Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic and Its Effects on Bariatric Surgical Practice: Analysis of GENEVA Study Database
Rishi SinghalTom WigginsSjaak PouwelsYashasvi RajeevBrijesh MadhokWasim HanifAbd A. TahraniYitka GrahamChristian LudwigKamal MahawarMiguel LamotaSalah M. RaslanAziz SümerSurendra UgaleRadwan KassirAhmet Ziya BaltaKrishnamohan YarlagaddaMarcelo L. FageFrancisco Aguilar EspinosaAloy J. MukherjeePedro R. Martinez DuartezDigvijaysingh BediMehmet Mahir ÖzmenMohammad KermansaraviE BaldiniMahendra NarwariaOsama Mohammed MurshidAbou-Mrad AdelChirag R. ParikhChristian O. Ramirez-SerranoFrancesco MartiniRandeep WadhawanRonnal Patricio VargasFrancesco PizzaSergio CarandinaMehmet KızılkayaMiroslav IlićPatricio A. LamozaTuna BılecıkMarcelo C. TorresCésar GuevaraJose Eduardo Garcia-FloresNasser SakranSebastián Arana-GarzaManish KhaitanFaruk KaratekeVíctor ValentíNicola TartagliaNandakishore DukkipatiSonja ChiappettaMario MusellaManuel CarvalhoEnrico PinottiArun PrasadKamran ShahEfstratia BailiSyed Imran AbbasCarlo NagliatiOctávio ViveirosRui RibeiroLuigi AngrisaniIan SorianoAhmed Chakib AbbadiNilton KawaharaP. RajGhulam SiddiqHany BalamounCarlos VazAparna Govil BhaskerJacqués HimpensAjjana TechagumpuchApoorv ShrivastavaMahidhar ValetiB BokobzaAhmad BashirS. AvalloneHugues SebbagMiguel Angel Escarti UsoAgustin E. RodriguezDiego AwruchCamilo Ortiz SilvaAmador García Ruiz de GordejuelaChih‐Kun HuangEmilio MannoElena Ruiz-ÚcarJosé M. BalibreaSteven Paul MarcoenCüneyt KırkılAlmantas MaleckasDang Tuan PhamEric J. HazebroekWaleed Al‐KhyattTigran PoghosyanJulian W. MallRajat GoelPatrick Noe͏̈lVivek BindalDurga PrasadOscar M. Gomez DavilaLilian KowMarc FocquetTaryel OmerovAthanasios PantelisHércio Azevedo de Vasconcelos CunhaCarlos ZerrweckViore DejeuSafwan A. TahaY Gonzalez DominguezCătălin CopăescuAdriano Ribeiro Meyer PflugFernando J. Martinez-UbietoAntonella UsaiGirish Kumar JunejaMahmoud Moustafa BashoNahum BeglaibterTadeja PintarNeslihan AğbabaMarco AnselminoAnders ThorellOzan ŞenTom WigginsNelson TrellesGürdal ÖrenAndrew RobertsonElias Chousleb MizrahiGustavo Sevá‐PereiraFabio Alves CarvalhoAhmed Khalil SalmanGiovanni DapriPrashant H. SalviMurat UstonAmir Hosein Davarpana ah JaziAbdollah ZandiMustafa I. AllouchCamilo BozaCarlos O. EsquivelMiguel Ángel Martín CarbajoMaaz Ul HassanAdrian Augusto Graniel DiazMohamad Hayssam ElfawalJosé Vicente FerrerDavide MazzaStefano OlmiVandana SoniMatteo UccelliGregory E. JonesLakshmi S. KonaDaniel CottamBekkhan B. KhatsievMauricio Zuluaga ZuluagaKhaled GawdatHeitor P. PóvoasPiotr MajorHazem Al-MomaniMarina KurianFabio Cesare CampanileDavid HazzanAntone Muneer AlhallakGrzegorz KowalskiKrzysztof KasejaMarkos DaskalakisAsnat RazielKonstantinos AlbanopoulosAlexandros CharalabopoulosG. JuttenParag PatelAnmol AhujaTarun MittalAsim ShabbirMagan MehrotraEnrico FacchianoAndré Luiz Gioia MorrellAntonio J. TorresRonald S. L. LiemTerry L. SimpsonAlmino RamosMazen TakieddineSandeep AggarwalPradeep ChowbeyL PiazzaAlen PajtakMohamad Aznan ShuhailiZdenko BorasJuan Santiago AzagraMohamed QassemMohey R. ElbannaAbdulmajid AliRutger J. FrankenDimitri J. PournarasSami MansourNestor Apáez AraujoAbraham KrikhelyChetan ParmarMarcelo LoHqbib AjamiRajanikanth YarramHasan KaisOmer Al‐TaanMichael W. HiiFrancisco J. Barrera RodriguezHosam ElghadbanJorge Jpc Pérez CruzSalvador Ramírez ZavalaAndré LázaroManel RieraSherif AwadGuilhermino N. S. NetoMauricio E. Valencia AJuan C. OlivaresJuan A. AltuveJitesh ParmarRicardo V. CohenSergio VerboonenMaurizio De LucaHeath J. AntoineYangel Núñez SantanaJhon C. Carrasco FloresRicardo TamezGilberto UngsonPaulina SalminenEvren DilektaşlıLuciano AntozziHussam AdiAdolfo Leyva‐AlvizoSandra Viviana AndinoRey Jesús RomeroNasir NizamiMonika Proczko-StepaniakMarleen M. RomeijnIsaac Walker de AbreuMark PeterSalena WardRicardo NassarHany Mohamed AboshanabJuan F. Ortega PuyMohammed Khalid Mirza GariWah YangFranco FavrettiJon KristinssonMoataz BashahLuis Flávio Vilela De