Chemical looping gasification of biomass char for hydrogen-rich syngas production via Mn-doped Fe2O3 oxygen carrier
Chenlong LiuDengke ChenQianlin TangSiddig AbuelgasimChenghua XuWenju WangJing LuoZhihua ZhaoAtif AbdalazeezRuyue Zhang
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Chemical-Looping Combustion
Chemical-looping steam reforming (CLSR) is a chemical-looping combustion (CLC) derived technology in which air is replaced by steam as oxidant. CLSR combines the inherent CO2 capture of CLC with the production of PEMFC-ready hydrogen streams without further purification steps. CLSR thus results in strong process intensification in hydrogen production. Here, we present results from a proof-of-concept study of CLSR of synthesis gas which combines thermodynamic screening for carrier selection, with synthesis and reactive test of highly active and high-temperature stable nanostructured oxygen carriers, and a reactor modeling study in order to demonstrate the feasibility of CLSR in a periodically operated fixed-bed reactor.
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Conversion of methane to syngas using a chemical‐looping concept is a novel method for syngas generation. This process is based on the transfer of gaseous oxygen source to fuel (e.g., methane) by means of a cycling process using solid oxides as oxygen carriers to avoid direct contact between fuel and gaseous oxygen. Syngas is produced through the gas‐solid reaction between methane and solid oxides (oxygen carriers), and then the reduced oxygen carriers can be regenerated by a gaseous oxidant, such as air or water. The oxygen carrier is recycled between the two steps, and the syngas with a ratio of H 2 /CO = 2.0 can be obtained successively. Air is used instead of pure oxygen allowing considerable cost savings, and the separation of fuel from the gaseous oxidant avoids the risk of explosion and the dilution of product gas with nitrogen. The design and elaboration of suitable oxygen carriers is a key issue to optimize this method. As one of the most interesting oxygen storage materials, ceria‐based and perovskite oxides were paid much attention for this process. This paper briefly introduced the recent research progresses on the oxygen carriers used in the chemical‐looping selective oxidation of methane (CLSOM) to syngas.
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Syngas is a valuable chemical intermediate for producing commodity chemicals, such as olefins, methanol, liquid fuels, etc. The chemical looping route for syngas production presents an attractive alternative to state-of-the-art technology, such as partial oxidation, autothermal reforming, and steam methane reforming. Out of the several chemical looping configurations, the co-current moving-bed reactor with iron titanium composite metal oxide particles has demonstrated a high-purity syngas production. In this study, an alternative reactor configuration (indirect chemical looping system) is proposed to the co-current moving-bed reactor system (direct chemical looping system) to enhance the syngas yield. The indirect chemical looping system consists of a fuel reactor and a syngas generation reactor, both operated in countercurrent mode, with respect to the gas–solid flow, as opposed to just one co-current fuel reactor in the direct chemical looping system. This unique gas–solid contact pattern in the indirect chemical looping system aids in greater utilization of CO2 and H2O and improves the thermodynamic performance for syngas production. Thermodynamic simulations in Aspen Plus software are performed for system analysis and comparison under isothermal and autothermal conditions. Isothermal analysis at several different temperatures and pressures, with and without co-injection of CO2/H2O, is conducted to explain the behavior of the proposed system. Autothermal operation of the system under different pressures is also evaluated to determine the maximum syngas yield within the constraints of a practical system for syngas production to further produce liquid fuels via Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. The results from these simulations are compared against the direct chemical looping system to highlight the difference in thermodynamic constraints between the two processes. The oxidation behavior of reduced Fe2O3–MgAl2O4 with CO2 and H2O is experimentally tested at different pressures and temperatures to gain an understanding for the syngas generation reactor in the indirect chemical looping system.
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