Baseline Clinical and Biochemical Profiles of Type 2 Diabetes Patients Enrolled in a Lifestyle Management Program in India
Pramod TripathiNidhi KadamThejas KathrikollyDiptika TiwariAnagha VyawahareB SharmaMalhar GanlaMaheshkumar KuppusamyVenugopal VijayakumarBanshi Saboo
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Background: Assessing the clinical and biochemical profiles of patients is vital for improving the management of diabetes. The present study aimed to assess the profiles of adults (>18 years old) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) enrolled in a one-year diabetes management program in Pune, India.Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 18,950 records from the Freedom from Diabetes Clinic between November 2015 and June 2023. Baseline data, including sociodemographic, biochemical, and anthropometric parameters, were extracted from the electronic medical records, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. A gender-wise comparison was performed for biochemical and anthropometric measurements. Statistical significance was set at p < 0·05.Findings: Poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7%) was reported by 70·0% of the patients at baseline, despite the majority (80·2%) being on oral hypoglycemic agents. The prevalence of overweight (BMI 23·0 – 24·9 kg/m2 and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were 21·5% and 57·2%, respectively. Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were reported in 24·8% and 25·7% of the patients, respectively. A significant association was observed between comorbidities, such as hypertension, overweight/obesity, and poor glycemic control (p<0·05). Additionally, significant gender-wise differences were observed for clinical parameters including HOMA- IR, fasting insulin, and micronutrients (p<0·05).Interpretation: This study highlights the high prevalence of poor glycemic control, overweight/obesity, and comorbidities among patients diagnosed with T2D enrolled in a one-year diabetes management program in Pune, India. Significant gender-wise differences emphasize the need for tailored approaches for effective T2D management. These findings underscore the critical need for comprehensive lifestyle interventions targeting better outcomes for glycemic control and comorbidities to mitigate the risk of complications in the Indian population.Trial Registration: The study is registered in the Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI) (CTRI/2024/03/064596). Funding: This study was not funded by any source.Declaration of Interest: All authors declare no competing interests. Ethical Approval: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee (Ref. No. FFDRF /IEC/2024/7). The retrospectively extracted data were anonymized and handled with strict confidentiality to ensure the privacy of the individuals involved in the study. Personal identifiers were removed to prevent the identification of individual subjects. Due to the retrospective nature of the study, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee.Keywords:
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