Current Data on Oral Peri-Implant and Periodontal Microbiota and Its Pathological Changes: A Systematic Review
16
Citation
32
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
The 5- and 10-year implant success rates in dentistry are nearly 90%. Prevalence of peri-implant diseases is 10% for peri-implantitis and 50% for peri-implant mucositis. To better understand these inflammatory pathologies of infectious origin, it is important to know if the composition of the peri-implant microbiota is comparable with the periodontal microbiota in healthy and pathological conditions. New generation sequencing (NGS) is a recent metagenomic method that analyzes the overall microorganisms present in an ecological niche by exploiting their genome. These methods are of two types: 16S rRNA sequencing and the shotgun technique. For several years, they have been used to explore the oral, periodontal, and, more specifically, peri-implant microbiota. The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the recent results of these new explorations by comparing the periodontal and peri-implant microbiota in patients with healthy and diseased sites and to explore the microbiological characteristics of peri-implantitis. A better knowledge of the composition of the peri-implant microbiota would enable us to optimize our therapeutic strategies. An electronic systematic search was performed using the medical databases PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect, and Periodontology 2000. The selected articles were published between January 2015 and March 2021. Inclusion criteria included clinical studies comparing healthy and pathological periodontal and peri-implant microbiota exclusively using 16S rRNA sequencing or shotgun sequencing, with enrolled populations free of systemic pathology, and studies without substantial bias. Eight articles were selected and reviewed. All of them used 16S rRNA sequencing exclusively. The assessment of these articles demonstrates the specific character of the peri-implant microbiota in comparison with the periodontal microbiota in healthy and pathological conditions. Indeed, peri-implant diseases are defined by dysbiotic bacterial communities that vary from one individual to another, including known periodontopathogens such as Porphyromonas gingivalis (P.g.) and genera less mentioned in the periodontal disease pattern such as Filifactor alocis. Examination of peri-implant microbiota with 16S rRNA sequencing reveals differences between the periodontal and peri-implant microbiota under healthy and pathological conditions in terms of diversity and composition. The pattern of dysbiotic drift is preserved in periodontal and peri-implant diseases, but when comparing the different types of pathological sites, the peri-implant microbiota has a specificity in the presence of bacteria proper to peri-implantitis and different relative proportions of the microorganisms present.Keywords:
Mucositis
Peri-implantitis
Mucositis
Regimen
Cite
Citations (27)
This position paper was prepared by the Research, Science and Therapy Committee of the American Academy of Periodontology and is intended to provide the dental profession with an overview of the evidence regarding the adjunctive use of locally delivered antimicrobials in the management of patients with periodontitis. J Periodontol 2000;71:125-140.
Position paper
Position (finance)
Cite
Citations (88)
Abstract Severe/progressive periodontitis is associated with cardiovascular disease, cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and dozens of other serious diseases. Herpesviruses are implicated in severe periodontitis and in specific subsets of each of the above systemic diseases. That both periodontitis and herpesviruses are linked to the same nonoral diseases is consistent with a systemic pathogenic role of periodontal herpesviruses. Effective control of periodontitis‐related systemic diseases requires collaboration between dentistry and medicine. Periodontology has emerged as an important preventive medical discipline, and periodontal teaching and practice need to adjust accordingly.
Cite
Citations (14)
To investigate the prevalence and treatment of oral mucositis caused by concurrent chemoradiotherapy and/or molecular targeted therapy in the patients with advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.A retrospective study of the incidence and treatment of oral mucositis was performed in 179 patients (155 male and 24 female;124 patients at stage III and 55 patients at stage IV) receiving concurrent chemotherapy and (or) molecular targeted therapy between November 2007 and November 2010. Grade I, II, III and IV oral mucositis occurred respectively in 49, 50, 67 and 13 patients. All the patients received oral mucositis prophylaxis. After the occurrence of oral mucositis, conventional treatment of mucositis combined with quinolone antibiotics were applied.Of the patients, 99 patients with grade I or II and 4 patients with grade III oral mucositis were effectively managed by conventional treatment; 76 patients with grade III or IV oral mucositis were also significantly controled by conventional treatment plus antibiotics. After the treatments, all patients with oral mucositis were under control, with the decrease in the grade of oral mucositis, the reduction of oral pain and the improvement in ability to eat. None of them had radiation treatment breaks.Combined modality therapy can effectively control chemoradiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, grade I and II oral mucositis were cured by conventional treatment and quinolone antibiotics play a key role in the treatments for grade III and IV oral mucositis.
