Poor subjective sleep reported by people living with HIV is associated with impaired working memory
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Abstract Background. Poor sleep can undermine the health of people in general and may be especially disruptive to those with chronic conditions including HIV infection. Methods. Here, clinically well-described people living with HIV infection [PLWH] (74 men, 35 women) and healthy control (38 men, 35 women) participants were administered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), which is a validated measure of subjective sleep with a global score ≥ 5 able to distinguish good from poor sleepers. In addition, participants completed neuropsychological tests assessing executive functioning, working memory, and learning and memory. Results. PLWH (6.8±3.7) had higher global PSQI scores than those of healthy controls (4.1±2.8): 39.7% of uninfected controls and 68.8% of PLWH had a PSQI ≥ 5 indicative of poor sleep. There were no relations between the global PSQI score and any evaluated variables among healthy-control individuals or with demographic or HIV-related variables in PLWH. Instead, a higher global PSQI score among PLWH was associated with worse “Quality of Life” measures including scores on the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF, p = .0007), the Medical Outcomes Study survey (21-item short form, SF-21, p < .0001), and Activities of Daily Living-Instrumental (ADL-I, p = .0041); and more depressive symptoms as determined by the Beck Depression Index (BDI, p < .0001). Further, in PLWH, a higher global PSQI score was associated with poor performance on a working memory task, the digit backward span (p = .0036). In PLWH, the 5 variables together explained 32.3% of the global PSQI score variance; only 3 variables – the SF-21, BDI, and digit backward scores – explained 30.6% of the variance. Conclusions. To the extent that poor subjective sleep contributes to impaired working memory in HIV, we speculate that this impairment may be ameliorated by improved sleep health.Keywords:
Memory span
Depression
Neuropsychological Assessment
Objective: To investigate current status of sleep quality of medical college students,and to propose specific measures.Methods: Stratified sampling survey was performed.Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and a self-designed questionnaire about influencing factors of sleep quality were used.Results: The average PSQI score of 1 547 medical college students was 6.22±2.36,and 27.4 percent of them showed poor sleep quality.The differences between different genders and specialties were not statistically significant(P0.05).The three-year students got the highest PSQI score(P0.05).Conclusions: Sleep quality of medical college students generally is not good.Integrated measures should be taken to improve their sleep quality and promote their psychosomatic health.
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Purpose:The purpose of this study was to review articles that used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale to measure sleep quality among adults with trauma experiences
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Sleep disturbance and depression are commonly encountered in primary care. In sickle cell disease, depression is associated with pain, poor treatment compliance, and lower quality of life. The prevalence of sleep disturbance and its effect upon quality of life in adults with sickle cell disease is unknown. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of sleep disturbance and if it is associated with pain and depression in sickle cell disease. Three hundred twenty eight adults with sickle cell disease enrolled on the Bethesda Sickle Cell Cohort Study were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Beck Depression Inventory II screening measures as a cross-sectional survey. Scores greater than 5 (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and 16 (Beck Depression Inventory II) defined sleep disturbance and depression, respectively. Clinical and laboratory parameters were also assessed. The mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score was 8.4 (SD ± 4.2) indicating a 71.2% prevalence of sleep disturbance. The mean Beck Depression Inventory II score was 8.0 (SD ± 8.9). Sixty five (20.6%) participants had a score indicating depression, and half of these (10.0%) had thoughts of suicide. Both Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Beck Depression Inventory II scores were significantly correlated (p < .001). The number of days with mild/moderate pain (p = .001) and a history of headaches (p = .005) were independently associated with depression by multivariate regression analysis. Patients with sleep disturbance were older (p = .002), had higher body mass index (p = .011), had more days of pain (p = .003) and more frequent severe acute painful events (emergency room visits and hospitalizations) during the previous 12 months (p < .001). More than 70 percent of adults with sickle cell disease had sleep disturbance, while 21 percent showed evidence of clinical depression. Sleep disturbance and depression were correlated, and were most common among those with more frequent pain. Providers caring for adults with sickle cell disease and frequent pain should consider screening for these common co-morbidities. Additional study is needed to confirm these findings and to determine if treatments for pain, depression or sleep disturbances will improve quality of life measures in this patient population. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00011648 .
