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    African Trypanosomiasis Gambiense, Italy
    Emerging infectious diseases (2005)
    Zeno BisoffiAnna BeltrameGeraldo Badona MonteiroAlessandra ArzeseStefania Marocco
    Abstract African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiense has not been reported in Italy. We report 2 cases diagnosed in the summer of 2004. Theses cases suggest an increased risk for expatriates working in trypanosomiasis-endemic countries. Travel medicine clinics should be increasingly aware of this potentially fatal disease.
    Endemic diseases
    Citations (18)
    Human African trypanosomiasis in non-endemic countries
    Clinical Medicine (2015)
    Darshan SudarshiMike Brown

    ABSTRACT

    Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness is a parasitic disease, acquired by the bite of an infected tsetse fly. In non-endemic countries HAT is rare, and therefore the diagnosis may be delayed leading to potentially fatal consequences. In this article the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of the two forms of HAT are outlined. Rhodesiense HAT is an acute illness that presents in tourists who have recently visited game parks in Eastern or Southern Africa, whereas Gambiense HAT has a more chronic clinical course, in individuals from West or Central Africa.
    Tsetse fly
    Endemic diseases
    Citations (21)
    Human African Trypanosomiasis Presenting at Least 29 Years after Infection—What Can This Teach Us about the Pathogenesis and Control of This Neglected Tropical Disease?
    PLoS neglected tropical diseases (2014)
    Darshan SudarshiSarah LawrenceWilliam Owen PickrellVinay EligarR. J. Walters
    The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently announced its plan to eliminate Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). The plan's main focus is on the Trypanosoma brucei gambiense subspecies, which causes 97% of cases [1]. However, total elimination from certain areas has proved extremely difficult previously; there has been ongoing parasite detection in several foci in West Africa, despite effective screening programmes. This has focussed interest on the potential role of asymptomatic human carriers in contributing to transmission. In this report, we present a unique case of a patient harbouring the parasite for more than three decades before developing stage 2 sleeping sickness [2].
    Neglected Tropical Diseases
    Tropical disease
    Endemic diseases
    Pathogenesis
    Disease Control
    Global Health
    Tropical Medicine
    Citations (71)
    Animal African Trypanosomiasis in Nigeria: A long way from elimination/eradication
    Acta Tropica (2017)
    Clement IsaacJohn Asekhaen OhioleiFaith I. EbhodagheI. B. IgbinosaAnthonius A. Eze
    Endemic diseases
    Disease Control
    Disease Eradication
    Citations (29)
    How to Shorten Patient Follow‐Up after Treatment forTrypanosoma brucei gambienseSleeping Sickness
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases (2010)
    Dieudonné Mumba NgoyiVeerle LejonPati Patient PyanaMarleen BoelaertMédard Ilunga
    Background. Clinical management of human African trypanosomiasis requires patient follow-up of 2 years' duration. At each follow-up visit, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is examined for trypanosomes and white blood cells (WBCs). Shortening follow-up would improve patient comfort and facilitate control of human African trypanosomiasis.
    Citations (66)
    Human African Trypanosomiasis: The Smoldering Scourge of Africa
    Springer eBooks (2023)
    August Stich
    Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense
    Human disease
    Citations (0)
    Human African Trypanosomiasis in Emigrant Returning to China from Gabon, 2017
    Emerging infectious diseases (2018)
    Xinyu WangQiaoling RuanBin XuJianfei GuYiyi Qian
    Abstract Human African trypanosomiasis is endemic to parts of sub-Saharan Africa and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients who have visited or lived in Africa. We report a 2017 case of stage 2 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense disease in an emigrant who returned to China from Gabon.
    Endemic diseases
    Citations (9)
    Parasitological diagnosis of human African trypanosomiasis: a comparison of the QBC® and miniature anion-exchange centrifugation techniques
    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (1998)
    Philippe TrucVincent JamonneauP. N'GuessanP DialloAndré Garcia
    Citations (22)
    [The sheep: an experimental model for the study of African trypanosomiasis].
    PubMed (1986)
    Bernard BouteilleDardè MlM Pestre-AlexandreM. DumasG Catanzano
    An experimental model of human african trypanosomiasis is realized in sheep with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Clinical and biological evolution is comparable to human disease. This model is useful to test efficient drugs and to get a better knowledge about sleeping sickness physiopathology.
    Trypanocidal agent
    Human disease
    Citations (1)
    Human African trypanosomiasis
    Oxford University Press eBooks (2020)
    Reto BrunJohannes Blum
    Abstract Human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness) is caused by subspecies of the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei. The disease is restricted to tropical Africa where it is transmitted by the bite of infected tsetse flies (Glossina spp.). Control programmes in the 1960s were very effective, but subsequent relaxation of control measures led to recurrence of epidemic proportions in the 1980s and 1990s. Control is now being regained. Untreated human African trypanosomiasis is almost invariably fatal. Specific treatment depends on the trypanosome subspecies and the stage of the disease. Drugs used for stage 1 include pentamidine and suramin, and for stage 2 include melarsoprol, eflornithine, and nifurtimox, but regimens are not standardized, and treatment is difficult and dangerous; all of the drugs used have many side effects, some potentially lethal.
    Nifurtimox
    Eflornithine
    Pentamidine
    Subspecies
    Protozoan parasite
    Citations (21)