification
Electrostatic induction
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