The mediation role of blood lipids on the path from air pollution exposure to MAFLD: A longitudinal cohort study
Xinyu HanBing GuoLele WangKejun ChenHanwen ZhouShourui HuangHuan XuXianmou PanJinyao ChenXufang GaoZhenghong WangLa YangCiren LabaQiong MengYuming GuoGongbo ChenFeng HongXing Zhao
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Dyslipidemia
Abstract Dairy product intake was suggested to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. This study investigated the association between dairy product intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PAC) using a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. First, we included 59 774 people aged 40–79 years from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox regression was used to compute the hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI of incident PAC for individuals who reported the highest intakes of milk, cheese and yogurt compared with not consuming the corresponding dairy products. Then, we combined our results with those from other four prospective cohort studies that were eligible after searching several databases, in a meta-analysis, using the fixed-effects model before evaluating publication bias and heterogeneity across studies. In the JACC Study, the highest v . no intakes of milk, cheese and yogurt were not associated with the reduced risk of PAC after a median follow-up of 13·4 years: HR (95 % CI) = 0·93 (0·64, 1·33), 0·91 (0·51, 1·62) and 0·68 (0·38, 1·21), respectively. The results did not significantly change in the meta-analysis: 0·95 (0·82, 1·11) for milk, 1·16 (0·87, 1·55) for cheese and 0·91 (0·79, 1·05) for yogurt. The meta-analysis showed no signs of publication bias or heterogeneity across studies. To conclude, consumption of milk, cheese and yogurt was not associated with the risk of PAC either in the JACC Study or the meta-analysis.
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Background Several case-control studies have suggested that passive smoking may increase the incidence of female breast cancer. However, the results of cohort studies have been inconsistent in establishing an association. The present study evaluated the association between passive smoking and incidence of female breast cancer through a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Methods Relevant articles published before August 2012 were identified by searching the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Pooled relative risks (RRs) were determined with either a fixed or random effects model and were used to assess the strength of the association. Sensitivity and subgroup analyses according to ethnicity, menopausal status, and the period and place of exposure to passive smoking were also performed. Results Ten prospective cohort studies involving 782 534 female non-smokers were included in the meta-analysis and 14 831 breast cancer cases were detected. Compared with the women without exposure to passive smoking, the overall combined RR of breast cancer was 1.01 (95% confidence interval: 0.96 to 1.06, P = 0.73) among women with exposure to passive smoking. Similar results were achieved through the subgroup analyses. No evidence of publication bias was observed. Conclusion The results suggest that passive smoking may not be associated with increased incidence of breast cancer. However, the present conclusion should be considered carefully and confirmed with further studies.
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Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between egg intake and cardiovascular disease risk among women and men in the United States, and to conduct a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Design Prospective cohort study, and a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Setting Nurses’ Health Study (NHS, 1980-2012), NHS II (1991-2013), Health Professionals’ Follow-Up Study (HPFS, 1986-2012). Participants Cohort analyses included 83 349 women from NHS, 90 214 women from NHS II, and 42 055 men from HPFS who were free of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer at baseline. Main outcome measures Incident cardiovascular disease, which included non-fatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, and stroke. Results Over up to 32 years of follow-up (>5.54 million person years), 14 806 participants with incident cardiovascular disease were identified in the three cohorts. Participants with a higher egg intake had a higher body mass index, were less likely to be treated with statins, and consumed more red meats. Most people consumed between one and less than five eggs per week. In the pooled multivariable analysis, consumption of at least one egg per day was not associated with incident cardiovascular disease risk after adjustment for updated lifestyle and dietary factors associated with egg intake (hazard ratio for at least one egg per day v less than one egg per month 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.82 to 1.05). In the updated meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies (33 risk estimates, 1 720 108 participants, 139 195 cardiovascular disease events), an increase of one egg per day was not associated with cardiovascular disease risk (pooled relative risk 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.93 to 1.03, I 2 =62.3%). Results were similar for coronary heart disease (21 risk estimates, 1 411 261 participants, 59 713 coronary heart disease events; 0.96, 0.91 to 1.03, I 2 =38.2%), and stroke (22 risk estimates, 1 059 315 participants, 53 617 stroke events; 0.99, 0.91 to 1.07, I 2 =71.5%). In analyses stratified by geographical location (P for interaction=0.07), no association was found between egg consumption and cardiovascular disease risk among US cohorts (1.01, 0.96 to 1.06, I 2 =30.8%) or European cohorts (1.05, 0.92 to 1.19, I 2 =64.7%), but an inverse association was seen in Asian cohorts (0.92, 0.85 to 0.99, I 2 =44.8%). Conclusions Results from the three cohorts and from the updated meta-analysis show that moderate egg consumption (up to one egg per day) is not associated with cardiovascular disease risk overall, and is associated with potentially lower cardiovascular disease risk in Asian populations. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42019129650.
