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Carla Dinamerica KobayashiVictor Bertollo Gomes PôrtoMartha Elizabeth Brasil da NóbregaCibelle Mendes CabralTiago Dahrug BarrosCecília Roteli-Martins
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Spontaneous abortion is the most frequent adverse outcome in pregnancy, with a rate of 10% to 20% of all pregnancies. In Brazil, the rate of abortion before the COVID-19 pandemic was of 3.5%. In our study, we observed 24 miscarriages after 678,025 doses of COVID-19 vaccines had been administered in pregnant women in Brazil, which corresponds to an incidence of 3.5 cases per 100,000 doses.[1] Such incidence is lower than the postvaccination rate of abortion related to COVID-19 vaccines described by Trostle et al.[2] and much lower than the historical 3.5% expected rate in Brazil.An epidemiological study of abortion and abortion-related mortality in New York State (exclusive of New York City) shows a pattern of continued decline in mortality over the last 20 years. There is a discussion of maternal mortality associated with the following abortion-connected circumstances: infected spontaneous abortion, spontaneous abortion incidental to primary cause of death, therapeutic abortion, elective abortion, and illegal abortion. Infection was found to be the most important factor associated with abortion-related mortality. Women over 25 died 5 times more often than the teenage group who underwent abortion. Increased length of gestation increased the risk of death. Death from illegal abortion fell substantially after 1970, the year in which a liberalized abortion law was passed in New York.
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연구목적 본 연구의 목적은 COVID-19 전·중·후에 발간된 뉴스 기사의 키워드 변화를 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 ‘여가’에 대한 인식과 패턴의 변화에 대해 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법 연구목적을 달성하기 ‘빅카인즈’에서 여가 키워드로 뉴스 기사를 수집하였고 수집된 데이터는 텍스톰(TEXTOM)을 활용하여 빈도분석과 워드클라우드, N-gram분석을 실시하였다. 결과 첫째, 빈도분석 결과를 살펴보면, COVID-19 전에는 서울, 관계자, 주민, 시간, 일자리 순으로 나타났고 COVID-19 중에는 서울, 코로나, 관계자, 온라인, 일자리 순으로 나타났으며, COVID-19 후 서울, 관계자, 참여자, 시민, 일자리 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, N-gram 분석 결과 COVID-19 전에는 경로당+노인, 문화+여가, 장애인+복지관 순으로 나타났다. COVID-19 중에는 서울+코로나, 코로나+온라인, 소상공인+코로나 순으로 나타났으며, COVID-19 후에는 한강+서울, 수변+서울, 경로당+노인 순으로 나타났다. 결론 첫째, COVID-19 전과 후의 키워드가 유사하게 나타났다. 이는 COVID-19 중 여가의 변화가 일어났지만, 점차 회복하고 있는 것으로 판단할 수 있다. 둘째, COVID-19 전·중·후 동시 출연 단어로 문화+여가와 경로당+노인이 높은 빈도를 나타낸다. 이는 다양한 연령대에서 ‘여가’에 대한 관심과 참여가 멈추지 않을 정도로 높은 중요도를 가지고 활동이 이루어지고 있으므로 보여준다. 따라서 긍정적인 효과를 도출할 수 있는 ‘여가’와 관련된 지원 사업의 확장과 각 대상에 따른 맞춤형 지원 등의 필요성이 강조된다.
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
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2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
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본 연구는 COVID-19와 같은 신종전염병으로 인한 일상생활, COVID-19에 대한 인식, 심리 · 감정 태도의 변화에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 데이터는 한국언론진흥재단에서 전 국민 만 19세 이상 성인 1,000명을 대상으로 2022년 8월 21일~9월 4일까지 온라인 설문 조사한 “COVID-19 이후 국민의 일상변화” 자료에서 서울 · 경기 · 인천지역 성인 512명을 추출하고 성별을 기준으로 분석하였다. COVID-19로 인한 가계 경제의 변화에서 COVID-19로 인하여 남·여 모두 가계 경제가 어려워졌고, 월수입도 감소했다고 응답하였다. COVID-19 종식 후 변화될 생활상태 변화는 건강관리 및 개인위생은 COVID-19 전보다 관리를 증가한 상태로 유지할 것이라 하였다(p =.026). COVID-19 발생이 개인에게 미치는 영향력에서 COVID-19 관련 허위정보 및 오정보를 남성이 여성보다 잘 구별한다고 인식하였다(p =.001). COVID-19로 인한 심리감정 상태는 “불안 두려움(p .001)”, “무기력감 또는 좌절감(p .001)”, “짜증 또는 화(p =.029)”, “걱정 또는 스트레스(p .001)”, “외로움 또는 우울(p .001)”에서 남성보다 여성이 높게 나타났다. 결과적으로 COVID-19의 종식보다는 “위드-코로나”를 준비해야 한다고 생각하는 시점에서 조만간 우리가 맞게 될 “위드-코로나”에 대한 억눌리고 하지 못했던 것들에 대한 폭발적 발산이 아닌 체계적으로 준비된 “위드-코로나”를 맞이해야 앞으로 발생하는 신종전염병과 같은 재앙에 대비할 수 있을 것이라 생각한다.
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
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Цель – выявить эпидемиологические особенности формирования очагов COVID-19 с распространением в организованных коллективах Хабаровского края в период с апреля по сентябрь 2020 г.
