Cervical Insufficiency May Be Aggravated by Glucose Intolerance: A Case Report
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Background: Cervical insufficiency occurs in the second trimester. Herein, we report a successful term pregnancy in a woman with glucose intolerance and a history of cervical insufficiency after two consecutive preterm deliveries in the second trimester. Case Presentation: We present a 35-year-old woman, G3P2L0, with a history of two preterm deliveries in the second trimester. In the second pregnancy, vaginal cerclage at the 18th gestational week did not prevent premature delivery. Following two pregnancies with borderline fasting blood sugar (FBS) results, we decided to further evaluate the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) state with a two-hour postprandial (2 hpp) glucose test and glucose tolerance test (GTT). By impaired 2 hpp and GTT results, an insulin regimen was started with subsequent vaginal cerclage in the third pregnancy. She delivered a healthy 2,750-g girl at 38 weeks of gestation by tight blood sugar control. Conclusions: More attention should be paid to evaluating glucose intolerance in pregnancy, especially in patients with cervical insufficiency. Blood glucose control in these patients can probably improve pregnancy outcomes.Keywords:
Cervical insufficiency
Blood sugar
Regimen
Glucose tolerance test
Objective To probe into the influences of diettherapy on diabetes mellitus. Methods 184 diabetes mellitus in hospital have been studied by the way of food change, filling inquiries and follow-up survey.The gained data have been analysed.Results Diettherapy could effectively control the blood sugar when empty stomach and postprandial,and insulin antibody could be reduced contrasting before and after treating by this method.There was an apparent reduction P0.01).Conclusion Diettherapy is one of the basic methods of treating diabetes mellitus,which can not only control blood sugar and reduce complications but also improve the sensitivity of insnlin.
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Objective To study the influence of gestation diabetes mellitus(GDM) and gestation impaired glucose tolerance to weight gain of pregnant women.Methods All non-diabetic pregnant women attending antenatal clinics from 2001 to 2005(n=210) were screened for GDM during the 24th to 28th weeks of gestation.All positive subjects based on a 50g glucose challenge test(GCT) were further evaluated by a diagnostic 75g oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT).Results Women who developed GDM had significantly higher BMI in the pre-pregnancy stage and in the second and third trimester of pregnancy(P0.001).Conclusion GDM and obesity are highly prevalent in pregnant women.
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Glucose intolerance that is first diagnosed during pregnancy is termed gestational diabetes mellitus. The definition is ambiguous, and the treatment controversial. Most important, the threshold at which glucose intolerance adversely affects the course of pregnancy and increases the risk of future diabetes in the mother and her child is not known.Pregnancy can be viewed as a physiologic beta-cell stress test, with glucose tolerance depending on the presence of adequate maternal beta-cell reserves. In normal pregnancy, fasting plasma glucose concentrations decrease and postprandial glucose concentrations rise. The latter effect continues throughout pregnancy; postprandial insulin release doubles, whereas insulin sensitivity is . . .
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The present study was done to find out whether the fasting or 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (PPPG) levels in early months of pregnancy can be used as screening tools for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) developing in later months of pregnancy.Fasting and 2-hour PPPG levels were measured in the early months of pregnancy in 246 women attending the antenatal clinic of the author. All of the women underwent glucose challenge tests with 50 grams of glucose at 24-28 weeks and if the value exceeded 140 mg%, a three-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with 100 grams of glucose was performed to diagnose GDM.The present study found that the incidence of GDM was 10.5% in the third trimester. Statistical analysis did not show any correlation between fasting and the PPPG values in the early months and GDM in later months of pregnancy.Fasting or PPPG values cannot be used as efficient screening tools for GDM developing in the later months of pregnancy.
