Recovery of dilute (bio-based) volatile fatty acids by adsorption with magnetic hyperthermal swing desorption
Vahideh ElhamiMark A. HempeniusG. Julius VancsóE. KrooshoopLejla AlićXianghong QianMahmood JeburRanil WickramasingheBoelo Schuur
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Adsorption followed by stepwise desorption to concentrate volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from very dilute aqueous streams is challenging and only a limited amount of VFAs can be collected at high concentration using N2-stripping. Here, we describe the preparation and use of superparamagnetic porous adsorbents to recover much larger fractions of VFAs in highly concentrated form from dilute aqueous streams than with the state-of-the-art N2-stripping technique. Our system is based on poly(divinylbenzene) (PDVB) impregnated with superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) synthesized by coprecipitation and functionalized with oleic acid (OA). The OA grafted MNPs (OA-MNPs) were embedded in the matrix of the polymer during suspension polymerization. The porous particles had an average size of 222 ± 40 µm with a surface area of 496 ± 10 m2/g and contained 11 ± 1 wt% MNPs with an average core size of 10 nm. VFAs adsorption from a dilute aqueous solution (containing 0.25 wt% of each acid) reached a saturation capacity of 43 g carboxylic acid per kg adsorbent,. The two-stage desorption was started with alternating magnetic field (AMF) heating at 25 mT and 52 kHz, followed by a hot N2 stripping stage removed 90 ± 9% of the water that had physically filled the pores during adsorption, and only 11 ± 2% of the loaded VFAs. Subsequently, 89 ± 3% of the VFAs were recovered almost water free using hot N2 stripping. Compared to sorbent regeneration and vapor fractionation by nitrogen stripping with a temperature gradient only, this new approach offers a much sharper acid fractionation from water, facilitating large energy savings in downstream operations.We investigate swing rhythm in music using computer analysis techniques. Swing is not a genre of music, rather a style of performance. The same musical piece (data) can be played in swing or straight time. Musical notes and structure are identical in both performances, but the notes temporal patterns have slight, significant differences between straight and swing performances. We demonstrate a technical approach analyzing these differences, and show examples of several styles of swing: American Swing, Brasilian Samba, Jamaican Reggae. Prior research into swing rhythm discovered swing ratio representing the temporal variation of the music as performed compared to the music as written. Our work shows that in some cases swing ratio is inadequate to properly model the real patterns of temporal variation. We have extracted details showing swing exists hierarchically, i.e., the patterns of temporal variation played at one time scale may differ from the types of patterns of temporal variation played at a slower or faster time scale. We also show examples of different instruments playing swing differently from each other, locking together at certain canonical time locations that represent standard counting and subdivision of the musical meter. This latter phenomenon has been previously investigated as ensemble swing.
Variation (astronomy)
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Through the analysis of the dynamic model of HV transmission line recorded data,this paper points out that the angle between two source potentials of both sides of the line maybe remain as 180°for a relatively long time,which would fail the current swing block methods. A method is presented in this paper to solve such a problem,the swing speed is measured by the two resistance element real-timely,and the delay time of the swing unblock criterion is adjusted real-timely according to the real-time swing speed. The method is validated by the dynamic model data,simulation result shows that the presented method will not mal-operate during swing.
Line (geometry)
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If one is a swing trader, the swing rule will be better. In up trends, it accurately predicts when price is going to peak 80% of the time. The idea behind the swing rule in an uptrend is that price climbs in a series of rises and retraces. Thus, use swing rule to help predict at what price the stock is going to peak or bottom. This chapter discusses the techniques and test results of swing rule. Additionally, the swing rule is more accurate for small swings, those less than 10%.
Stock (firearms)
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D301 weakly basic resin was used as an adsorbent for Cr(Ⅵ)adsorption and desorption.The effect of the adsorption time,adsorption tempreture and pH on adsorption capacity were discussed.The adding amount and time of desorption agent on adsorption capacity were analyzed.The experimental results indicated that it facilitated to adsorb for Cr(Ⅵ)in acid medium at pH=2,the equilibrium time of adsorption was achieved within 6 h,the adsorption isotherm could be fitted by the Langmuir equation.The desorption showed better performance with 3% NaOH and desorption time was 30 min,the desorption rate could be reached 97.59%,three times adsorption desorption proved its excellent adsorption for Cr(Ⅵ).
Langmuir adsorption model
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As the troditional swing can only swing without rotating, it cannot satisfy players well.Electronic swing consume electricity and has no action on players' musles while playing.This paper introduces us a new kind of rotating swing which can not only swing but also rotate inner 360°circle without using power. The rotating swing can be set up in any playground. It can train players'musles as well as bring more fun to players.
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This paper describes effect for human feelings by using a swing chair synchronized with moving pictures. The relations between human KANSEI and swing angles, pitching and rolling, were examined by using the swing chair and the moving pictures. The 12 KANSEI factors were measured under the conditions of various swing parameters: swing frequency, swing angle of swing chair, and swing angle of screen image. Feelings of powerful and interest were increased as the swing angle and the swing frequency of the swing chair become higher. Furthermore, by adding smaller swing angle of the swing chair, the powerful and the interest feelings were increased.
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Objective. There is little descriptive research on the motion the body displays during the golf swing. The purpose of this research is to review the modern golf swing and compare its motion to the classic golf swing. Discussion. The comparison revealed subtle but significant differences in the backswing and the follow-through positions. The potential implications for power and injury, particularly of the lower back, are discussed. The discussion describes a third swing, the hybrid swing, which is a combination of the classic and modern swing. The hybrid swing may potentially reduce the chances of sustaining a low back injury while still retaining the power of the modern swing. Conclusion. The golf swing has evolved over time as a result of a combination of advanced equipment, course design and human experimentation. The hybrid swing is being taught by some golf professionals as a balance between the power-potential of the modern swing and the ‘back-friendly\' nature of the classic swing, though no studies have so far been conducted on its efficacy. Further investigation into the three golf swings, classic, modern and hybrid, is required to determine which swing is the most effective while also being friendly to the body. Such research will make possible the development programmes aimed at reducing golf injury rates, particularly to the lower back. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 18 (3) 2006: pp. 80-91
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The fact that a mechanical system so well known to so many in its practical aspect as the swing has been thoroughly neglected in textbooks and problem papers may justify a few remarks on it here. The only reference to the swing which I have been able to find is the question requiring it to be shown that the amplitude of the swing may be increased by internal action only, if, when the swing passes through its lowest position, the distance of the centre of gravity from the point of suspension is (suddenly) shortened from l to ( l – h ), the full distance l being restored at the end of the swing.
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The nationally-recognized Susquehanna
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