MesquitaFelipe J. CantuHalit Eren TaşkınJesús Santos GonzálezPeter LambCristian Eugeniu BoruAbdulzahra HussainBilal AlkhaffafPeriyathambi JambulingamChek H. TogJorge D. PicardoА. Е. НеймаркBasil J. AmmoriZhiyong DongUbaldo H. Garcia TrujilloLaurent LayaniVincenzo SalsanoAvinash TankBruno ZilbersteinDênis PajeckiArin K. SahaTalat Al ShabanErsun TopalDonald Van Der FraenenManuel Enrique Jimenez AminFernando P. GalazNael AbdoAbbas Abdel Rahman MohamedLuis PoggiHüseyin ÇiyiltepeCácio Ricardo WietzycoskiGiuseppe G. S. ScaleraRamen GoelNewton Teixeira SantosAatif InamEsther MansMohammad AltarawniMohammed Al HadadA. MejdaneAbdul Aziz Saleh MhannaSantiago Martı́nMurat AkbabaShahzad Alam ShahDieter BirkMd Tanveer AdilMáximo Max TorresH ElmalehKarl V. MillerKirubakaran MalapanHikmat MatarRavikrishna MamidannaAhmad GudalEmad AljohaniJosé L. EstradaFelipe Eduardo FioloMohd Nizam Md HashimManuel-Rodrigo Prieto-AldapeMourad NiaziRicardo X. Cuellar TamezJ. DargentObaid M. AlharbiAbhishek KatakwarFeras DalatiSharad SharmaTarig A. SamarkandyMiguel Angel M. F. Farina Del RioSurrendar DawaniMaria-Teresa Van Der MerweMarcos Leão Vilas-BôasAlaa Abbass MoustafaOleg DukhnoAhmed AhmedFoolad EghbaliSamik Kumar BandyopadhyayAmir Ul Haq KhanAlan GK LiMatyas FehervariEduardo SilvaMarcos KostalasTamir SalihHosam HamedRoel BolckmansBassem AmrRichard WelbournJose Arturo Meneses CervantesVinod MenonBernardo MarzanoManuel Garcia GarzaSumit TalwarJose Alfredo JimenezJaime R. Ramos-KellyRami LutfiFarah HusainHelen HeneghanKirtik PatelMaurílio RibeiroFábio ViegasManuel Avalos-AvalosZubaidah Nor HanipahRob SnoekxCamilo A. Diaz RinconRodrigo AcevesMuayad FadhelSteven A. CahalanDhafer M. JasimMohammed Salim Al-HamadaniMohannad Kamel AlbermaniHussein Saleh AliWissam Jaafar AltaeeHamid Dawood AlmussawiAntonio S.B. SilvaAmmar A. AtraAbdulaziz Abood MajeedAhmed Nasser Al-TurfiO AlomarGeorge KalogeropoulosIvaylo Georgiev TzvetkovRana Manindra RajneeshHaris A. KhwajaDiego FoschiGeorges Nabih Al HajjAhmad AssaliaFadil KhalealMaria SolovyevaAbdou Abdalla Ali SalemHany N. TaklaHaider A. Al-ShurafaNazim AlrifaiAndres Muñoz-MoraGabriel Martinez De AragonVictor DiaconuNaif A. AlenaziMehmet KaplanPaulo C. GrippaPeter NottleLuis Antonio C. FonsecaRoger C. LucianiMichael TalbotYun Chan ParkEduardo Nacur SilvaGiovanni MerolaVikrant SharmaAbdelrahman ElghandourEstuardo BehrensAlistair SharplesJosé Medina‐PestanaJerónimo MonterrubioEduardo Lemos de Souza BastosNaser Saleh AlalwaniDiya Aldeen MohammedHeidi Louise KathreinFrancois N. SchutteAdrian SavaMa De Los Angeles Mayo-OssorioDick A. ManriqueShahab ShahabiCem Emir GüldoğanDaniel GärtnerRachid KSAN KsantiniEtienne BoutryGuilherme Silva MazziniKarl Peter RheinwaltAlberto Pagán PomarOral OspanovSukhvinder Singh SagguSaud AES. AlsubaieMaciej WałędziakBasmah FallatahAndreas EdenbergMohammed AbdullahNeil R. FlochJohnny StewartDaniel TimofteAram E. JawedAmit BhambriMohamed HanySapan A. JainIoannis TerzisLuis LevelMohamad Abdulkader Al SayyadHassan AhmedMichael DevadasAntonio Cláudio Jamel CoelhoShashank ShahRodrigo J. Anacona C.Alexander B. PalaciosDiyaree Nihad IsmaelUsama IqbalH. Raul HerreraDavid GoiteinReynaldo QuininoGeorgios SpiliopoulosPablo Pjz ZambranaRodrigo VillagránAhmad GhazalFrancesco FrattiniMarco BattistoniKonstantinos StamouZsolt BodnárHüseyin SinanVijaya NirujogiOsama TahaSonghao HuMohammad MahfouzL. Ulas BiterHamza IbrahimLynz JordanJanuary HillMohammed Mustafa Hassan MohammedLuis X. ArmijosRamón VilallongaLuis Alberto Zabala SalazarJerome F. SchrappsKhalid Al AmriGuillermo J. MuzioAbdulmenem Yahya AbualselMarina KurianŁukasz SzczerbińskiCarlos TrindadeAhmed M. ForiegFallon SchwochLaurent GenserAhmed OsmanMariano de Almeida MenezesHalil ÖzgüçHercio A. V. CunhaMohamed Saïd Sbaï IdrissiBarış GülcüAlessandro ContineL RossiArda IşıkOmar KhanLuiz Gustavo De Oliveira E. SilvaMehmet Kadir BartınSamet YardımcıErkan YardımcıE. Paulo PintoIbrahim Abdelhamid HassanChee Loong YeapRafael AriasAhmed H. HamoudaEvelyn DoradoCelso SimonetiPeter VasasLuca PaolinoRoberto Cisneros De AjuriaVincenzo BorrelliAdeel Ahmed ShamimMiguel F. HerreraJulio GalindoWei Jin WongShalvin R. PrasadSherif G. AlyFatih Can KaracaSylvia WeinerMehmet Altug KazakManish MotwaniÇağrı BüyükkasapAndrea RizziSamiullah Khan NiaziMadhi Hashim AlatrakhiamΝικόλαος ΠαραράςAini Fahriza IbrahimDali YoussefJoão Caetano MarchesiniJose-Maria V. Correia-NevesAditi ShreekumarI. El-WardanySemra Demirli AtıcıJavier Lorenzo PérezKin Cheung NgChristine StierMohammed Hany AshourH ElmalehCarlos Augusto Scussel MadalossoPeter VasasSalah M. Raslan
