Photosynthesis drives methane production in a coccolithophorid, creating a negative feedback for carbon sequestration.
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The 4th IPCC report demonstrated that sea level rise is from 0.18 to 0.59 m and the increase in temperature is from 1.1 to 6.4 degrees. Methane is considered one of the most influential gasses on climate change, and the previous studies demonstrated that about one-fourth of methane emission is given from lakes and wetlands. However, the mechanisms of the occurrence of methane is not clarified enough. Therefore, this study aims to develop the transportation model of methane from a lake by applying 3D numerical model. As a result, it is revealed that methane emission from bottom layer, methane decomposition of an aerobic microbe and methane decomposition of an anaerobic environment are key factors for the emission of methane in a lake.
Methane Emissions
Atmospheric methane
Methane gas
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In this article, the photosynthesis diurnal variation types of flag leaf and evaluation method of photosynthetic potentiality were studied in winter wheat under powerful radiationed?high temperature conditions . According to the fit coefficients between net photosynthetic rates and PAR under powerful radiation and high temperature conditions, the diurnal variation of photosynthesis could be divided into part fit model? fundamental fit model and complete fit model. The higher the fit coefficients between net photosynthetic rate and PAR were, the stronger the net photosynthesis adaptive abilities of flag leaf were under powerful radiation and high temperature conditions . Photosynthetic potential (product of net photosynthetic rates, the fit coefficients between photosynthetic rates and PAR, flag leaf area/stem, main stem number/hm 2) could be used to exactly forecast wheat photosynthetic potentiality . There were remarkable positive correlations between photosynthetic potentiality and wheat production or production potentiality. The correlation coefficients were 0.96, equally.
Diurnal temperature variation
Flag (linear algebra)
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Clathrate hydrate
Methane gas
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Carboxylation
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It has been noted many times that the short-term stimulation of photosynthesis by elevated carbon dioxide usually observed in C3 plants may not persist in the long-term. Experiments were designed to test the hypotheses that photosynthetic adjustment to elevated carbon dioxide is due to (a) feedback inhibition resulting from excess photosynthate production relative to use, and (b) nutrient deficiency resulting from more rapid growth. Soybeans and sugarbeets were grown in controlled environment chambers at 350 and 700 ppm carbon dioxide, at two temperatures, two levels of photosynthetically active radiation, and with three nutrient regimes in a factorial design. Net carbon dioxide uptake rates of individual leaves from all growth conditions were measured at both 350 and 700 ppm carbon dioxide to assay photosynthetic adjustment to the elevated carbon dioxide. Growth at elevated carbon dioxide reduced rates of photosynthesis measured at standard carbon dioxide levels in both species. Photosynthetic rates measured at 350 ppm were lower on average by 33% in sugarbeet and 23% in soybean after growth at elevated carbon dioxide. Photosynthetic adjustment to elevated carbon dioxide was not greater after growth at 1.0 than 0.5 mmol m{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1} PPFD, was not greater at 20 than 25C growth temperature,more » and could not be overcome by high rates of nutrient application. These results do not support either the feedback inhibition nor nutrient deficiency hypotheses of photosynthetic adjustment to elevated carbon dioxide. In soybeans, complete photosynthetic adjustment could be induced by a single night at elevated carbon dioxide.« less
Carbon respiration
Total inorganic carbon
Photosynthetically active radiation
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The paper presents measurement results of methane and carbon dioxide emission in Western Carpathians. The investigations were carried out with application of static chamber method in 10 stations. An emission and dynamics of changes within methane and carbon dioxide concentrations were examined by measuring the emission directly from the land surface as well as after drilling an additional hole. In total, 40 gas samples were taken, which were then subjected to chromatographic analysis. The measurements of methane and carbon dioxide emission have not shown significant emission values of these gases. The average value of methane emission from soil to the atmosphere at selected measurement sites was -0.451 mg * m -2* d -1 , while the average methane emission with the use of the hole, equalled to -0.361 mg * m -2* d -1 . The changes of carbon dioxide concetration were opposite. Higher emission of this gas was showed due to its natural escaping to the atmosphere with an average concetration of 1829,3 mg * m -2* d -1 . Conducted studies show that methane and carbon dioxide emission are low in the studied area. It does not confirm the elevated values of light hydrocarbons and associated components which were previously recorded in the soil gas samples.
Carbon fibers
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In this experiment,Bumper harvest element of tomato and Photosynthetic Accelerator were sprayed to flowers and leaves of tomato to study on influence of photosynthesis and yield.The results showed that Bumper harvest element of tomato and Photosynthetic Accelerator complexed obviously enhanced the tomato the tomato photosynthetic rate,raising 67.82% compared to the comparison.Photosynthetic pigment content,photosynthetic electron transport rate and ATP activity enhanced obviously than the comparison;Rubisco content enhances the 79.84% compared to comparison.,Rubisco carboxylation activity achieve 20.44nmolNADH·ml-1·min-1;while the yield of tomato increasing obviously.
Carboxylation
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ABSTRACT Carbon dioxide sequestration is the ability of plants to store carbon, from carbon dioxide gas—which is an abundant greenhouse gas, for a long term period. Interests in the quantification of the stored carbon in different areas are increasing due to the growing concerns regarding the possibility of enhancing the efficiency of carbon dioxide sequestration in an area. The calculation of the total amount of carbon dioxide sequestration of trees in the campus of Philippine Normal University-Manila was conducted to quantify their capability to store carbon dioxide. The sampling area was profiled based on the types of soil and the density of trees per species. Trees included in this study were grouped and classified. Individually, trees were measured of their vertical height and diameter breast height. Using the formula; , we had calculated the total carbon dioxide sequestered by the trees in the university. The overall summation of the carbon dioxide sequestered in PNU was 12,740,516.95 lbs. Swietenia spp. trees, which are abundant in the university, were not very efficient in sequestering carbon dioxide in comparison to other trees. We also found out that tree species with the highest carbon dioxide sequestration is Gmelina arborea while the individual tree with the highest carbon dioxide sequestration is a Ficus stipulosa . This study might be able to give an idea to the management in choosing the trees to plant based on its efficiency in sequestering carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Carbon fibers
Gmelina
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Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv Stoneville 213) was grown at 350 and 1000 microliters per liter CO2. The plants grown at elevated CO2 concentrations contained large starch pools and showed initial symptoms of visible physical damage. Photosynthetic rates were lower than expected based on instantaneous exposure to high CO2. A group of plants grown at 1000 microliters per liter CO2 was switched to 350 microliters per liter CO2. Starch pools and photosynthetic rates were monitored in the switched plants and in the two unswitched control groups. Photosynthetic rates per unit leaf area recovered to the level of the 350 microliters per liter CO2 grown control group within four to five days. To assess only nonstomatal limitations to photosynthesis, a measure of photosynthetic efficiencies was calculated (moles CO2 fixed per square meter per second per mole intercellular CO2). Photosynthetic efficiency also recovered to the levels of the 350 microliters per liter CO2 grown controls within three to four days. Recovery was correlated to a rapid depletion of the starch pool, indicating that the inhibition of photosynthesis is primarily a result of feedback inhibition. However, complete recovery may involve the repair of damage to the chloroplasts caused by excessive starch accumulation. The rapid and complete reversal of photosynthetic inhibition suggests that the appearance of large, strong sinks at certain developmental stages could result in reduction of the large starch accumulations and that photosynthetic rates could recover to near the theoretical capacity during periods of high photosynthate demand.
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Photosynthetic capacity
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