Global forest fragmentation change from 2000 to 2020
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This folder includes datasets and related codes for the Forest Fragmentation Index in 2000 and 2020.Keywords:
Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
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Abstract Fragmentation patterns under electron impact of selected (η 5 ‐cyclopentadienyl)dicarbonylacyliron complexes were studied. Fragmentation pathways were confirmed using accurate mass measurements and B / E = constant and mass‐analysed ion kinetic energy fragment ion spectra.
Fragmentation
Cyclopentadienyl complex
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Abstract Electron impact mass spectra of five new compounds are reported. Under electron impact conditions all five compounds yielded abundant fragment ions and lower abundances of molecular ions. Apart from the expected i ‐and α‐cleavages, three additional unusual fragmentation processes were observed. The proposed fragmentation mechanisms were supported by D‐labeling experiments, accurate mass measurements, and mass‐analyzed ion kinetic energy spectrometry. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fragmentation
Mass
Collision-induced dissociation
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Forest fragmentation potentially can impact many facets of natural ecosystems. Numerous methods have been employed to assess static forest fragmentation. Few studies, however, have analyzed changes in forest fragmentation over time. In this study, we developed new classifications from Landsat imagery data acquired in 1990 and 2000 for New Hampshire, assessed fragmentation in both time periods, and created maps depicting the spatial extent of fragmentation change through time. Visual inspection of the resulting maps suggests the method successfully identifies areas of the State where fragmentation is occurring at a relatively high rate.
Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
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Forest fragmentation has been studied extensively with respect to biodiversity loss, disruption of ecosystem services, and edge effects although the relationship between forest fragmentation and human activities is still not well understood. We classified the pattern of forests in Massachusetts using fragmentation indicators to address these objectives: 1) characterize the spatial pattern of forest fragmentation in Massachusetts towns using Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA); and (2) identify regional trends using archetypal towns in relation to town history, geography and socioeconomic characteristics. Six fragmentation indicators were calculated using MSPA for each town to represent patterns and processes of fragmentation. We then used these indicators and the proportion of forested land to group towns across Massachusetts with similar patterns of fragmentation. Six representative towns typify different types of forest fragmentation, and illustrate the commonalities and differences between different fragmentation types. The objective selection of representative towns suggests that they might be used as the target of future studies, both in retrospective studies that seek to explain current patterns and in analyses that predict future fragmentation trends.
Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
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Abstract Fragmentation of forest types is an indicator of biodiversity in the Montreal Process, but the available national data permit assessment of only overall forestland fragmentation, not forest type fragmentation. Here we illustrate how to localize national statistics from the 2003 National Report on Sustainable Forests by combining state vegetation maps with national forestland fragmentation maps. The degree and scale of fragmentation of different forest types can be gauged from the amount of forestland that meets certain fragmentation thresholds at multiple scales of analysis.
Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
National forest
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Abstract In landscape ecology, forest fragmentation studies with emphasis on effects of scale on fragmentation patch metrics, is an important research area. With increasing availability of satellite data at multiple scales and varied resolutions, it has become important to understand effects of comparing fragmentation metrics acquired from coarse resolution images and those from finer resolution imagery. This is crucial because coarse resolution images such as Landsat imagery, are relatively easier to find because of their cheaper costs, availability and broad coverage, whereas finer resolution imagery is more expensive and therefore, spans only small areas. This paper examines effects of varied spatial resolutions on common fragmentation metrics using Landsat, Sentinel, National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery obtained in November, 2017 of the Whitethorne area near Blacksburg, Virginia. The images are analyzed using FRAGSTATS and ArcGIS software programs. The results show significant differences in fragmentation metrics despite simultaneous acquisition of all images in the same area. Discussion of results obtained in this study centers on the reasons for this disparity, and examines uses of imagery of different resolutions for forest fragmentation analysis.
Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
Aerial imagery
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Fragmentation of clonal plants is reputed as pervasive functional behavior in plant kingdom that can cause the growth,reproduction and spreading of clonal plant.The paper discussed fragmentation phenomenon,fragmentation behavior,fragmentation fate,genetic variation,and spatial genetics of clonal plant,and introduced clonal architecture,cloning structure,genetic structure,and spatial genetic structure of divisional clone fragmented,observed meaning and foreground of fragmentation studying,divisional clone fragmented,clonal architecture,and genetic evolution in depth.In addition,the paper had made the forecast to fragmentation fate research.
Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
clone (Java method)
Genetic architecture
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Fragmentation
Forest fragmentation
Habitat Fragmentation
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Landscape modification and habitat fragmentation are key drivers of global species and biodiversity loss, as well as a major threat to the conservation of forest ecosystems. Mexico is one of the five biologically richest countries in the world. This study first generated a national level assessment of the fragmentation of temperate and tropical forests in Mexico for 2002, 2008, and 2013. Then, using these results, it explores how transitions to non-forest or to other fragmentation classes have evolved within the previous date fragmentation classes for the 2002–2008 and 2008–2013 periods. The Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) method was used to assess the forest fragmentation. The results show that high fragmentation classes are more likely to transition to no-forest land covers in tropical than in temperate forests and that these conversions were larger during 2002–2008 than during the 2008–2013 period in both forest types. When analyzing the transitions between fragmentation classes, a higher percent of the forest area remained the same fragmentation class between 2008 and 2013 than from 2002 to 2008. Transitions between forest fragmentation classes were relatively small compared to transitions to no-forest land covers, and transitions to higher fragmentation classes were slightly larger in tropical than in temperate forests.
Fragmentation
Temperate rainforest
Forest fragmentation
Habitat Fragmentation
Temperate forest
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