Antimicrobial Efficacy and Permeability of Various Sealing Materials in Two Different Types of Implant–Abutment Connections
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The presence of a microgap along an implant-abutment connection (IAC) is considered the main disadvantage of two-piece implant systems. Its existence may lead to mechanical and biological complications. Different IAC designs have been developed to minimise microleakage through the microgap and to increase the stability of prosthodontic abutments. Furthermore, different sealing materials have appeared on the market to seal the gap at the IAC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy and permeability of different materials designed to seal the microgap, and their behaviour in conical and straight types of internal IACs. One hundred dental implants with original prosthodontic abutments were divided into two groups of fifty implants according to the type of IAC. Three different sealing materials (GapSeal, Flow.sil, and Oxysafe gel) were applied in the test subgroups. The contamination of implant-abutment assemblies was performed by a joint suspension containing Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. It was concluded that the IAC type had no significant influence on microleakage regarding microbial infection. No significant difference was found between the various sealing agents. Only one sealing agent (GapSeal) was found to significantly prevent microleakage. A complete hermetic seal was not achieved with any of the sealing agents tested in this study.Keywords:
Abutment
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Hydraulic vat seal device determines hydranlic system properties.In this paper through researching and analyzing to classification of hydraulic vat seal service, shapes of seal ring, seal material and structure of seal device, the structure material and testing parameters of typical combination seal device is presented.Simultaneously application and study prospects are pointed out.
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최근 몇 년 戰國文字에 관한 연구가 활발하게 진행되어 우수한 결과를 지속적으로 도출하고 있다. 특히 일부 연구자들은 戰國文字의 국가별 분류 및 문자 비교 분석에 있어서 탁월할 성과를 학계에 소개하고 있다. 그러나 璽印 문자 연구는 戰國文字 영역에서 상대적으로 부족한 상태라 할 수 있겠다. 본 논문은 근래 출간된 중국의 저명 전각예술가 吳硯君의 『倚石山房藏戰國古璽』 048 ‘高是(氏)’와 일본 학자 菅原石廬의 『中國璽印集粹』 101 ‘ (荀習)’ 璽印에 대해 종합적인 고찰을 시도하고자 작성되었다. 두 顆 모두 戰國시대 三晉 璽印으로 분류함에는 異見이 없다. 그러나 印文 考釋에 관해서는 서로 다른 견해가 있어, 이에 대해 보충 설명 및 새로운 견해를 제시하고자 한다.
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Inflatable
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