Three-dimensional polyaniline/cerium oxide composite aerogel with enhanced microwave absorption properties
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Mg germanide nanorods were successfully fabricated by interdiffusion of the Mg into Ge nanorods on Si substrates at 425 oC for 0.5 h. It was observed that the Mg2Ge nanorod structures were formed by an interdiffusion process between the deposited Mg atoms and the Ge nanorods. Moreover, Mg2Si nanorods were formed by additional interdiffusion between the Mg2Ge nanorods and the Si substrates at 425 oC for 4 h. The structural properties of the Mg2Ge and Mg2Si nanorods were characterized, and the growth evolution of the structural and morphological properties of the nanorods was discussed.
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CeO2 nanorods were synthesized by a hydrothermal method and used as the support for preparing a series of Ni/CeO2 nanorod catalysts. The surface area of the catalysts decreased when the Ni percent over the CeO2 nanorods was increased. SEM results showed that the CeO2 is formed by nanorods approximately 1 μm in length. TEM and HREM revealed that the width of the nanorods is about 8 nm and it grew along the [1 1 1¯] axis. The catalytic activity of the catalysts was improved as the Ni was loaded onto CeO2 nanorods. The exposed planes of the CeO2 nanorod structure along the zone axis [0 1 1] for Ni impregnation were (1¯ 1¯ 1), (1 1 1¯), (1 1¯ 1), (1¯ 1 1¯), (2 0 0) and (2¯ 0 0) and they were more reactive for methanol conversion than (2¯ 2¯ 0), (2¯ 0 2¯), (0 2 2¯), (0 2¯ 2), (2 0 2) and (2 2 0) planes from the [1 1 1¯] axis (growth direction of the nanorod). This finding is mainly ascribed to the synergistic effect of the CeO2 nanorods and the Ni.
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Abstract Aerogel are synthetic light weight material obtained in a gel form with gas without any shrinkage. The first form of aerogel is produced by using Silica gels. There are several other types of aerogels such as carbon-Based aerogel, clay-Based aerogel and silica-Based aerogel. Aerogel are mostly in solid form with extremely low conductivity and possess very low density and high porosity ( < 100nm). Aerogel are water repellent material. In recent years, Aerogel have attracted towards various sectors, including building construction based on their promising properties and surprising applications in wide range of technical spaces. Aerogel based materials are prepared for its high-performance thermal insulation applications in building sectors. Despite, it also used in manufacture of chemical products, Electronics, thermal and acoustic insulations, energy absorbers, space suits and in building systems. This paper reviews the properties, formation and applications of aerogel in various sectors and its abundant utilization in building construction.
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We have simulated the heating process of gold nanorods, elucidating a mechanism by which nanorods alter their aspect ratio at higher temperatures. We also studied the relative stabilities of nanorods by constructing nanorods with varying ratios of {110} to {100} exposed surfaces along the body of the nanorod. The least stable nanorod was found to be the nanorod with the largest {110} surfaces, followed by the nanorod with the largest {100} surfaces, while the nanorod with approximately equal surface areas of {100} and {110} surface was found to be the most stable. It was also found that the addition of surface disorder increased the stability of nanorods with large {110} surfaces, while paradoxically decreasing the stability of nanorods with large {100} surfaces. The reasons for this are elucidated and compared to experimental laser-induced gold nanorod transformation studies.
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A chain of three silver nanorods with progressively decreasing sizes and separations is designed to focus the electric fields around the small nanorods. The optical properties of the chain of silver nanorods are investigated by the discrete dipole approximation method. The results show that, compared with the individual small nanorod and the chain of two nanorods, many enhanced electric fields are focused around the small nanorod of the chain of three nanorods due to the electric field couplings between adjacent nanorods. Therefore, the design of the chain of three nanorods provides a way to obtain stronger electric fields. In addition, how the structural parameters of the chain of three nanorods affect their optical properties is also studied.
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