Материалы и методы. В период наблюдения зарегистрирован 31 эпидемический очаг с массовым распространением CОVID-19 в организованных коллективах Хабаровского края. При проведении эпидемиологического анализа учитывался вклад групповой заболеваемости в общую заболеваемость COVID-19, индекс очаговости (среднее число заболевших в очаге), показатели первичной и вторичной (среди контактных лиц) заболеваемости в организованных коллективах в расчете на 1000 лиц, общавшихся в очаге, удельный вес клинических форм инфекции COVID-19, в том числе в зависимости от типа эпидемического очага. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с использованием методов непараметрического анализа в программе STATISTICA 6.0. На основе установленных критериев активности эпидемического процесса (ЭП) осуществлялась оценка эпидемической значимости различных типов очагов групповой заболеваемости. Для присвоения ранговых номеров критериев применены методики Хи-квадрата Пирсона, Хи квадрата Пирсона с поправкой Йейтса, в отношении средней длительности существования очага использован метод Манна-Уитни.
Результаты и обсуждение. Самая высокая степень активности ЭП наблюдалась при формировании очагов групповой заболеваемости COVID-19 в социальных стационарных учреждениях, которая проявилась наибольшим (средним на 1 очаг) числом заболевших/инфицированных COVID-19, самыми высокими показателями общей и вторичной (то есть среди контактных в очагах) заболеваемости инфекцией и наибольшей длительностью активности ЭП в очагах. К критериям несколько меньшей, но достаточно существенной активности ЭП в очагах, сформированных в медицинских организациях, следует отнести высокий уровень общей заболеваемости COVID-19, приходящийся в среднем на 1 эпидемический очаг, регистрацию заболеваемости среди контактных с первично заболевшими лицами, наличие летальных исходов среди заболевших в очагах, а также большой вклад медицинских работников в общую групповую заболеваемость COVID-19, зарегистрированную в лечебно-профилактических учреждениях края. Меньшая степень активности ЭП COVID-19 выявлена в очагах групповой заболеваемости, зарегистрированных на крупных промышленных предприятиях и в образовательных организациях, для которых оказались не характерными случаи заболеваний среди контактных лиц и летальные исходы среди инфицированных в очагах. Статистически значимо наиболее высокий удельный вес острых респираторно-вирусных инфекций в структуре лиц, заболевших COVID-19, оказался свойственным для очагов с распространением в образовательных коллективах.
Заключение. На основе представленных критериев активности ЭП может быть использован дифференцированный подход к проведению мер профилактики в очагах групповой заболеваемости COVID-19. В коллективах с высоким риском распространения COVID-19, в которых вероятность возникновения вспышечной заболеваемости особенно велика, наиболее оправдан усиленный комплекс постоянно действующих упреждающих мер профилактики новой коронавирусной инфекции.
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
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Objective:To investigate the distribution and common reason of abortion for hospitalized women in Cangzhou city,provide scientific foundation for the government to take effective measures to decrease the number of induced abortion and to reduce the abortion rate.Methods:It was conducted in 5 hospitals with the method of across-sectional study,parturient question in hospital and the status description of induced abortion.Results:The proportion of induced abortion was 48.5%,the times of induced abortion ranged from 1 to 6.The youngest age for the first time of abortion was 15 years old;the abortion of unmarried women for the first time was 47.39%;the proportion of induced abortion increased with the age of parturient;unintended abortion became the primary reason of induced abortion.Conclusion:It is found that the proportion of induced abortion in Cangzhou is higher,and has the tendency of young and unmarried wemen induded,and the reason for that is complicated.Scientific and effective measures should be taken to reduce induce abortion rate.
Induced Abortions
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Objective To study the status of spontaneous abortion among reproductive wowen aged 20～44 years in Nanchang areas.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on reproductive history of women and the sample was chosen with multistage cluster random sampling technique.Results A total of 5 468 women aged from 20 to 44 years-old in Nanchang were studied with a total of 10 098 pregnancies.There were 396 spontaneous abortion with an incidence rate of 6.04%.The occurrence of spontaneous abortion inreased with the increase of pregnancy and the age of first pregnancy.Conclusion The occurrence of spontaneous abortion increased with the increase of pregnancies.The focus time of spontaneous abortion is 5～10 years after marriage.Occupation is a risk factor of spontaneous abortion.Compared with the historical data there is an upward trend of spontaneous abortion in Nanchang.
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We highlight in this short article the side-effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the management of non-COVID patients, with potential detrimental and irreversible complications. We thus propose adjusted strategies to deal with both COVID and non−COVID patients.
2019-20 coronavirus outbreak
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Journal Article INDUCED ABORTION AND SPONTANEOUS ABORTION: NO CONNECTION? Get access JENNIE KLINE, JENNIE KLINE 2 1New York State Psychiatric Institute and Division of Epidemiology, Columbia University School of Public Health 2 Reprint requests to Dr. Kline, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Columbia University, 600 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ZENA STEIN, ZENA STEIN 1New York State Psychiatric Institute and Division of Epidemiology, Columbia University School of Public Health Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MERVYN SUSSER, MERVYN SUSSER 3Division of Epidemiology, Columbia University School of Public Health and Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DOROTHY WARBURTON DOROTHY WARBURTON 4Department of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, Columbia University Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 107, Issue 4, April 1978, Pages 290–298, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112544 Published: 01 April 1978 Article history Received: 19 September 1977 Accepted: 06 December 1977 Published: 01 April 1978
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Journal Article SPONTANEOUS ABORTION AND INDUCED ABORTION: AN ADJUSTMENT FOR THE PRESENCE OF INDUCED ABORTION WHEN ESTIMATING THE RATE OF SPONTANEOUS ABORTION FROM CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDIES Get access EZRA SUSSER EZRA SUSSER Send reprint requests to Dr. Susser at the Sergievsky Center, Health Sciences, Columbia U., 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar American Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 117, Issue 3, March 1983, Pages 305–308, https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113542 Published: 01 March 1983 Article history Received: 20 May 1982 Published: 01 March 1983
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