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    Neuromyelitis Optica: A Case Report
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    Abstract:
    Neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease) is an idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. Although neuromyelitis optica had long been thought of as a variant of multiple sclerosis, it was understood as a different entity. A 28 year old woman presented with urinary and fecal incontinence and numbness on her arms and legs. Neuromyelitis optica was diagnosed according to her clinic and laboratory findings. It is important to distinguish between multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica because they have different management.
    Keywords:
    Neuromyelitis Optica
    Demyelinating disease
    Definite diagnosis of inflammatory demyelinating disease (multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO)) may require time, but early treatment offers the opportunity to maximize patient outcomes. The purpose of this report is to provide guidance to facilitate early treatment decisions for patients with inflammatory demyelinating disease, before definitive diagnosis. Neurology experts reviewed the existing literature and clinical evidence. A treatment decision pathway was developed, defining patients for whom first-line MS disease-modifying therapies (a) are unlikely to be effective, (b) may be effective but require careful monitoring and (c) are likely to provide benefit. This algorithm seeks to ensure that patients, particularly those in Asia, receive appropriate treatment early in inflammatory demyelinating disease.
    Neuromyelitis Optica
    Demyelinating disease
    Demyelinating Disorder
    Natalizumab
    Citations (11)
    Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) autoantibodies are specific for neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and related spectrum disorders; the specificity exceeds 90%. NMO and multiple sclerosis (MS) share transverse myelitis and optic neuritis as typical symptom complexes, but they tend to be more severe in NMO and often are associated with longitudinally extensive lesions in the corresponding affected central nervous system structures, which are rarely found in MS. While interferon beta and natalizumab benefit MS patients, they appear to exacerbate NMO.
    Neuromyelitis Optica
    Optic neuritis
    Natalizumab
    Aquaporin 4
    Spectrum disorder
    Demyelinating Disorder
    Citations (0)
    We studied repeated cerebrospinal fluids of patients with Devic's neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Variations of oligoclonal bands (OBs) had opposite trends in the two groups. In MS, OBs were detected in 399 of 411 patients (97%) and never disappeared. In NMO, OBs were detected in three of 11 patients (27%) and always disappeared. The hypothesis that NMO and MS follow distinct pathogenetic pathways is supported by our findings, which can be useful for the differentiation of NMO from MS.
    Neuromyelitis Optica
    Citations (107)
    Neuromyelitis optica, známá také jako Devicova nemoc, je autoimunitní onemocnění centrálního nervového systému charakterizované atakami optické neuritidy a myelitidy.Po objevu protilátek proti akvaporinu 4 (AQP4-IgG/NMO-IgG) specifických pro tuto chorobu se rozšířilo spektrum klinických příznaků tohoto onemocnění.Zejména se jedná o singultus se zvracením, parézu hlavových nervů a poruchy osmotické rovnováhy při postižení hypotalamu.Stanovení AQP4-IgG v séru spolu s magnetickou rezonancí mozku a míchy mají nezastupitelný význam v diagnostice tohoto onemocnění již v okamžiku první manifestace choroby.Na druhou stranu negativita protilátek AQP4-IgG
    Neuromyelitis Optica
    Demyelinating disease
    Demyelinating Disorder
    Citations (0)