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to a worldwide suspension of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) services. The current study analyses data on patterns of service delivery, recovery of practices, and protective measures taken during the COVID-19 pandemic by bariatric teams.The current study is a subset analysis of the GENEVA study which was an international cohort study between 01/05/2020 and 31/10/2020. Data were specifically analysed regarding the timing of BMS suspension, patterns of service recovery, and precautionary measures deployed.A total of 527 surgeons from 439 hospitals in 64 countries submitted data regarding their practices and handling of the pandemic. Smaller hospitals (with less than 200 beds) were able to restart BMS programmes more rapidly (time to BMS restart 60.8 ± 38.9 days) than larger institutions (over 2000 beds) (81.3 ± 30.5 days) (p = 0.032). There was a significant difference in the time interval between cessation/reduction and restart of bariatric services between government-funded practices (97.1 ± 76.2 days), combination practices (84.4 ± 47.9 days), and private practices (58.5 ± 38.3 days) (p < 0.001). Precautionary measures adopted included patient segregation, utilisation of personal protective equipment, and preoperative testing. Following service recovery, 40% of the surgeons operated with a reduced capacity. Twenty-two percent gave priority to long waiters, 15.4% gave priority to uncontrolled diabetics, and 7.6% prioritised patients requiring organ transplantation.This study provides global, real-world data regarding the recovery of BMS services following the COVID-19 pandemic.Keywords:
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The purpose of this study was to find out problems encountered by Foskor Mine workers in Phalaborwa with the use of personal protective equipment and also to find out how these problems can be prevented or solved. A quantitative research study was done using a questionnaire as a data gathering tool on workers who are exposed to occupational injuries and illnesses and who use personal protective equipment for their protection. The findings revealed that even though workers were using personal protective equipment they still got occupational injuries and illnesses. They also had problems with their protective equipment like incompatible types of personal protective equipment, such as weight where heavy personal protective equipment like boots were issued and very hot or cold personal protective equipment incompatible with the temperature of the environment. Some personal protective equipment like gloves were of a wrong size and caused allergy. In some instances unavailability of or unsuitable personal protective equipment posed challenges to these workers.
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Background: The number of cases infected with COVID-19 continues to increase, so it is very necessary to handle Covid-19 cases. One of them is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) for corpse recovery officers in handling Covid-19 bodies. The purpose of the study was to analyze the impact of the use of PPE on the Covid-19 corpse recovery officers at the Macanda Gowa Cemetery.
Methods: This research is qualitative research with a phenomenological approach. The number of research is 5 main informants, 2 supporting informants, and 1 key informant.