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Initial blood sugar levels were related to diabetes mellitus in a 17 year follow-up of the pioneer study in Oxford, Mass. Clinical diabetes was found 5 and 15 times more frequently for initial postprandial blood sugars (Folin-Wu) of 140 to 169 mg and 170 mg/100 ml and higher, respectively, than for those below 140 mg/100 ml. Glycosuria was important only when the blood sugar was above 170 mg/100 ml. A confirmatory repeat blood sugar level ≥140 mg/100 ml proved valuable in defining a high risk group for diabetes. The risk of diabetes in overweight persons was significant only when the blood sugar was above 140 mg/100 ml. The similar weight experience of the participants, regardless of their initial blood sugar level, makes it unlikely for obesity to be causally related to diabetes mellitus. The apparently contradictory results from postprandial and postglucose blood sugars are discussed.
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Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder, for which there is no known cure except in very specific situations. Management of diabetes is based on keeping blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible, without causing hypoglycaemia. Usually, this can be accomplished with diet, exercise and use of appropriate medications. In India, herbs are used in treatment to maintain normal blood glucose and lipid levels. In any form of management of diabetes with drug or insulin, diet is a common factor. Besides diet, many plants and foods of medicinal value have proved to be very useful in which one of them is fenugreek seed. Aim: The present study was aimed to evaluate the blood glucose modulating effect of Fenugreek Seed Powder (FSP) in patients of Noninsulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 25 patients of NIDDM of age group 40 to 50 years. A 5 gm Fenugreek seed powder was given to the patients on empty stomach early in the morning every day. Before beginning the study and at the end of every month, the blood glucose level (fasting and postprandial) was measured consecutively for three months. Statistics Program for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 17.0) computer software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. Results: Administration of FSP lowered the blood glucose levels in patients of NIDDM and a significant reduction in blood glucose level (fasting and postprandial) was observed in the study. Conclusion: Present study suggested that FSP might have potential to modulate blood glucose level which can serve as an effective supportive therapy in the prevention and management of long-term complications of diabetes.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between unplanned pregnancy and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:An observation was performed in 614 pregnant women. They were screened for GDM at 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. Results:The incidence of GDM was raised significantly in the unplanned pregnancy women (5.4%) than that in the planned pregnancy women (2.0%) (χ~2=5.295,P=0.021). Non-conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that unplanned pregnancy was significantly related to GDM. RR=2.842(95%CI=1.125,7.180)(P=0.027) Conclusion:Unplanned pregnancy is an independent risk factors to GDM. Planned pregnancy might have some prevention impact on the incidence of GDM.
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Objective To discuss the impact of pregnancy termination in different gestations on the outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) perinatal infants.Methods GDM pregnant women awaiting delivery in our hospital were taken as research objects and they were divided into A group(28-36 gestational weeks),B group(37-39 gestational weeks),C group(39 gestational weeks) according to gestation.The incidence rate of morbidity,mortality and macrosomia in three groups were counted.Results The incidence rate of morbidity,mortality infants of B group was lower than that of other two groups;pregnant women with properly controlled blood sugar had better conditions after delivery than that of poor controlled blood sugar patients.Conclusion Strictly controlling the blood sugar of GDM pregnant women and terminate pregnancy at 37-39 gestational weeks can obviously reduce the incidence rate of morbidity,mortality and macrosomia.
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Initial blood sugar levels were related to diabetes mellitus in a 17 year follow-up of the pioneer study in Oxford, Mass. Clinical diabetes was found 5 and 15 times more frequently for initial postprandial blood sugars (Folin-Wu) of 140 to 169 mg and 170 mg/100 ml and higher, respectively, than for those below 140 mg/100 ml. Glycosuria was important only when the blood sugar was above 170 mg/100 ml. A confirmatory repeat blood sugar level ≥140 mg/100 ml proved valuable in defining a high risk group for diabetes. The risk of diabetes in overweight persons was significant only when the blood sugar was above 140 mg/100 ml. The similar weight experience of the participants, regardless of their initial blood sugar level, makes it unlikely for obesity to be causally related to diabetes mellitus. The apparently contradictory results from postprandial and postglucose blood sugars are discussed.
Glycosuria
Blood sugar
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