A dual-function [Ru(bpy)3]2+ encapsulated metal organic framework for ratiometric Al3+ detection and anticounterfeiting application
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A smart material HPU-24 loaded with [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ named HPU-24@Ru has been obtained, which could be applied to high-sensitivity Al 3+ sensing and temperature-stimulus high-level anticounterfeiting.Keywords:
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Classical duality and existence results for a multi-criteria supply-demand network equilibrium model
We propose a dual model of a multi-criteria network equilibriummodel and establish a primal-dual relationship between the networkmodel and its dual model under certain generalized monotonicityassumptions. By using Gerstewitz's function, we obtain theprimal-dual relationship without any convexity assumptions. As anapplication of the dual model, we derive an existence result for thenetwork model.
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According to features of the technical college,an entrepreneurship dual platform,based on the school curriculum platform and community practitioner platform,has been designed in this paper.The function and foundation of the system as well as the importance and implement of risk management of student' s entrepreneurship have been described.Finally the feasibility of the dual platform of undertaking education foundation has been verified with an example.
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Shadow price
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Given the production technology of a multiproduct firm, economists usually try to represent this technology by functions, namely the cost function, the revenue function and the input and output distance functions. In doing so the analysis directs the attention to the (dual)matching of quantities and prices. Here, the duality scheme is based on Mahler's inequality and stresses dual aspects of associated functions, whereas the underlying optimization problems are not dual programs. Nevertheless, the discussion of shadow pricing reveals the similarities which exist with respect to some appropriately chosen dual programs.
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Since the reform and opening up,with the continual deepening of the reform in economic system and the shift of the surplus labor to cities,the dual structure of urban residents and outsiders appeared in Shanghai.It is necessary for Shanghai to try best according to the real capability to improve the income and social security and solve the problem of dual structure by combining the local economic development,through system innovation,deepening the reform,trial first,and function transition and others.
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Security system
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Lagrangian relaxation
Duality (order theory)
Augmented Lagrangian method
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Along with the economic system transformation,the administration-oriented function associated with the dual urban-rural system model is weakening while the market-oriented function is gradually strengthening.In the transition period,accumulated effects of the administration-oriented and market-oriented dual systems has not only made dual-system model in China very complicated,but also resulted in dual structure in urban areas.To solve the problems associated with dual urban-rural structure in China,it is necessary to make system innovation,to ensure fairness of urban-rural system,and to enable a coordinated urban-rural development.
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This paper extends the notion of the rational agent in economics by acknowledging the role of the unconscious in the agent's decision-making process. It argues that the unconscious can be modelled by a rational agent with his own objective function and set of information. The combination of both the conscious and unconscious agents is called the dual agent. This dual agent presents rationally biased behaviors that may persist through aggregation and could be potentially measured. It also provides a theoretical approach to the emotionally-driven actions.
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