A resin gauge for performance testing of X-ray CT and its calibration by multiple orientation measurements
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The capacitance coefficients of two spheres are calculated and limiting forms at large and small separations discussed. The (equal and opposite) forces acting between the spheres are calculated, as are the charge distributions on the spheres. The cases where the spheres are held at different potentials are discussed, including the force acting between them. Appendices cover regions of attraction and repulsion between like-charged conducting spheres and charged intersecting spheres.
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Hard spheres
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SUMMARY The starting point is the problem of finding the percentage q 2 of paired nuclei in liver cells, when the percentage p 2 of twin cuts in slices is known. The general solution for unequal spheres becomes most simple for equal spheres and leads to an extrapolation for endless straight chains of equal spheres, at first for closed and then for open series with constant intervals. Three total sums of endless series of fractions are a welcome mathematical extra. The microscopist will prefer instructions which are generalized from counts in final rows of spheres. With them he can analyse the composition of a mixture of limited chains, with different numbers of spheres.
Hard spheres
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Chain (unit)
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The authenticity of the readings of accelerometers and magnetometers is of great importance when using sensors in orientation systems. At the same time, simple calibration methods do not always provide the accuracy required for operation. The article considers a method based on the calculation of correction coefficients using the method of least squares. The stochastic approach allows calibrating orientation MEMS sensors without precise reference to the coordinates. The error of the calibrated readings in this case is less than 1%. The results of the studies showed that the calibration method under consideration is stable and reliable.
Least-squares function approximation
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We outline the development of theory to describe, dense, collisional shearing flows of identical compliant spheres. We begin with two simple theories: one for rigid, nearly elastic spheres that interact through instantaneous, binary collisions; the other for compliant spheres that interact through multiple, enduring contacts. We then join the two extremes by adding compliance to the collisions and collisions to the spheres in enduring contact. Finally, we compare the predictions of the resulting theory with the results of discrete numerical simulations of steady, homogeneous shearing of compliant frictional spheres.
Shearing (physics)
Hard spheres
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A sphere packing of the three-dimensional Euclidean space is compact if it has only tetrahedral holes, that is, any local maximum of the distance to the spheres is at equal distance to exactly four spheres. This papers describes all the compact packings with spheres of three different sizes. They are close-compact packings of unit spheres with holes filled in four different ways by smaller spheres.
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<p>A calibration method is proposed to improve pressure calibration that uses a pressure gauge as the reference device. The reference gauge is pressurized by a 0-A-0 pressurization procedure, whereas the test gauge can be pressurized through various procedures. The calibration results with this method were consistent with those calibrated against a pressure balance. The method is expected to help develop low-cost pressure calibration systems that are more precise.</p>
Cabin pressurization
Pressure measurement
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An exact solution in terms of analytic functions is given for the Stokes stream function and forces acting on two spheres in contact when the spheres move uniformly with the same velocity along their line of centres. For the case of equal sized spheres, the values of the forces agree with the Faxén limit of the Stimson–Jeffery forces for separated spheres when the minimum clearance between the spheres tends to zero. Numerical values of the forces for arbitrary sized spheres are tabulated and compared with corresponding values when the spheres are separated over a range of values of the minimum clearance. Comparison of the theoretical results with those obtained experimentally for the case of equal sized spheres is also given.
Line (geometry)
Hard spheres
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In this investigation, we studied the wake interactions incurred by two nearby spheres at Re=300. We considered all possible arrangements of the two spheres in terms of the distance between the spheres and, the angle inclined with respect to the flow direction. It turns out that significant changes in shedding characteristics are noticed depending on how the two spheres are positioned. In this study, not only quantitative changes in the key physical parameters such as force coefficients and shedding frequencies, but also qualitative changes in shedding patterns are analyzed and reported.
Vortex shedding
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Hard spheres
TRACE (psycholinguistics)
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