Results: The results of this study showed that the behavior of the mortuary officers was anxious, afraid, worried, had experience in handling Covid-19 corpses, wore personal protective equipment (PPE) for 2-3 hours, burned PPE, removed PPE at the specified location, size The PPE is not suitable for the Covid-19 relocation officer. The impacts of PPE are heat, heat, skin injuries, headaches, dehydration, hot skin (prickly heat), fever, Covid-19 positive, difficulty breathing. Managing the negative impact of using PPE by turning on the air conditioning (AC), opening the windshield, unzipping the hazmat shirt a little, and removing the mask and face shield, smearing the body with eucalyptus oil, cleaning the body, drinking water and exercising.
Conclusions and suggestions: The behavior of the Covid-19 corpse recovery officer in using PPE does not comply with the use of personal protective equipment correctly. This is due to the lack of knowledge of the mortuary staff regarding the proper use of PPE. So that the effects of PPE are not correct. There is a need for supervision and awareness-raising on the understanding of the use of PPE for COVID-19 corpses.
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Background Correct use of personal protective equipment is vital to minimise the risk of patients acquiring healthcare-associated infections. These measures are also important in preventing exposure to occupational infection. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of personal protective equipment was associated with anxiety, uncertainty and additional training requirements. This study investigated midwives’ experiences using personal protective equipment during the pandemic. Methods This systematic scoping review searched seven academic databases and grey literature. Data analysis was conducted using a thematic analysis framework. Results A total of 16 studies were included. Four themes were found: ‘fear and anxiety’, ‘personal protective equipment/resources’, ‘education and training needs’ and ‘communication’. Conclusions Management and administration inconsistences, logistical issues and lack of training on personal protective equipment led to midwives’ negative feedback. A gap has been identified in the exploration of midwives’ experiences as personal protective equipment end-users during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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The research favors characterizing how the occupational risks of health personnel are perceived and the association with the use of personal protective equipment in Covid-19 in a public hospital, where in this time of pandemic, occupational risks are characterized and how they influence in the use of personal protective equipment (PPE), the versatility of suppliers in creating new protection elements. The objective was to determine the relationship between perception of occupational risks and the use of personal protective equipment in covid-19 in health personnel. The methodology was a correlational study, with a quantitative approach. As instruments, the occupational risk assessment of health personnel and the level of personal protective equipment were used; applied to a sample of 30 (health personnel) from a public hospital. The results were the findings perceived by health personnel. When evaluating correlation using Spearman's R, a significant relationship was found between the level of occupational hazards and the use of personal protective equipment (r = 0.498; p≤0.001). The conclusions were that there is a positive and significant relationship between the perception of occupational risks and the use of personal protective equipment in the health personnel of a public hospital. The usefulness was to demonstrate the influence of occupational health risks, it is important to develop new designs in the use of personal protective equipment. This helps health personnel with better protective equipment.
