Exploration of Polysaccharides from Phyllanthus emblica: Isolation, Identification, and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Glycolipid Metabolism Disorder Activities
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Abstract:
Phyllanthus emblica is a natural medicinal herb with diverse bioactivities. Certain extracts from this herb have been confirmed to possess anti-glycolipid metabolic disorder activity. To further develop its utility value and explore its potential in combating glycolipid metabolic disorders, we designed a series of experiments to investigate the structure, antioxidant activity, and anti-glycolipid metabolic disorder activity of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides. In this study, we extracted and purified polysaccharides from Phyllanthus emblica and thoroughly analyzed their structure using various techniques, including NMR, methylation analysis, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. We investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-glycolipid metabolism disorder activity of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides for the first time utilizing oleic acid (OA) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as inducers. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides was assessed in vitro. These findings lay the groundwork for future investigations into the potential application of Phyllanthus emblica polysaccharides as an intervention for preventing and treating diabetes.Keywords:
Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus
species (family;
Phyllanthus
Phyllanthus emblica
Ellagic Acid
Euphorbiaceae
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Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus
Emblica officinalis
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Objective To study the active components of anti-HSV-1 and HSV-2 of crude extract from Phyllanthus emblica.Methods The toxic and antivirous effects were evaluated by observing toxic effect,cytopathic effect(CPE),MTT colorimetric assay for vital cell rate,plaques reduction ratio.Results Inhibition on herpes simplex virus were observed during the experiment.The IC50 on HSV-1 of acetic ether extract,methanol extract,aqueous extract from Phyllanthus emblica were 25.28,66.17,100.94μg/ml;while the IC50 on HSV-2 of the extracts above were 31.70,180.3,112.1μg/ml.Conclusion The three extracts from Phyllanthus emblica can inhibit both of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in vitro.
Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus
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Cytopathic effect
MTT assay
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The present study was under taken to investigate the biochemical characterization of Phyllanthus acidus, Phyllanthus emblica and Citrus limon. The results suggest that among the three varieties the level of storage polysaccharides (Total Carbohydrate & Starch) and total protein seems to be higher in Phyllanthus emblica than phyllanthus acidus and citrus limon. The amount of cholesterol in Phyllanthus acidus showed better level than the rest of the two varieties. When compared to Phyllanthus acidus and Phyllanthus emblica, the ascorbic acid content was found to be higher in Citrus limon. Phyllanthus emblica contain high amount of calciu m than the other two varieties. The amount of phosphorous and iron in Citrus limon posses better level than phyllanthus acidus and emblica. Thereby to conclude the fruits selected Phyllanthus acidus, Phyllanthus emblica and Citrus limon varieties showed very impressive biochemical co mponents which is of therapeutic and economic importance.
Phyllanthus emblica
Phyllanthus
Citrus limon
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Context: Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) species are traditionally well-known for their medicinal properties including hepatoprotective activity.Objective: The study assessed the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of 11 Phyllanthus species, P. amarus Schumach., P. urinaria L., P. debilis Klein ex Willd, P. tenellus Roxb., P. virgatus G. Forst., P. maderaspatensis L., P. reticulatus Poir., P. polyphyllus Willd., P. emblica L., P. indofischerii Bennet. and P. acidus (L.) Skeels.Materials and methods: The dried leaves and stems of each plant species were extracted in methanol and successively in water. The extracts were screened for hepatoprotective activity at a concentration of 50 µg/mL against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BH) induced toxicity in HepG2 cells. Seven extracts from five species that showed hepatoprotective activity were assessed for their 50% effective concentration (EC50) values and their antioxidant activity using a DPPH assay. Phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin contents were also determined in these Phyllanthus species.Results: The methanol extracts of P. polyphyllus, P. emblica and P. indofischeri showed high levels of hepatoprotective activity with EC50 values of 12, 19 and 28 µg/mL and IC50 of 3.77, 3.38 and 5.8 µg/mL for DPPH scavenging activity respectively against an IC50 of 3.69 µg/mL for ascorbic acid. None of these activities could be attributed to phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin.Discussion and conclusion: The hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of P. indofischeri are demonstrated for the first time in literature. The study also confirms the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of leaves of P. emblica and P. polyphyllus. The molecule(s) responsible for the activities is being investigated.
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Phyllanthus
Euphorbiaceae
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Medicinally important five Phyllanthus species viz. P. acidus (L.) Skeels, P. emblica L. (small fruit form), P. emblica L. (large fruit form), P. niruri L., P. reticulatus Poir. and P. urinaria L. were cytogenetically studied through orcein-staining for authentic characterization. This genus showed variation in somatic chromosome numbers such as 2n=2x=26 (x=13) in P. acidus, P. niruri and P. reticulatus, 2n=6x=48 (x=8) in P. urinaria and 2n=10x=100 (x=10) in P. emblica (both small and large fruit forms), represented with multi-basic chromosome number. Formation of bivalents in addition to several multivalents at metaphase-I of P. emblica (both forms) indicated that this species has the possibility of being auto-allopolyploid or segmental-allopolyploid that are going through the process of diplodization.
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To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from Carica papaya (C. papaya), Pongamia glabra (P. glabra), Phyllanthus emblica (P. emblica) L, Phyllanthus acidus (P. acidus) L, Pisonia grandis (P. grandis) and Moringa pterygosperma (M. pterygosperma).
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Abstract An extensive floristic survey was done to annotate Phyllanthus of southwestern Bangladesh from 2015 to 2018. In total, 2189 individuals of Phyllanthus were counted and identified as eight different species (five herbs, two trees and a shrub). All species were examined following both morphological and anatomical methods, based on taxonomic notes. The listed species were Phyllanthus acidus, Phyllanthus amarus, Phyllanthus debilis, Phyllanthus emblica, Phyllanthus niruri, Phyllanthus urinaria, Phyllanthus reticulatus and Phyllanthus virgatus . Among them, Phyllanthus amarus and Phyllanthus debilis were listed for the first time from Bangladesh during this study period.
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Phyllanthus emblica
Euphorbiaceae
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The effect of solid to liquid ratio,extracting time and temperature on extracting polysaccharide from fresh fruit in Phyllanthus emblica L.in Panzhihua was studied by orthogonal design.And the optimum extraction conditions were determined as follows,solid to liquid ratio,1∶20(m∶m);extracting time,3.0 h;temperature,100 ℃.The polysaccharide content could reach 5.91% under these conditions.
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Phyllanthus
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