Incidence of mental and behavioral disorders due to the use of alcohol in the state of Tocantins associated with the COVID-19 pandemic
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With the pandemic status declared on March 11, 2020 by the World Health Organization, countries adopted non-pharmacological social protective measures. The article relates how the pandemic directly entailed to the increase in the number of hospitalizations for mental illness associated with alcohol use, relating the difference of age groups, gender and the spending of the public health system in this area referring to the years 2018 to 2020 in the state of Tocantins. This is a descriptive quantitative epidemiological study, the data were obtained through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System in the periods 2018 to 2020. After analyzing the data, it was possible to observe a 41.41% increase in the number of hospitalizations in the year 2020, being mostly men between 40 and 49 years old. Furthermore, there was an increase in the amounts spent on hospital services, where there is a causal relationship of a decline between the amounts spent in 2018 to 2019, before the Covid-19 pandemic. In the year 2019 to 2020, there was a 51% increase. Therefore, there was an increase in the events examined in this paper, which may be related to a worsening mental health of this population due to the social isolation measures implemented in the world. Thus, it is necessary that the Family Health team program in Primary Care has an efficient and satisfactory preparation to serve this population in order to prevent these excessive expenses in Public Health that are avoidable.Keywords:
Pandemic
Social Isolation
Isolation
Teaching epidemiology in and out of the classroom, J.H. Abramson teaching the reluctant student, C. du V. Florey principles of epidemiology study design and planning, A. Ahlbom data collection and processing, E. Schach preparing for statistical analysis, J. Olsen teaching statistical methods in epidemiology, D. Clayton clinical epidemiology, J.A. Baron epidemiology in health services research, R.D. Weir screening for cancer, N. Day cancer epidemiology, C.S. Muir psychiatric epidemiology, R. Fuhrer and E. Fombonne occupational epidemiology, F. Merletti and P. Comba epidemiology of coronary heart disease, P. Ducimetiere and A. Kalandidi epidemiology of ageing and diseases in the elderly, A. Hofman epidemiology of infectious diseases and the study of outbreaks, D. Reid teaching the practice of epidemiology, U. Brinkmann the epidemiology of tropical diseases, M.E. Wilson epidemiology of AIDS, D. Trichopoulos et al teaching oral and dental epidemiology, F. Scheutz and A. Sheiham pharmacoepidemiology, M.S. Porta and X. Carne teaching epidemiology in EC countries, S. Allwright and J. Pemberton application and teaching of epidemiology developments in the European region of the World Health Organization, M. Thuriaux.
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epiweek creates epidemiological week and equivalent epidemiological year from the calendar date. It extends the week function of Stata. Each epidemiological week begins on a Sunday and ends on Saturday. And the first epidemiological week of year ends on the first Saturday of January, provided that it falls at least four or more days into the month. epiweek2 converts epidemiological week and epidemiological year to the calendar date with the starting Sunday and the ending Saturday.
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Abstract Caregiving to a partner with Alzheimer's disease results in isolation, which impacts on the help/service seeking behaviors of care givers. In-depth interviews done with caregiving wives found that they experienced multiple dimensions of isolation. A tentative ecological model of the dimensions of caregiver isolation is proposed. Research participants did not engage early in supportive help because they were not aware of their isolation, did not know about available supports, and were not identified by medical or social services personnel as needing support and assistance. Social workers need to be aware of the isolating effects of caregiving and reach out to caregivers to avoid or lessen isolation in their caring role.
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Abstract For a social species like humans, it should not be surprising that the absence of social contact for any significant amount of time can have toxic neurobiological consequences. The most severe isolation conditions can be found in incarceration in solitary confinement. There are a great deal of data on isolation that have been gathered from studies of laboratory animals that we believe can provide critical insights into the impact of isolation in humans. In this chapter, we discuss the data from studies of laboratory animals on the impact of isolation on behavior and the brain. We also discuss the regulations that exist regarding the housing and care of these animals, noting the contrast with regulations regarding humans.
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LAY SUMMARY Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the negative consequences of social isolation on well-being, the authors wanted to better understand the impact animals have on Veteran well-being during times of social isolation. The authors searched current articles to find the answer. What was found was limited, but the findings support that human-animal interaction has beneficial effects on Veteran well-being ameliorating the consequences of social isolation.
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The outbreak of COVID-19 has made scientists from all over the world do not measureefforts to understand the dynamics of the disease caused by this coronavirus. Several mathematical models have been proposed to describe the dynamics and make predictions. This work proposes a mathematical model that includes social isolation of susceptible individuals as a strategy of suppression and mitigation of the disease. The Susceptible-Infectious-Isolated-Recovered-Dead (SIQRD) model is proposed to analyze three important issues about the dynamics of the disease taking into account social isolation: when the isolation should begin? How long to keep the isolation? How to get out of this isolation? To get answers, computer simulations are provided and their results discussed. The results obtained show that beginning social isolation on the 10th or 15th days, after confirmation of the 50th case, and with 70% of the population in isolation, seems to be promising, since the infected curve does not grow much until it enters the isolation and remains at a stable level during the isolation. On the other hand an abrupt release of the social isolation will imply a second peak of infected individuals above the first one, which is not desired. Therefore, the release from social isolation should be gradual.
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The aim of this research is to identify the human and environmental characteristics of children who are placed in shelters, and to reduce their social and psychological isolation through a suggested extension program. The research used the descriptive analytical and experimental method, and its tools consisted of five tools prepared by researchers: Depositors in shelters, a measure of social isolation consisting of (5) dimensions (social relations - social withdrawal - social interaction - social integration - social support), and psychological isolation scale consisting of (6) dimensions (introverted - progress Negative self-esteem - negative perception of life - self-confidence - emotional state - depression), a proposed extension program to reduce isolation, and a form of evaluation of counseling program sessions, and the limits of research in the spatial area was determined by the application of the shelter centers of the village of hope in the governorate of Cairo, and represents the human field in A sample of children deprived of family care and placed in the sheltering institutions of Al-Amal Village Society. The sample consisted of (30) male children aged (9-12) years. The sample was divided into two groups (experimental group - control group). Whoever The main general results of the study were to prove the validity of the hypotheses in reducing the social and psychological isolation of the children placed in the sheltering institutions through a proposed extension program. The research recommends raising the capacities of those dealing with the deposited children and expanding the application of some guidance programs to improve the environment of the institutions children Accommodation
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Abstract The fear of spending time alone (isolation) may be closely related to dysfunction in decision‐making. This study tested the prediction that people who strongly fear isolation have a reduced ability to think about social issues. The authors polled Japanese respondents via an online survey ( N = 824). The results revealed that fear of isolation, measured by self‐report, was negatively correlated with the ability to detect inappropriate agendas, inconsistent with a meeting's purpose. Additionally, fear of isolation was negatively correlated with a capacity to detect less relevant propositions addressing the causes of social issues and their solutions. These results showed that the more people feared isolation, the lower their ability to think about social issues. Based on these findings, the authors argue that fear of isolation is a good predictor of a lower ability for contemplating social issues.
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Older adults are particularly susceptible to social isolation. This isolation is caused in part by losses suffered with increasing age. Gerontological nurses can help institute preventive measures designed to delay the onset of this debilitating situation.
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