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COVID-19 has become well-known in the world. The measures to kill the virus have also become hard to come by. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) has been using by health workers to contain the virus in Ghana hence the study sought to ascertain the impact of Personal Protective Equipment on Ghanaian health workers in the COVID-19 era. The study used primary and secondary sources of data. Importantly, a simple random sampling technique was used to engage a total of 2,420 health workers in Ghana, and also convenience sampling technique was used to select 150 public hospitals and 150 private hospitals for the study. The study used both questionnaires and in-depth interviews to gather the required information. The information obtained from the participants was analyzed by content and statistical analysis. It was revealed that health workers have been using Personal Protective Equipment frequently to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus in the health care setting in Ghana. It was recommended that health workers should use the Personal Protective Equipment according to indication. Intensive monitoring was also recommended to check the proper uses of the Personal Protective Equipment by health workers in Ghana. Lastly, a sensitization programme was recommended to give more insight on the importance of using Personal Protective Equipment by health workers in Ghana.
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To the Editor: There have been an increasing number of reports of occupationally induced skin conditions in health care workers related to the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.1Gheisari M, Araghi F, Moravvej H, et al. Skin reactions to non-glove personal protective equipment: an emerging issue in the COVID-19 pandemic [e-pub ahead of print]. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdv.16492. Accessed May 7, 2020.Google Scholar,2Lan J. Song Z. Miao X. et al.Skin damage among health care workers managing coronavirus disease-2019.J Am Acad Dermatol. 2020; 82: 1215-1216Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (379) Google Scholar The breadth and variety of different types of PPE, such as facemasks, gloves, and respiratory equipment, as well as the extended use beyond previous standards, have led to a spectrum of common dermatologic conditions, including contact/irritant dermatitis, pressure-related skin injury, acneiform eruptions, and moisture-associated skin irritation (Table I).Table ISkin condition related to masks—treatment and prevention strategiesSkin conditionSurgical maskN95 maskContact/irritant dermatitisUse alcohol-free barrier film wipe behind the ears before wearing, orApply thin foam dressing behind the ear beneath ear loop of surgical mask.N95 mask straps should be worn on the crown of the head, so should not be sitting on top of the ears.Pressure-related skin injuryApply thin foam dressing behind the ears beneath ear loop of surgical mask.Prophylactic dressings can be used under surgical masks for treatment/prevention. Proposed materials include a thin hydrocolloid dressing or thin foam dressing. Cut/adjust material to application site and apply dressing to skin without tension. Once PPE is removed at end of shift, wash hands, don clean gloves, gently remove dressings, and wash hands again. When removing prophylactic dressings, close eyes and avoid inhaling any aerosolized virus or particles.Apply alcohol-free barrier film wipe (not spray) on areas of direct PPE contact (eg, nose, cheeks, forehead, behind the ears) to protect skin from moisture and friction. Before applying, ensure the area is free of make-up, etc. Do not apply to eyes or eyelids. Allow to dry for 90 seconds before donning PPE.Wear facial PPE correctly and make sure size is correct.If skin damage is present, consider applying petrolatum to open areas 3-4 times a day when away from work. If an open area of skin is present, a hydrocolloid dressing may be used to help it heal; however, using these dressings under N95 masks requires refit testing to ensure adequate seal.AcneWash your face with gentle, mild fragrance free, noncomedogenic cleanser in the morning and at the end of the day. Take appropriate breaks from the mask: 15 minutes off every 2 hours.Wash your face with gentle, mild fragrance-free, noncomedogenic cleanser in the morning and at the end of the day.Take appropriate breaks from the mask: 15 minutes off every 2 hours.Moisture- associated skin irritationWash