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Objective To investigate sleep quality of the elderly in cadre's sanitarium,and to provide the strategies of health care for improving sleep quality.Methods 140 cases of the elderly whose ages were older than or equal to 60 in cadre's sanitarium were selected by cluster sampling method.Their sleep quality were investigated with the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI).Results(1)The average score of PSQI was 7.03±4.22.46.4% of the elderly who had sleep problems.(2)The older women's sleep quality were generally poorer than the men's sleep(P0.05).Sleep quality had significantly negative correlation with age(P0.05).The aged people with higher educational level had better sleep quality(P0.05).Conclusion Sleep quality of the elderly in cadre's sanitarium is not optimistic.It is suggested that more countermeasures should be applied in order to improve their sleep quality.
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Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have poor sleep quality, but little is known about which factors affect sleep at time of diagnosis.Patients with newly diagnosed ALS were administered the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-Revised, and ALS Functional Rating Scale and were compared with controls.Forty-three patients, age 63.8 ± 11.5 years, ALS Functional Rating Scale 30.7 ± 5.0. Poor sleep quality was frequent: 27 (63%) patients had PSQI >5 compared with 16 (37%) controls (P = 0.031); with higher PSQI (7.1 ± 4.1 vs. 4.7 ± 2.8, P = 0.003). PSQI correlated with Beck Depression Inventory-Revised (r = 0.344, P = 0.024) and inability to turn in bed (r = -0.335, P = 0.033).Patients with newly diagnosed ALS have poor sleep quality, which is associated with depression and difficulty turning in bed. Longitudinal studies to examine the evolution of sleep quality and the effectiveness of individualized interventions are needed in patients with ALS.
Epworth Sleepiness Scale
Depression
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Objective To analyze the sleep quality and influential factors of sleep in postgraduates and improve their sleep quality.Methods The pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and a self-designed questionnaire were adopted to survey 214 postgraduates.Results The mean score of PSQI was(4.49±2.32). The score for girls(5.13±2.69)was significantly higher than boys(4.28±2.15)(t=-2.33,P0.05).The influential factors of sleep quality among postgraduates mainly included lacking hobbies,trouble of love,irregular work and rest.Conclusion The sleep quality in postgraduates is not high. The influential factors to sleep quality among postgraduates are multiple,so synthetic measures should be taken to improve the sleep quality.
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To assess insomnia in a rehabilitation population, the authors examined the utility and validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The assessment of insomnia is relevant to the treatment of traumatic brain injury at the postacute level and routine screening for insomnia may be enhanced by the availability of a standardized, conveniently used, self-report sleep questionnaire.The authors prospectively studied 91 consecutive patients with traumatic brain injury who were admitted to an outpatient neurorehabilitation program. Besides administering the PSQI, Beck Depression Inventory, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Multidimensional Pain Inventory, sleep diary and interview data were obtained and used to divide subjects into insomnia and noninsomnia groups according to the criteria established by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, ed 4.Sensitivity and specificity rates to the clinical diagnosis of insomnia were 93% and 100%, respectively, for a PSQI Global Score of >8, and 83% and 100% for a diagnosis of insomnia based exclusively on PSQI-derived sleep variable data. Sleep diary data provided concurrent validity for PSQI estimates of sleep-onset latency, sleep duration, and sleep efficiency. The Beck Depression Inventory, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Multidimensional Pain Inventory established concurrent validity for individual PSQI items pertaining to mood, hypersomnia, and pain disturbance.The PSQI was demonstrated to be a valid and useful screening tool for assessing insomnia among postacute patients with traumatic brain injury.
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Background: Complaints of sleep disturbance are more prevalent among women.Women in childbearing age (15-49 years) are prone to sleep disturbances due to the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and many other hormonal changes.So this study was designed with an objective to assess the sleep quality among women of childbearing age.Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in sleep disorder clinic and laboratory of Srirama Chandra Bhanja Medical College, Cuttack, Odhisa, India between October 2014 and September 2015.Two hundred eleven women of childbearing age participated.Sleep was assessed by the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) scale.Results: Among poor sleeper women 56.5% were from age 15 to 26 years which is higher from other age groups.About 61.9% of pregnant women were poor sleepers.About 83.3% of the second-trimester pregnant women were poor sleepers.Conclusion: Sleep abnormality in women of childbearing age starts from a very early age.Most pregnant women suffer from sleep abnormality mainly in the second trimester.
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Depression
Univariate analysis
Beck Anxiety Inventory
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