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Dairy intake was suggested to reduce the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. This study investigated the association between dairy intake and the risk of pancreatic cancer (PAC) using a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. First, we included 59,774 people aged 40-79 years from the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study (JACC Study). The Cox regression was used to compute the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of incident PAC for individuals who reported the highest intakes of milk, cheese, and yogurt compared with not consuming the corresponding dairy products. Then, we combined our results with those from other four prospective cohort studies that were eligible after searching several databases, in a meta-analysis, using the fixed-effects model before evaluating publication bias and heterogeneity across studies. In the JACC study, the highest versus no intakes of milk, cheese, and yogurt were not associated with the reduced risk of PAC after a median follow-up of 13.4 years: HRs (95% CIs)= 0.93 (0.64, 1.33), 0.91 (0.51, 1.62), and 0.68 (0.38, 1.21), respectively. The results did not significantly change in the meta-analysis: 0.95 (0.82, 1.11) for milk, 1.16 (0.87, 1.55) for cheese, and 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) for yogurt. The meta-analysis showed no signs of publication bias or heterogeneity across studies. To conclude, consumption of milk, cheese, and yogurt was not associated with the risk of PAC either in the JACC study or the meta-analysis.
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Objectives To compare the relationship of individual blood lipid and blood lipid ratio with cardiovascular risk.Methods A total of 179 patients with dyslipidia,and 41 control subjects without dyslipidia were enrolled in this study.All the subjects were divided into very-high-risk group,high-risk group,medium-risk group,low-risk group,and control group,refered to 2007 guidelines for prevention and treatment of adult dyslipidemia.And the relationship of individual lipids and lipid ratio with the cardiovascular risk were analyzed.Results The concentrations of total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),non-HDL-C,apoproteins B(apoB),and TC/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio(HDL-C),apoB/apoprotein A1(apoA1),LDL-C/HDL-C in the four dyslipidemia groups were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.05).ApoB/apoA1 ratio in very-high-risk group was significantly higher than those in high-risk,medium-risk,low-risk group.Triacylglycerol(TG)(r=0.314,P0.05),TC(r=0.559,P0.05),LDL-C(r=0.552,P0.05),non-HDL-C(r=0.612,P0.05),apoB(r=0.503,P0.05),TC/HDL-C ratio(r=0.510,P0.05),LDL-C/HDL-C ratio(r=0.453,P0.05),apoB/apoA1(r=0.458,P0.05) in dyslipidemia groups were positively correlated with the risk of cardiovascular morbidiy.Conclusions In addition to individual lipids,blood lipids ratio(TC/HDL-C,LDL-C/HDL-C,apoB/apoA1) in patients with dyslipidemia were also higher than control group,and apoB/apoA1 ratio in very high-risk group was significantly higher than that in other dyslipidemia groups,suggesting that lipid ratio may be an important means of predicting the fatal cardiovascular events.
Dyslipidemia
Lipid Profile
High-density lipoprotein
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