The Seeing Science Project: Using Design-Based Research to Develop a Transformative Experience Intervention
Kevin J. PughDylan P. J. KriescherAudrey J. ToccoColton OlsonCassendra M. BergstromMaaly YounisMaha BenSalem
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Transformative Learning
Project-Based Learning
Technology education
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Abstract On the standard Paulian definition of epistemically transformative experiences (ETE), we can’t know what an ETE is like before we have it. ETEs are new kinds of experiences and, importantly, can’t be imagined—this is why they have a unique ability to teach us what a particular experience is like. Contra Paul, some philosophers (Sharadin, 2015; Wilkenfeld, 2016; Ismael, 2019; Kind, 2020; Daoust, 2021; Cath, 2022) have argued that transformative experiences can be imagined. A neglected consequence of this argument is that if transformative experiences can in fact be imagined, then it is unclear how they could be epistemically transformative. What do they teach us if we can imagine what they’re like in advance? I will argue not only that imaginable experiences can be transformative, but that experiences of a kind which an agent is experientially acquainted with can also be transformative. This latter kind of transformative experiences, which I will call familiar transformative experiences, are transformative not because the agent learns what a new kind of experience is like—by definition, they are not new kinds of experiences—but because the transformativeness of the experience is brought out by features of the agent experiencing them. Epistemic transformation in these cases may be explained by facts about the agent’s perspective and social environment, which allow them to appreciate elements of the experience they did not previously.
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Abstract In this essay, Randall Curren addresses four basic questions about transformative experiences in education: Is education necessarily transformative? What must education provide for it to be personally transformative? What standard should educators use in determining whether engaging students in potentially transformative experiences is beneficial or justified? How should schools and educators orchestrate opportunities for beneficial transformative experiences? The focus is on transformative valuing, but also on the importance of a fully transformative nexus of personal attributes and social pathways to living a transformed life. Curren argues that educational decisions on behalf of students can be justified on the basis of necessary goods that persist through transformative changes in what is contingently good for them, and that schools' efforts to orchestrate opportunities for transformative experiences should engage students in activities that can be eudaimonic for them.
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The article intents to present, to some extent, if the transformative learning, which has a powerful influence on promoting critical reflection on assumptions and interpretations to engage not just the intellect but affect, identity, worldview, beliefs and values (Mezirow, 2000; Sterling 2011), has certain contributions to students’ transformative capabilities. Transformative capability, related to transformative learning, implies the capacity to learn, innovate and bring about appropriate change and it is connected with the „learning outcomes”, seeded by the Universities in order to be similar with the „competences” required by the labour market.
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<em>Research in transformative learning has flourished in educational research in the latest decades. Among the research on transformative learning, the specific topic of how to develop instruction based on transformative learning is still very rarely found. The purpose of this study w</em><em>as</em><em> to review the epistemology of transformative learning by introducing a systematic ID framework for transformative learning. </em><em>The method of this study w</em><em>as</em><em> the systematic literature review with three review stages: planning the review, conducting the review, and reporting the review. The review was focused on the academic paper in the research scope of transformative learning. As the result, we concluded the 3 main components of designing a transformative learning model: (1) transformative outcomes, (2) transformative scaffolding, and (3) transformative learning experience. The study also proposed 7 stages of systematic ID framework in designing transformative learning.</em>
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Facilitating transformative learning is a praiseworthy goal among educators who want to make a significant impact on the lives of their students. Transformative learning is typically defined as involving a fundamental shift in students’ worldviews and/or identity. While we agree that teachers should retain such important goals, we argue that facilitating transformative learning is difficult for many reasons. We then suggest that a more manageable task is to use existing instructional techniques to generate small-scale transformation in the form of transformative experience (TE). Specifically, TE can be used to create micro changes in student perspectives. Transformative experiences are more manageable in the typical classroom and an accumulation of small changes can lead to the type of transformative learning that influences student identity.
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