Evaluating the Use of Synthetic Curcuminoids in Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy
Nicolas Junhiti De MeloJohan TOVARLucas DIASJennifer M. SoaresLívia DOVIGOKleber de OLIVEIRAVanderlei BAGNATONatalia INADA
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Subject. The tendency of growing antibiotic resistance causes scientific medical community to develop new antimicrobial treatment protocols. Recently, the increased interest in photodynamic therapy has been noted. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-surgical method of treatment patients with inflammatory diseases and neoplasms in the maxillofacial region, based on the interaction between special light-sensitive chemical compounds — photosensitizers and light radiation. The literature reports the existence of synthetic and natural photosensitizers. Despite the higher stability present by the synthetic photosensitizers, they are more prone to collateral effects. Recently, a growing body of evidence shows the promising applications of curcumin against different diseases, including the pathologies in maxillofacial region. Curcumin is a bioactive compound isolated from the roots of Curcuma longa that has antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The disadvantage of curcumin is that it is unstable at physiological pH, has low water solubility and is rapidly metabolized by the body.
The objective of this work is to review current research aimed at improving curcumin as a photosensitizer used for photodynamic therapy.
Methodology. The analysis of scientific articles from databases of medical and biological publications — scientific electronic library (Elibrary), PubMed and Web of Science, dedicated to the use of curcumin in photodynamic therapy.
Results and conclusion. The results of modern research in the field of laser technologies presented in this review indicate that photodynamic therapy with curcumin, as a photosensitizer is a promising treatment option in many fields of medicine. The aforementioned scientific studies give the understanding that the study and improvement of delivery systems for curcumin photosensitizer by combining it with nanoparticles is a scientific interest.
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Turmeric is the common name used for dried rhizome of Curcuma longa L., a monocotyledonous plant belonging to the family Zingiberaceae. Curcumin is responsible for the biological actions of turmeric and comprises of curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis demethoxy curcumin. Generally, the commercially produced curcumin is a mixture of the above with curcumin as the main constituent. Turmeric powder, curcumin and its derivatives and many other extracts from the rhizome were found to be bioactive. Tissue culture, an important area of biotechnology can be used to improve the productivity of planting material through enhanced availability of identified planting stock with desired traits.
Zingiberaceae
Curcuminoid
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Six important cultivars (cvs.) and two wild relatives of unprocessed turmeric (Curcuma longa L) were examined separately from mother rhizomes and fingers for their curcumin and essential oil contents. The curcumin contents in mother rhizomes of all cultivars were comparatively more than those present in fingers except 'Rajapuri', The mother rhizomes of 'Mydukur' and fingers of 'Salem' exhibited the highest curcumin content among all other cultivars, The highest essential oil content was observed in mother rhizomes of 'Mydukur' and fingers of 'Salem'. The curcumin and essential oil contents in Ranahalada is quite comparable with other six cultivars. The wild Ambehalada is neither a good source of curcumin nor of essential oil.
Zingiberaceae
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Can photodynamic therapy be suitable for skincare? Do curcumin and nano-curcumin as photosensitizer for this photodynamic therapy? What are the differences between them? Is it a possible choice for photorejuvenation? There are still many questions on this topic. Let’s discuss the photodynamic therapy in skincare, curcumin, and its research progress for skin, as well as the difference between curcumin and nano-curcumin in the treatment of photodynamic therapy for skincare.
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The present study demonstrates the dynamics of Curcumin content in Curcuma caesia Roxb. rhizomes with different storage conditions and durations. The rhizomes were stored and analysed for Curcumin content in the laboratory of College of Forestry under Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar. The results revealed that the Curcumin content (4.43 g/100 g) before storing the dried rhizome powders under different storage conditions and durations increased in all storage conditions when stored upto 90 days. Dried rhizome powder stored in closed polythene bags kept in dark showed maximum Curcumin content (7.63 g/100 g) in case of 90 days storage whereas the minimum content (4.43 g/100 g) was recorded before storing the rhizome powder under different conditions. The present study can give us a more insight on the variation in Curcumin content under different storage conditions and durations.
Zingiberaceae
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Zingiberaceae
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Two turmeric (Curcuma longa) varieties, 'llSR Kedaram' (Acc. 126) and 'IISR Alleppey Supreme' (Acc. 585) were developed at the Indian Institute of Spices Research, Calicut, through selection and recommended for release for their high yield and curcumin content. 'llSR Kedaram', matures in 215 days and has an average yield of 5.28 t ha'] (dry rhizome) and 301.10 kg ha curcumin whereas, 'IISR Alleppey Supreme', an Alleppey finger turmeric selection, matures in 220 days and yields 5.58 t ha'] (dry rhizome) and 309.69 kg ha curcumin.
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