Assessment of the Concentration of 51 Elements in the Liver and in Various Parts of the Human Brain—Profiling of the Mineral Status
Jacek BajBeata KowalskaWojciech FliegerElżbieta Radzikowska-BüchnerAlicja FormaMarcin CzeczelewskiPaweł KędzierawskiKaja KarakułaMichał FliegerDariusz MajerekGrzegorz TeresińskiRyszard MaciejewskiJolanta Flieger
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The anthropogenic environment and diet introduce many metals into the human body, both essential and toxic. Absorption leads to systemic exposure and accumulation in body fluids and tissues. Both excess and deficiency of trace elements are health hazards. The primary aim of the present study was to evaluate the concentration of 51 elements in liver samples and 11 selected brain regions obtained at post-mortem examination from a population of adults living in south-eastern Poland (n = 15). A total of 180 analyses were performed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in two independent replicates. The collected data show very high individual variability in the content of the investigated elements. Macroelements such as sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, iron, and zinc occurred in the highest concentrations and with the greatest statistically significant variations. Although the elemental content of the brain and liver differed significantly, the strongest positive correlation between liver and polus frontalis was observed for the essential element selenium (0.9338) and the strongest negative one for manganese (-0.4316) and lanthanum (-0.5110). The brain areas studied have different requirements for phosphorus, manganese, iron, and molybdenum. In addition, males had a significantly (p < 0.05) higher brain content of lanthanides and actinides than females. The results of this study show that the inhabitants of south-eastern Poland are exposed to a fairly uniform accumulation of aluminum and vanadium in the brain, which have the highest affinity to the thalamus dorsalis. This result proves that there is environmental exposure to these elements.Keywords:
Trace element
Mercury
Human nutrition
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Selenium has many kinds of biological function.It has important significance in animal and plants’ growth development and human heath.In the paper,the effect of trace element selenium on rice growth,yield and quality,selenium-concentration ability of rice,interaction between selenium and other element,selenium-enriched rice breeding,inheritance of selenium contents and QTL detection were introduced so as to provide reference for selenium-enriching rice breeding.
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Studied the combined forms,contribution and corresponding content of selenium in Selenium-enriched rice by using atomic fluorescence spectrometer.In the study,the linear calibrating curve for selenium was within the range of 4 μg/L-20 μg/L,whose correlative coefficient was 0.999 3,the RSD for total selenium was 0.966 %(n=6),the recovery rate of standard spiking for selenium was 103.12 %.The total selenium content was 206.708 μg/kg,which reached rich selenium standard of 60 μg/kg-300 μg/kg,and organic selenium was the main form storing in the rice,which content was 168.875 μg/kg,accounted for 81.70 % of total selenium,the selenium in protein was the main organic selenium form,whose content was 90.170 μg/kg,accounted for 53.40 %,secondly polysaccharide combined selenium accounted for 9.28 %,RNA combined selenium accounted for 1.86 %,and the other forms of organic selenium accounted for 35.46 %.
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Na2SeO3 was added to two kinds of Spirulina, S. maxima and S. platensis. On the fifth and sixth days after inoculation, the cumulating concentration of Selenium reached 600, 800 and 1000mg/L respectively. S. maxima containing organic selenium 474.37, 562.93, 645.98μg/g (DW) and S. platensis containing organic selenium 352.68, 501.85, 1198.15μg/g (DW) were obtained. The inorganic selenium, organic selenium and total selenium in both the Spirulina and the culture were assayed respectively. It was also studied in this paper the distribution of selenium after the absorption and metabolization of Spirulina.
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Se-enriched soybean was prepared by foliar fertilization . the thesis focuses on the analysis of the distribution of selenium in soybean under different concentration of sodium selenite , which contains the contents of the total selenium, inorganic selenium, organic selenium and selenocystine. The results of expe riments show that the total Se contents in soybean increased as the application of sodium selenite concentration increased. In soybean grain, selenium mainly existed in the form o f organic selenium, covering 84%-91% of the total selenium contents, while inorganic selenium makes up a smaller proportion, from 8.9% to 16%. The selenium from SeCys2 was approximately 7-10% of the total Se present in the selenized soybean.
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Two trials were conducted (one at Michigan State University and a second at South Dakota State University) involving supplementation of naturally high selenium swine diets (0.24 to 0.45 ppm) with 0.1 ppm of selenium from sodium selenite. In one trial, a low selenium diet (0.04 ppm) was supplemented with 0.40 ppm of selenium from sodium selenite to supply total selenium levels comparable to a naturally high selenium diet. Sodium selenite additions to the naturally high selenium diets did not significantly increase longissimus muscle or kidney selenium concentrations and increased liver selenium concentrations only slightly. Tissue selenium levels resulting from adding 0.40 ppm of selenium from sodium selenite to a naturally low selenium diet (0.04 ppm) were significantly lower than when a naturally high selenium diet (0.44 ppm) was fed. It appears that the dietary level of naturally-occurring organic selenium compounds is much more significant in influencing the tissue selenium concentration of the pig than supplemental selenium from sodium selenite.
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