your face with gentle, mild fragrance-free, noncomedogenic cleanser in the morning and at the end of the day. Take appropriate breaks from the mask: 15 minutes off every 2 hours.Wash your face with gentle, mild fragrance-free, noncomedogenic cleanser in the morning and at the end of the day.Take appropriate breaks from the mask: 15 minutes off every 2 hours—if safe and practical to do so.PPE, Personal protective equipment. Open table in a new tab PPE, Personal protective equipment. Surgical and N95 masks, as well as goggles and face shields, have been reported to cause contact dermatitis, typically behind the ears (from elastic straps), on the bridge of the nose, or rarely on the entire face. Mask-induced contact dermatitis and contact urticaria can occur due to adhesives, rubber in straps, free formaldehyde released from the nonwoven polypropylene, and from metals in clips.3Foo C. Goon A.T. Leow Y.H. et al.Adverse skin reactions to personal protective equipment against severe acute severe acute respiratory syndrome-a descriptive study in Singapore.Contact Dermatitis. 2006; 55: 291-294Crossref PubMed Scopus (227) Google Scholar,4Donovan J. Kudla I. Holness L. et al.Skin reactions following use of N95 facial masks.Dermatitis. 2007; 18: 104Crossref Google Scholar The tighter and more secure N95 masks can cause significant skin damage due to pressure on anatomic points such as the bridge of the nose and across the zygoma. Moisture can accumulate under either type of facemask and predispose to skin breakdown and, potentially, superinfection. Facial PPE should be adjusted to fit correctly and should not lead to excess pressure or discomfort on any one particular area of the face. Skin should be routinely cleaned and moisturized using noncomedogenic emollients at least 1 hour before using facial PPE. Petrolatum-based products are not recommended as a skin sealing or repair agent because they may interfere with the integrity of the mask itself, in particular, the N95.5National Pressure Injury Advisory Panel (NPIAP)NPIAP position statements on preventing injury with N95 masks.https://cdn.ymaws.com/npiap.com/resource/resmgr/position_statements/Mask_Position_Paper_FINAL_fo.pdfDate: 2020Date accessed: May 7, 2020Google Scholar According to the Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention, contact dermatitis accounts for 10% to 15% of all health care occupational illnesses. Glove-related allergic contact dermatitis is relatively common in health care workers. The most common causes are rubber accelerators used in the manufacturing of gloves. Skin manifestations include pruritus, erythema, scale, vesicles, and in prolonged cases, hyperpigmentation and lichenification. Health care workers should be encouraged to use moisturizers frequently, especially when not in direct patient care, and ensure hands are clean and dry before the use of gloves and other PPE during patient contact time. For more severe cases of contact dermatitis, topical corticosteroids and other prescription therapies may be warranted. In addition to masks, gloves, and respirators, the repetitive and prolonged use of sterilizing agents, including hand soaps, detergents, and repeated exposure to water, can lead to irritated skin and an increased risk for contact sensitization. To reduce this risk, especially after handwashing, emollients with ceramides or petrolatum, or both, may be beneficial.6Beiu C. Mihai M. Popa L. et al.Frequent hand washing for COVID-19 prevention can cause hand dermatitis: management tips.Cureus. 2020; 12: e7506PubMed Google Scholar As health care workers, we are ultimately responsible for protecting our patients, ourselves, and the broader community. Wearing PPE for extended periods, as has occurred in the era of COVID-19, can have potentially serious consequences for health care workers. Recognizing occupationally induced skin conditions from PPE, and which of these can be prevented or minimized with proper measures, is critical to help mitigate long-term skin sequelae and maintain compliance. We would like to thank staff at the American Academy of Dermatology for their logistical and administrative support. We would also like to thank, in particular, Theresa Carbone, BSN, RN, CWOCN, William Falone, MSN, RN, CWON, and Shawn Parsons, MSN, CRNP, CWON, along with the Penn Medicine Wound Care Nursing Collaborative, for their ongoing efforts to educate health care workers and the public on the occupational risks in the era of COVID-19.
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