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    Manipulating Host‐Guest Charge Transfer of a Water‐Soluble Double‐Cavity Cyclophane for NIR‐II Photothermal Therapy
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    Abstract:
    Water-soluble small organic photothermal agents (PTAs) over NIR-II biowindow (1000-1350 nm) are highly desirable, but the rarity greatly limits their applications. Based on a water-soluble double-cavity cyclophane GBox-44+ , we report a class of host-guest charge transfer (CT) complexes as structurally uniform PTAs for NIR-II photothermal therapy. As a result of its high electron-deficiency, GBox-44+ can bind different electron-rich planar guests with a 1 : 2 host/guest stoichiometry to readily tune the CT absorption band that extends to the NIR-II region. When using a diaminofluorene guest substituted with an oligoethylene glycol chain, the host-guest system realized both good biocompatibility and enhanced photothermal conversion at 1064 nm, and was then exploited as a high-efficiency NIR-II PTA for cancer cell and bacterial ablation. This work broadens the potential applications of host-guest cyclophane systems and provides a new access to bio-friendly NIR-II photoabsorbers with well-defined structures.
    Keywords:
    Cyclophane
    Biocompatibility
    Silk fibroin is a natural biomaterial protein due to its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, mechanical property and processibility. The properties of biomaterial scaffolds are quite strict and complex for its practical applica tion in tissue engineering. Recently, many researches on structure biocompatibility and cell biocompatibility of silk fibro in have been conducted. The results showed good biocompatibility of fibroin, which is important for promoting the appli cation of fibroin in tissue engineering.
    Biocompatibility
    Fibroin
    Biomaterial
    Sericin
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    Small hydrocarbon cyclophanes, such as [2.2.0]m,m,m-cyclophane (20) and [2.2.0]p,m,m-cyclophane (21), are strained analogues of the well-known π-prismand [2.2.2]p,p,p-cyclophane (1). The synthetic route to these molecules is based on well-established cyclophane methodology which offers a general access to a whole family of hydrocarbon cyclophanes. Single crystal X-ray analysis and molecular modelling showed that the reduction of the ring size from 18-membered (1) to 14-membered (21) or 13-membered (20) has a substantial effect on the size and the shape of the cyclophane’s cavity, thus blocking its ability to complex Ag+ ions. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2002)
    Cyclophane
    Polycyclic compound
    Polyurethane(PU) has been widely used biomedical material with good stability,excellent mechanical properties and reasonable biocompatibility due to its specific micro-phase separation structure.However,its unsatisfactory blood compatibility results in limitation of application in the biomaterial fields.As far as the dependence of biocompatibility on surface properties of materials is concerned,surface modification has been recognized a preferable way to improve the biocompatibility for biomaterials.In view of many methods applied to modify the surface of polyurethane,the bioactive molecules modified surface through chemical modification has attracted a great of interest.In the present article the approaches of modification to improve the biocompatibility of polyurethane were briefly summarized,and the relationship between polyurethane surface properties and biocompatibility was also discussed.
    Biocompatibility
    Biomaterial
    Surface Modification
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    Background: Biocompatibility and the efficiency of solute removal are important considerations in blood purification therapy. Improvement of biocompatibility is expected to lead to the prevention of dialysis-related complications (e.g. amyloidosis, arteriosclerosis, and malnutrition) and to the delay of disease progression by alleviating microinflammation. Summary: The biocompatibility of dialyzers is greatly influenced by the interaction between blood and the treatment materials, in which the chemical and physical characteristics of membrane materials play important roles. In hemodiafiltration (HDF), treatment characteristics such as dilution modes are also considered to greatly affect this interaction between blood and materials. Studies have reported that the levels of C-reactive protein are decreased in patients receiving HDF. Thus, the improvement of biocompatibility is an important factor in HDF. Key Messages: To improve the biocompatibility of HDF, it is essential to improve the biocompatibility of hemodiafilters. This article outlines the importance of biocompatibility and related factors in HDF.
    Biocompatibility
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