Numerical Simulation Study on Co-combustion Characteristics of Biogas and Antibiotic Filter Residue in a Grate Furnace
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The treatment of antibiotic filter residue (AFR) is an important issue, because of its special nature, the large output, and the difficulty of combustion.Nowadays, the AFR is generally incinerated, but dioxins are produced during the process, which makes incineration technology face challenges.There is a lack of research on the influences of co-combustion conditions on temperature field and flue gas characteristics, but it plays an important role in practical applications.The present study aimed to investigate the influences of AFR mixed with biogas on furnace temperature field and emission characteristics through numerical simulation.The results showed that the opposed injection position was the best type when the proportion of mixed biogas was constant.The results can provide new insight into co-combustion and thermal utilization of AFR.Keywords:
Biogas
Residue (chemistry)
The present research work entitled “Status of Biogas plants in Akola District” was carried out for the identification of the present scenario of biogas system. In the survey, data of biogas installation was collected from the national project on Biogas Development since 1982-83 to December 2006. It was found that nearly 13136 numbers of biogas plants were installed in the district. In the study, two villages from each block of Akola district were selected for collection of information about the biogas system. Nearly 140 number of biogas plants were installed in the fourteen selected villages of the seven block of district. Out of these, only 30 biogas plants (21 %) were found in working condition. The study reveals that a biogas user in the district faces the problem of dung and water availability for working of biogas system. It was realized that users of the studied area have not proper awareness about the problems occurred during operation of system which affected the working of biogas plant. It was observed that majority of the people have installed the floating dome type (KVIC) biogas plants. See end of the article for authors’ affiliations
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Biogas is generated from anaerobic digestion of organic wastes by micro organisms. It is a relatively simple and economical method to produce a fuel from waste. It has a composition of methane as the main component with 50–70 percent, carbon dioxide around 30–40 percent and, hydrogen sulphide and moisture in trace quantities. The composition of biogas varies depending upon the substrates used. The raw biogas from the biogas digesters is properly scrubbed and purified to remove the unwanted gases like CO2, H2S and moisture upto a certain required level. In this work, a biogas upgrading system of 2 m3/h capacity has been developed for the removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide from biogas, is indispensable to get biomethane. Developed biogas upgrading system, upgrades the biogas up to 96- 97% biomethane at 10 bar column-operating pressure with 1.5–2.5 m3/h of biogas in-uow rate and 1.75 m3/h of water inuow rate.
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Biogas
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Biogas plant is a digester where anaerobic decomposition of the animal excreta/organic matter takes place and as a result biogas is produced. This gas is rich in methane and can be used for various purposes such as cooking, power generation and lighting. In case of anaerobic decomposition of the organic matter in the open, the gas (methane) produced directly goes into the atmosphere and increases the concentration of green house gases in. Use of biogas obtained through anaerobic decomposition in biogas plants converts methane into carbon dioxide and reduces the load of green house gases. The present paper discusses the potential of green house gas reduction by the use of biogas plants. The paper also discusses about the present status of biogas development in India, economics of biogas plant, selection of proper size of biogas plant along with the Government policy for providing incentive to the user for the construction of biogas plants.
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Biogas
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This research aims to give an overview on how to improve the biogas yeild in Balinese digester plants using various co-substrates which are available in Bali. A series testing on the digestibility of substrates were set up either in the field or in the biogas laboratory. In-field analyses like testing the CO 2 -content and taking samples from digested manure were undertaken. Analyses such as dry matter (DM) and organic dry matter (oDM) determination, pH measurement and FOS/TAC were handled in the biogas laboratory. The huge number of different fruits in Bali gives a good opportunity to use their wastes like Durian hulls and Banana peelings, which can not be used anymore, as co-substrates in biogas plants. The results of these investigations allow to estimate the additional biogas yield, when adding co-substrates to a cow manure biogas plant.
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Cow dung
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Biogas is one of alternative energy for tackling the energy crisis the longer fossil-fired on the wane. Besides, biogas can cope with the problem of air pollution, such as methane gas. Pollution from methane gas can be utilized by biogas as fuel. This study discusses a brief analysis of the effect of the internal gas pressure of an anaerobic digester on biogas production. The substrate used in this research as producing biogas is a mixture of cow dung/tofu liquid waste ratio of 2 (v/v). Therefore, the two identical biogases reactor with different treatments were developed, with (controlled) and without (uncontrolled) internal gas pressure treatment. The parameters such as temperature and methane gas amount were evaluated for nine days; moreover, the biogas production was monitored daily using a calibrated methane gas sensor. The uncontrolled biogas reactor produced methane gas lower than the controlled biogas reactor, 92074 ppm versus 254451 ppm, respectively, after nine days of reaction time. The uncontrolled biogas reactor's internal gas pressure was higher than the internal gas pressure of the controlled biogas reactor, 89.29 kPa versus 29.84 kPa, respectively, after nine days reaction time. The retention time of uncontrolled biogas production was longer than the retention time of biogas production of controlled biogas reactor, six days versus five days, respectively. The obtained results can be used to design an efficient anaerobic digester for treating, processing, and effectively utilizing organic waste.
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The main technical procedures of comprehensive utilization of biogas residues and biogas slurry in Linzhang County were introduced from the aspects of construction of biogas digesters,property management,processing enterprises and base construction,then the economic,ecological and social benefits were analyzed.The recycling mode of biogas residues and biogas slurry in Linzhang County were briefly introduced taking the biogas stations of Ganglingcheng area in Linzhang town of Linzhang County.
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Biogas Production
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In order to effectively solve the short cycle problem,research the use of biogas digesters in rural areas in Shanxi Province.Combining the Shanxi rural realities and improved the structural form of the traditional biogas digester.Through adding pretreatment tank to provide heat for biogas digester.And add thermal insulation materials for digesters wall,inlet and outlet to achieve the purpose of increasing biogas pool temperature in winter.Take the Yulin City for example,through the theoretical calculations and experimental,proved the biogas yield of biogas digesters can be achieved above 0.1 m3/(m3·d)in winter minimum temperatures,and the biogas from a 6～8 m3 digester could satisfy the daily energy requirements of a common household.
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Overwintering
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The potential of biogas and available energy have been calculated alone all of Latvia in general until now. The specific character of each region of Latvia was not excluded. In this article more successful biogas plants sites in Vidzeme region have been inspected, where biogas is combusted in cogeneration plants producing electricity and heat simultaneously. The biogas potential is also calculated in Vidzeme region, where it was produced from domestic animal (cattle, pigs and chicken) manure, as well as the unused agricultural available land (AAL) area, the waste water treatment of biological plants of the largest cities, the largest landfills of solid household waste in the region and food processing industry waste. The majority of the total biogas potential makes around 304 million m3 of biogas per year in Vidzeme region and is derived from the unused AAL area – 225 million m3 of biogas per year. On average, the biogas potential in each district of the Vidzeme region makes around 12 million m3 of biogas per year. The calculated amount of electricity that could be produced using biogas is around 700 GWh per year.
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Cogeneration
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