Mucositis
Chemoradiotherapy
Cite
Citations (12)
The identification of the associative relationships between ischemic stroke (IS) and risk factors such as advanced age and periodontitis is essential to design real screening protocols and to address them using primary and secondary preventive policies. This study primarily aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the 2018 European Federation of Periodontology/American Academy of Periodontology (EFP/AAP) case definition in detecting periodontitis against the 2012 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/American Academy of Periodontology (CDC/AAP) case definition in a group of IS patients. Secondarily, we report the periodontal status of IS patients and the associative relationship with respect to some risk factors. Patients with their first IS were assessed based on demographic data, medical, oral risk factors and periodontal parameters. The two case definitions were applied to identify the periodontitis burden. The agreement between the two case definition systems, as well as the misclassification ratio, were calculated. A total of 141 patients were included. According to the 2012 CDC/AAP and the 2018 EFP/AAP case definitions, a frequency of periodontitis of 98.5% and 97.8% based on two modalities of inclusion of cases in the severity groups, sensitivity values of 98.54% or 100%, and specificity values of 25% or 14.7% were calculated. Thus, the new case definition system has a higher capacity to detect periodontitis, especially the well-established forms.
Stroke
Cite
Citations (12)
Introduction: The present study was conducted to evaluate oral mucositis in oral cancer patients receiving head and neck radiotherapy.
Methods: Sixty oral cancer patients who had received at least 40 grays of radiation were included in the study. Mucositis was scored by oroscopy using WHO scale. Grades of mucositis were then compared with total dose of radiation received by the patients.
Results: The cases were receiving the mean cumulative dose of standard radiation therapy of 2Gy per fraction, 5 fractions per week. All the patients developed oral mucositis. The majority had grade I mucositis, followed by grade III, II and IV. The grade of mucositis was directly proportional to the dose of radiation exposure.
Conclusion: Oral mucositis occurs among all the patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy and grade of mucositis is proportional to the dose of radiation exposure.
Mucositis
Cumulative dose
Cite
Citations (3)
Background Mucositis is a disabling effect of radiotherapy in head and neck cancers. There is no current standard on management of radiation-induced mucositis. Honey has been shown to reduce radiation-induced mucositis. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to assess the ability of honey in reducing the severity of oral mucositis, time to mucositis, weight loss, and treatment interruptions. Results Eight studies were included and showed that honey was significantly better in lowering the risk for treatment interruptions, weight loss, and delaying time to mucositis, but not severity of mucositis. Conclusion There is current evidence that honey is beneficial for patients with head and neck cancers by decreasing treatment interruptions, weight loss, and delaying the onset of oral mucositis, but not in decreasing peak mucositis score. In light of the results, honey is a reasonable treatment for radiation-induced mucositis, but more randomized clinical trials (RCTs) should be done. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: 1119–1128, 2016
Mucositis
Cite
Citations (50)
Oral mucositis remains a concern in the treatment of head and neck malignancies.This small study included 11 patients treated by hypo-fractionated radiotherapy and assessed for oral mucositis.All patients received a radiation dose of 55 Gy in 20 fractions (2.75 Gy/fraction).At the end of the first week of radiation, three patients had Grade I oral mucositis.During the last week of radiation, most of the patients developed Grade II and III mucositis, 7 (64%) and 4 (36%), respectively.At one month follow-up, 5 (46%) of them had Grade I, while 2 (18%) had developed Grade II mucositis.At three months, 2 (18%) had Grade I mucositis, and none of the patients showed Grade II/III oral mucositis.Grade II oral mucositis was the most common grade found mainly in the last week of radiation therapy.None had Grade IV oral mucositis.
Mucositis
Cite
Citations (0)
Abstract Aim To study cytokine profiles and intra‐individual correlations in crevicular fluid samples at periodontitis, peri‐implantitis, and healthy sites. Materials and methods Samples from gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri‐implant crevicular fluid (PICF) were collected from healthy and diseased sites in patients who had had dental implants for a minimum of 10 years. Cytokine levels were analyzed using the Bio‐Plex Pro Human inflammation kit, which included biomarkers for the tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) superfamily, regulatory T Cell (Treg) cytokines, and interferon (IFN) proteins. Results Gingival crevicular fluid/PICF cytokine levels, determined in samples from 163 patients, were frequently lower for healthy tooth and implant sites compared to sites with periodontitis or peri‐implantitis. In contrast, there were no significant differences in cytokine levels between peri‐implant sites and periodontitis sites. Intra‐individual correlations between cytokines at peri‐implant sites were frequently significant. In addition, the cytokines IFN‐λ1 and TNFSF12 were significantly correlated with the presence of peri‐implantitis. Conclusion Within the limits of this study, the intra‐individual cytokine profile did not differ between sites diagnosed with periodontitis and those diagnosed with peri‐implantitis, but did differ between healthy tooth and healthy implant sites. Studying intra‐individual cytokine profiles is a method to elucidate possible differences between the etiopathogeneses of periodontitis and peri‐implantitis, since it is well known that immune responses to dysbiosis vary between individuals according to host factors. Thus, the findings of the present study are potentially relevant to the advancement of knowledge in this field.
Peri-implantitis
Cite
Citations (17)
Peri-implantitis is similar to periodontitis, but there are some differences. For the effective control of peri-implantitis, it is necessary to clarify its similarities and differences with periodontitis in terms of gene expression.
Peri-implantitis
Pathogenesis
Cite
Citations (5)